Norman kukunda muEngland 1066

Pakazosvika pakati regumi remakore Norman duchy yakasvika zvizere maruva. The feudal Hurongwa vakabatsira pakusika yakaisvonaka dzakabatana nemauto kuti vaipa kune Duke pamusoro vatongi vari pasi ake, uye akapakata zvombo knight vamabhiza Normandy chakabereka pachake usingafi mbiri. Mukuwedzera, hurumende yakanga mari guru kubva pfuma zvose. A simba nechepakati simba, pristrunyavshaya uye vatongi vari pasi, uye chechi yaiva pachena akasimba kupfuura Chirungu. Saka Norman kukunda England aiva foregone mhedziso.

Wilhelm v. Harold

Harold II yokuzivisa, noutsinye utsinye Chirungu King-Dane, mumwe akabvuta chigaro uye perjurer, uye achitsigirwa Pope Alexander II, Wilhelm musasa akasangana: rokutsvaka vanozvipira kuti miganhu yacho Duchy kuti amubatsire haisi hondo simba, akavaka yakawanda nhumbi zvikepe, uye chiuno wezvokudya. Uye nokukurumidza zvinhu zvose zvakanga zvagadzirwa, kuti kukunda England naWilliam pamusoro Normandy kwakaitika.

Musasa Duchy Vachiita zvakawanda mauto - the Knights vaibva dzose dzakapoteredza nzvimbo: Brittany, yokuPicardy, Flanders, Artois. Vanyori venhau havana kukwanisa kumisa chaiyo nhamba revarwi Wilhelm, asi zvikepe akanga asina asingasviki mazana manomwe, naizvozvo, varwi vakatora pamusoro wokumaodzanyemba kwayo mabhanga kunyika England, akawana hapana asingasviki zviuru zvinomwe. Kokutanga vanhu vakawanda kudaro pakarepo akayambuka Chirungu Channel.

Harold aiziva pamusoro gadziriro. Inounganidzwa kumaodzanyemba England, zvikepe uye mauto akamirira kusvika William ari zvombo zvakakwana. Asi Wilhelm akanga kunyange trickier pane vanofungidzirwa Harold. In kuchamhembe England akangoerekana asvika Wilhelm vatsigiri kubva Norway uye yanyadziswa British vavengi Harold. Harold akakwanisa kutsausa vanhu uye kunyange kuvhuna vacho, asi hapana kunonoka zuva yakatanga Norman kukunda England zasi.

Hondo Harold

The kumhara pamusoro muvengi anomanikidzwa kutendeuka mauto kusimba uye vaneta kudzokera Hastings munzira paiva kuedza kuunganidza varwi. Zvisinei, zvose zvaitika kuti kunyange muLondon wavachazosununguka Harold nevarwi harisati vakaungana. Kusiyana William, haana zvakakomba vakabata vamabhiza, unorema mauto ayo akanga achifamba uye siyana. Paiva Housecarl uye vanhuwo zvavo vakabata mumwe munhu zvikuru: vanhuwo zvavo - namasanhu netsvimbo, pamwe earls Housecarl aiva minondo, nhovo kurwa matemo, asi haana kuva mabhiza uye uta uye vamabhiza rwisana Harold haana nguva kutanga.

Musangano kare uye itsva

Norman kukunda muEngland 1066 zvakaitika musi 14 October. Wilhelm akatungamirira vakanyatsodzidziswa kurwa chaipo kubva Chigaro, hondo-akaomesa knight aifamba nemabhiza mauto uye uta. The kukundwa of Anglo-Saxons aiva foregone mhedziso. The kukundwa yakanga kunokurumidza uye yokupedzisira - vashoma vakapona. Harold akafawo.

Wilhelm akapa mamwe mauto akapakatira uye vachirwisa pamusoro murimi mudiki nharaunda, akanga pasina kukurumidza. Nepo Dover, uye London kwakaita pamusoro kentberiyskaya kunzwisisa uye kunzwisisa zvaitika, vakaisa uye vatora naWilliam Mukundi somunhu kuuya kurudyi akasimba, zvaitora mazuva akawanda. Asi ndakakurumidza akasvika kunyika mushure Norman kukunda England!

Mushure memazuva mashanu William hondo yakatamira Dover. Raiva kukunda! Kwete chete muLondon youmbwende veguta inondikurira mudzimba dzavo, nokuti kutya pogroms, asi zvikurukuru Chirungu madzishe, earls, sheriffs, William mabhishopi yakawira makumbo uye akaedza kuita shamwari naye. Southern England haana akanga Wilhelm hapana nemishonga zvachose. Pashure pfupi nguva uye pasi kuNorthern.

Kuzodza samambo

Zvino, pamusoro zororo reKrisimasi panguva panosangana 1066 uye 1067 wacho, William Mukundi akasvika Westminster paGrand chiitiko. Hazvizivikanwi mamiriro ezvinhu kwakasimbiswa. England mushure Norman kukunda yokumukira pano uye ikoko. Akapinda zvenhema yokusavimbika, uye navaranda waWilliam vakabvuma chaiyo.

Dzimba dzose akapoteredza Church, apo kuzodza mambo, akanga nomoto, uye vakaurayiwa moto vakanga vafa, havanzwisisi munhurume, zera uye chitendero. Temple akasiya zvose asi vafundisi vakanga mberi basa, vakauya sakaramendi kumugumo, uye William akasangana nguva mukukunda yokutanga akapfeka ega. Saka vasinganzwisisiki kupera Norman kukunda England pakutanga Danho wayo.

ushe

Pasinei chipikirwa William kuva rubatso mitemo yakanaka Edwardian mutorwa Normans akaramba mhirizhonga uye zvaibiwa kwakaenderera. The Vagari revapanduki zvachose, ake zvikuru kwazvo woutsinye nomoto uye nomunondo. Nokuti kuteerera zvikuru kuti vagari London vakatanga kuvakwa yakakurumbira youmambo Castle - the Tower.

