Vladimir Evgenevich Fortov, purezidhendi Russian Academy of Sciences: Biography, basa nesayenzi

Russian Academician Vladimir Evgenevich Fortov - musayendisiti uyo pachimwe kunoshamisa mune chaiko soumambo. Akaita akatsaurira dzinofinha ake basa kutsvakurudza dzisiri yakanaka plasma, mukuru simba arambe achirema uye hurongwa ose detonation uye nehana mafungu. Iye akabata nzvimbo Mutungamiri Russian Academy of Sciences.

inotungamirwa

Akaberekwa Vladimir Evgenevich Fortov January 23, 1946 mu Noginsk. Muna 1962, akapinda MIPT - Moscow Institute of Physics uye Technology. kurova ezvinhu wacho ari Zvokunyama-Technical Institute kuziva. The chikoro nhare mugove mitambo, kusanganisira achiseka kuti National chikwata of RSFSR iri basketball. Naizvozvo, Vladimir haana kufunga nezveramangwana kuyunivhesiti, nokuda kota aigona kuwana chero sangano kunze makwikwi.

Muzhizha, kana vezera zvinechinangwa vachigadzirira wokupinda bvunzo, Fort kumbotamba mari nguva munyika nehama pedyo Dolgoprudny (apo uye ndiro MIPT). Mune Zvokunyama-Technical Institute akamudana shamwari. Wacho akafunga kuzvipira "achitongwa" bvunzo chete kuita. Kamwe muna MIPT netsaona, dzavarwi pakupedzisira akasarudza kupinda ipapo.

Jaya rikava pamusoro fakaroti Aerophysics uye tsvakurudzo nzvimbo. Nechekare mugore rechipiri akatanga basa rake zvesayenzi. mutungamiri mudzidzi akava chafariz yefizikisi uye injiniya, kuenzanirana Nhengo USSR Academy of Sciences Vitaly Ievlev.

chikoro

chinyorwa chake vakarwira nhare mangwanani (zvakanzi kuna thermodynamic Fermi-Zel'dovich dambudziko). Mudzidzi sekondari uye akasangana panguva yokuchinja. Somunhu aibva Noginsk, haana Moscow kunyoresa uye, maererano nemirau, kunge kuparadzira kuenda Vladivostok. Ndisati ndabva nhare ekupedzisira akataura ari dzokusiyirana nesayenzi. Ikoko akatanga kubvunza mibvunzo musayendisiti. Maererano netsamba kubva Vladimir Ye akapindura, "cheeky". I apinda nharo, uye pashure matauriro musayendisiti akakoka wechidiki yefizikisi kukudziridza musoro tsvakurudzo itsva. Nhare vakanyunyuta kuti aifanira kuenda Vladivostok. Ipapo shamwari dzake (yaiva mumwe dzamadzibaba mabhomba bhomba Yakov Zeldovich) akabvunza akahwina mubayiro weNobel Nikolay Semenov kupa jaya mufurati muMoscow, izvo aizobvumira chimwe kunyoresa uye kuparadzira dambudziko. Uye saka zvinoitwa. Nhare vakasara muguta guru uye akava mudzidzi akapedza kudzidza panguva MIPT.

Panguva iyi mumusha muduku nyanzvi yaiva cheya muviri makanika. Muna 1971, Vladimir Evgenevich Fortov akadzivirira chinyorwa chake uye akapiwa mwero anoda kubhabhatidzwa sayenzi. In nguva dzose basa yefizikisi vaiona migumisiro kutsvakurudza zvakasimba akabatanidza yeplasma uye kuvhunduka mafungu.

kwesainzi

Pashure achidzivirira chinyorwa chake Vladimir Evgenevich Fortov akatanga kushanda Institute of Chemical Physics - Institute of Chemical Physics. To wechiduku nyanzvi dzinokurudzira Yakov Zeldovich.

The ICP nhare tichidzidza zvakanyanyisa inoti nyaya uye vakakatyamadzwa compressed plasma. Zvakabuda basa iri rakazova hwaro ake doctorate dissertation. Vladimir Evgenevich Fortov akarirwira muna 1976. Panguva imwe chete iyoyo, musayendisiti vakatanga pamwe chete Lvom Altshulerom zvibereko.

Basa iri muchadenga indasitiri

Vladimir nhare vaiita kwete chete tsvakurudzo plasma. Shock ake aifarira vachizvitakudza dzakasiyana zvinhu vavo kinetics, simba uye Thermo-zvemaziso unhu mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro. Masayendisiti vari kudzidza uye kutsvaka nzira itsva kuparadza uye deformation kuti kuitika yakakwirira simba kunetseka. ruzivo Unique uye ruzivo rwatakawana mukushanda kuferefeta izvi zvakaratidza kuva chaizvo zvakafanira muna 1980s pamwe veMubatanidzwa "Vega" - International Space chirongwa, umo akadzidza Halley kuti kometi.

