Mesopotamia: mavakirwo ekare

Hurumende uye tsika Mesopotamia, kuumbwa nembiya enzizi rwaTigrisi uye rwizi rwaYufratesi, akaumba guru rokutanga kwebudiriro iri munhoroondo yevanhu. Flowering kwayo pakukura inowira IV-III zviuru. BC. e. Nokuti sectors vakawanda basa sevanhu mudzidziso uye pakuzivikanwa mu akazotevera kwenzanga zvakanga kumba Mesopotamia architecture, kunyora, masvomhu, hurumende midziyo, magariro nemamiriro zvichingodaro.

Zvinosuruvarisa Mireniyamu kuti kubvira panguva iyoyo, uye vakaparadza zvakawanda nebudiriro mbereko iyi vanhu. Anenge zvose zvatinoziva nezvazvo, inozivikanwa kuburikidza kupukunyuka muvhu zvinhu zvinoratidza: Tablets kuti ecuneiform, zvinopa pfungwa zvinyorwa zvekare vakawana dombo Dombo rekare rakanyorwa nezvokukunda, kuchengeta mutemo Khamurappi (dangwe wevakadzidza mitemo, iyo yave kumba chete Mesopotamia). Architecture, unoratidza dzechitendero, magariro evanhu uye zvematongerwo enyika marongerwo avanhu ava, uye zvichingodaro, unoitawo basa rinokosha mune ichi. Chaizvoizvo, waiva zvasara zvakagadzirwa ekare zvinopa mashoko kupfuura rakakwana pamusoro-refu yakatotsakatika inoti.

Mesopotamia architecture zvakafanana yebudiriro

Kusavapo amabwe uye sango iri munharaunda anokosha Dzokuvaka Sumer, Asiriya neBhabhironi kutopedza aiva dope iyo vanonzi chidhinha lepilsya mbishi uye gare gare akapisa zvidhinha. Chaizvoizvo, kwakabva uye Kushanduka zvivako madhaka zvidhina - mupiro guru kuna mapurani nyika, yakaitwa Mesopotamia yekare.

Mesopotamian mavakirwo pakupera VI chemakore BC. e. dzinoratidzwa panowanikwa madhaka dzimba, zvinosanganisira anoverengeka dzimba. Yakanga iri nguva apo vakawanda vepasi havana kunyange asina kufunga kutamira kurima, yokurarama kurongwa dzinopakwa motokari uye maindasitiri Zvigayo kuvhima uye kuungana. Pamwe kwaita hurumende iri Sumer kuonekwa pano uye wokuratidza nzvimbo dzokunamatira. Vanhu vaigara munharaunda iyoyo uye akavaka temberi anowanzoramba muchimiro akapindira shongwe uye ziggurats. Kazhinji Ziggurats vaiva pyramidal chimiro. Sezvineiwo, kuti chitarisiko chavo ane yemubhaibheri Shongwe yeBhabheri, rakava muBhaibheri zvikuru yekare ngano vavanhu Mesopotamia.

Nhare yamambo dzokugara wevatongi weAsiria Babylonia akanga chaizvo kunzwisisa chivakwa. Somuenzaniso, nomuzinda Sagoni II muna Khorsabad ari paShushani simba, ane kukwirira maviri mamita. chivanze wake zhinji zvakafanana norwonzi ine migero uye dzepasi ceilings. Mumuzinda pachayo yakanga ine nhurikidzwa imwe, zvisinei, akanga nezvivanze kumativi. Mune imwe youmambo Apartments vakanga riri, uye imwe - kumativi kuvakadzi. Mukuwedzera, mumuzinda vakanga akaisa rinoitirwa uye temberi.

Mumaguta mudziyo mapurani yekare Mesopotamia kwese kuramba musara kutigumbura pamwe pamberi nevakawanda masvingo pakati vakaparadzana dzimba mbiri, uyewo dzakatarira yomumusha pamadziro mapofu uye mahwindo maduku, akaisa pasi pedenga. Inside ichi chivako, sezvo mutemo, vane pemarata.