Northern England nzvimbo zvokudya saka pamwe Wilhelm ake yokumukira muna 1069 iye aishanda kwavari pasi yakatsva nzira (vokuGermany zvechokwadi havana yokutanga Katyn). Wilhelm haana kusiya kuri rwendo yose nzvimbo mumupata kuna York Durham kana imba yose kana munhu mupenyu - kwete. gwenga Izvi akanotaura nemiviri remakore, apo zvishoma nezvishoma akatanga kugadzirisa. Asi ichi, chokwadi, haisi huru zvakazokonzerwa Norman kukunda England.

utariri sangano

Tichitarisa zvose Anglo-Saxons sezvo nevapanduki, William Mukundi akaramba achishevedza kwezvakataurwa chepamutemo mugari wenhaka Eduarda Ispovednika. Pakarepo mushure kuzadziswa "Chirungu Katyn" dzose England akava pfuma yamambo. Kutatira akanga kwete chete vapanduki asiwo vaya vakanga vasiri zvakakwana vakavimbika kune hurumende itsva.

nyika Huge vaiva ne Crown, vakauya kukuru mari: rendi kubva anoreva nhema vari sheriffs, uyo akabva akagogodza naye kubva vanhuwo zvavo. Saka kubvarura, zvichienzaniswa nenguva Eduarda Ispovednika, zvakanga dzakakwirira nezvikamu zvinopfuura makumi mashanu kubva muzana. The nyika akabvuma kuti. Nokuti chii chave rakatanga Norman kukunda England? Muchidimbu - nokuti purofiti. Asi kwete chete.

Chokwadi, William akasiya hauna zvose, kunyange mugove wayo zvechokwadi aiva shumba. Feuds, iro akawana ayo anofungidzirwa, vaiva gumi nguva yakawanda navo munharaunda Normandy. Wilhelm Church kwenguva refu hakuiti kurwadzisa nguva, ndapota regai akazvitora.

Nechepakati England kuvaka nhare - uye avo vari nyore, nyore pazvikomo pamwe moats uye palisades, uye kunzwisisa ouinjiniya ezvirevo kukurira refu rakakombwa. Kwakawanziridzwa huru ibwe wenhare, kufanana Tower London, Rochester, Hedingema. nhare idzi havana baronial. Vose zvaiva zvamambo. The kukunda England naWilliam pamusoro Normandy vakaenda.

"Domesday Book"

Saka akadana nyika vaverengwe muna 1085, iyo yakaitwa William muEngland. Yaiva bhuku hwakadzama zvikuru. The Data vakaparadzaniswa muzvikamu zvitatu: pamberi kukunda, gore 1066 uye gore 1085. Hwave rewritten: murwiyo nomumwe nomumwe County nyika vamazana chaiwo mari, akafanana uye nhamba yevanhu, avo ezvinhu. Yevakapindura vaiva zvachose vose NaAmai Pauline Kabanzi, sheriffs, kukwegura, vakasununguka uye serfs vatanhatu kubva mumusha nerimwe. Vose vakapupura pasi mhiko. Saka,-matatu matatu navasere ina, kubva County yave rewritten.

urongwa

Yakanga yakanaka kufamba kuona chikuru zvakazokonzerwa Norman kukunda England. William okuverengwa kutsutsa akapa mashoko pamusoro zvichibvira mari uye pfungwa nzira systematize arumurwa "mari Danish". Bhuku raiva hombe, hwakadzama uye yakarurama. William akaziva kuti zvinokwanisika kuti recoup ari yesosaiti Norman kukunda England. tsanangura bhuku rakadaro muchidimbu hazvina musoro.

Estates kuti William akapa mumwe NaAmai Pauline Kabanzi, usambofa parutivi kwokurangana iwayo, izvo kare anazvo Baron. Somuenzaniso, Robert Merton aiva manors anenge masere, vakanga iri mana mumaruwa. Vamwe - maduku zvishoma, asi nheyo zvakangofanana.

Zvinoita sokuti penga. Asi pano zvakare pane kuverenga yakajeka. Kana Baron havazokwanisi kusimbisa simba rayo chero Kunyanya County, izvo, chokwadi, kunobatsira kusimbisa youmambo simba. The chete kunze vaiva feudal madzishe-varindi, ndakachengeta nzira kugungwa uye nyika. Vaiva zvakawanda kodzero uye kunyange neropafadzo. England mushure Norman kukunda vakatanga kunzwa vasina kuroora.

Mambo sezvo mukuru muridzi yose munyika England yakanga overlord pamusoro yokuisira zvose munyika, zvisinei kupi uye mumamiriro ezvinhu api ivo kana kurigamuchira. Wilhelm Varidzi zvose unemhosva Mambo Service (Salisbury mhiko). Chirungu Special evasingatombonamati feudal urongwa - Office mambo musoro wake navamwe vatongi vari pasi ake. King akawana mamwe rutsigiro uye kutendeseka. Country pashure pokukundwa kuitwa zvose hurumende, pasinei akawanda kusuruvara uye kutambura. Ndiro huru zvakazokonzerwa Norman kukunda England.