Yatanga Kuongorora zvinodiwa kudzivirira kunobudirira kubva meteorite izvi. dambudziko iri rakanga chete munzvimbo kukwanisa Vladimir Fortova vake nevaunotamba navo mumitambo. Masayendisiti zvakagadzira kwete chete ndisingafungiri kudzivirira Yatanga Kuongorora, asi pyleudarnye midziyo yesayenzi. Vose zvavo, kamwe muchadenga, kurarama ayo basa. Muzvidzidzo zviri kunokanganisa mananara akanga nechokuita Soviet kudzivirira indasitiri. Pakati pezana remakore 1980s Fortov Vladimir Evgenevich, pamwe chete nevamwe vavo Tomsk uye Novosibirsk, iye aiitisa zvidzidzo zvakawanda chokuita inodzivirira ehupfumi nezvinhu zvaishandiswa kugadzirwa aikosha michina.

Zviitiko uye Zvavakawana

With nzvimbo dzakawanda dzesayenzi pavanenge tsvakurudzo collaborated Fortov Vladimir Evgenevich. Background musayendisiti pakawanda chokuita Institute of tembiricha yakakwirira uye Institute of General Physics, Academy of Sciences of USSR. Mumakore Vladimir nhare vakaperekedza kuedza pamwe pulsed Laser matanda, izvo zvaiita kuti computational mienzaniso chokuita muchadenga meteorites. Panguva dzakakwirira tembiricha Institute akaruramisa electrodynamic railgun akisarareta.

Muna 1980 Vladimir nhare akatanga kutsvakurudza kuziva nzira zvokuchinja putika simba kupinda inokosha Sayenzi remagetsi mwaranzi. Kwavari, panguva ICP vavaka chaiyo Unit, izvo 1987 akawana yokutanga multimegavattnye nomunhu chakanangana microwave mwaranzi. The neshasha kubudirira ichi chaiva Fortov Vladimir Evgenevich. Nyika, zera uye zvimwe zvinhu waoma pamberi njanji kuti akabva musayenzi yeSoviet.

mberi tsvakurudzo

Panguva chirongwa pamusoro Vladimir Fortova muna 1986 panguva Institute of High Tembiricha vakatanga kuongorora kumusoro-tembiricha chafariz wefizikisi. Nemhaka basa rinoitwa mikoko Paidiwa kuti kuedza dzakakwirira pulsed kumanikidzwa uye tembiricha. Pasina vakashandisa uye yaiitwa inokosha tsvakurudzo, chinhu zvakanga zvivako nyaya, vakanga vari zvakanyanyisa ezvinhu.

Kuitisa chidzidzo Fortov pfava zvinhu ndakasika yakasiyana idenderedzwa kuputika yomukati (imwe nzvimbo mhando akaratidza makuru munyika). midziyo iyi ichiri kushandiswa nanhasi. Kamera uye zvimwe zvivako zvakafanana dzaiva Institute of Thermal Physics ose Extreme States, uko ari Russian Academy of Sciences zvino chaiyo pakati, izvo unyanzvi mune ose kuputika.

experimenter

The yakasiyana chakanakira Vladimir Fortova semusayendisiti ndechokuti zvaakasika wose itsva munda wefizikisi - guru wefizikisi ose batana plasmas. Nokuti ichi wakagamuchira mubairo zita Percy Bridgman. The musayendisiti kwakaratidzwa uye kumba. Muna 1987 iye akasarudzwa ari runoenzanirana nhengo Academy of Sciences of USSR, uye muna 1991 - nhengo richangobva akasika Russian Academy of Sciences.

Kuma1990 Vladimir nhare kwakasimbiswa pachavo tsvakurudzo kwayo pamusoro mvura sekristaro uye plasma. Zvino kwayo nhaka hazvina chete zvatinosiita rabhoritari, asiwo orbital kunzwisisa "Mir", uyewo International Space Station. Zvidzidzo izvi vakatanga kupayona. Vakanga kuitwa navanopinda kumanikidzwa netembiricha siyana. Used svikiro akadai yeplasma sokupenya kuerera zvakananga ano, yeplasma zvenyukireya Kutemeswa, plasma, yeplasma danda uye ultraviolet nemwaranzi vakafurira t. D.

On murindi sayenzi

Vladimir Fortov akatanga kugara hurumende inokosha uye zvedzidzo zvinzvimbo panguva pokuwa USSR uye kubuda munhu Russia idzva. Avo vaiva makore akaoma, uye masayendisiti kuita zvose kuti vairarama kuti apikise akaipa nezvemaitiro mumhuri nesayenzi. Akatungamirira Russian Foundation kuti Basic Research.

Uyewo yefizikisi akasvika hurumende, kwaakabereka mutevedzeri sachigaro State Committee iri Science. Munguva kuchinja nguva kuti sayenzi Russian Vladimir nhare Kuonekwa zvakawanda zvenhau, achinyora nyaya uye zvakasimba vakarwira zvedzidzo zvinodiwa nyika. Nemhaka yake kuita akaoneka MVS 1000M - supercomputer aigona tiririyoni remapazi por wechipiri kuitwa.

Election of President wenyika Russian Academy of Sciences

Muna 2013, zvakanga akabata vakawanda musangano Russian Academy of Sciences. musoro mutsva Russian Academy of Sciences, akasarudzwa panguva chiitiko. Mukuwedzera Fortova, nokuti nzvimbo Alexander vaiti Nekipelov uye Zhores Aleferov. Muna sarudzo akanga wakapindwa pamusoro 1,300 vanhu. Maererano ahwo vakarova Fortov Vladimir Evgenevich. President of Russian Academy of Sciences vakawana 58% mavhoti.

Favorites yakadaro inokosha zvedzidzo chinzvimbo, Vladimir nhare akaenda munhu muhombe danho zvedzidzo basa ravo. Status uye basa usaregawo President of Ras sakare, tichiita tsvakurudzo. Masayendisiti akawanda vakatsoropodza ayo "bureaucratic" kuita.

Chikomo pachake akatsanangura chisarudzo chake nokutaura kuti, sezvo mutungamiri wenyika, akanga, ari maonero ake, achaunza zvakawanda vanobatsirwa sayenzi Russian. chirongwa chake sarudzo kwaibva Pfungwa nokubatanidzwazve dzeRas. Vazhinji Academy vakasvika pakugumisa kuti inguva kuita zvokutamba zvinhu wokuRussia nesayenzi. Nemaonero pamwe chete na Fortov Vladimir Evgenevich. President of Russian Academy of Sciences akagadzwa kutaura kupfuura mukurumbira maonero ari zvedzidzo munharaunda yacho.

Kuchiva kunhivi kuchinja zvinhu Ras

Mwedzi inoverengeka pashure musarudzo Fortova akatanga kugadzirisa Academy. Zvisinei, initiators ayo nguva ino havana masayendisiti, uye vakuru kubva reBazi Redzidzo uye Science. Nokuda kwaizvozvi, Vladimiru Evgenevichu aifanira kutanga kurwa chete muboka revatungamiriri. In Hurukuro ake, akaona kuti haana kubvumira Ras kudzorwa machinda avo vasina ukama nayo. The ruzivo nyika yose, akasimbisa President of Academy, zvinoratidza kuti zvedzidzo zvinhu zvikuru zvakadai zvinofanira atanga bedzi masayendisiti pachavo, zvikuru nyanzvi mune zvavanoita.

Ainyanya budiriro kwechikuva rokutanga vari itsva munzvimbo yainzi kuguma nhare "zvoutsinye" akenda minobrom. Chokwadi ndechokuti, nokuda kwezvikonzero zvemari mune dhipatimendi zvakabayirwa hurumende kuumba basa iri liquidation of Academy of Sciences. Fortov Vladimir Evgenevich - purezidhendi Russian Academy of Sciences, ane vokukurukura zvaizivikanwa pamatunhu mahofisi, akakwanisa kumisa kutanga.

Awards uye Recognition

Vladimir nhare anoramba musoro dhipatimendi wefizikisi mukuru-tembiricha pezvakaitwa muna MIPT. Masayendisiti kuramba kuteerera zvikuru kurovedza remasayendisiti vaduku. Under utungamiriri hwake azotongwa dzakawanda doctorate uye tenzi zvichemo.

President of Russian Academy of Sciences Fortov Vladimir Evgenevich voga kana co-vakabudisa mabhuku maviri dhazeni uye vanopfuura 300 nyaya mumagazini National uye dzakawanda. The musayendisiti akanga paakavapa dzomunyika mibayiro Karpinski (muna 1997), Bridgeman (1999), Planck (muna 2002), Alfven (2003), Duval (2005) uye Glass (2009 ) .. Somunhu yefizikisi anenge akunda Order "Nokuti Services kuti Motherland» II dhigirii uye ari Order Aleksandra Nevskogo. Fortov Vladimir Evgenevich, vane kutaura zviri Russian Academy of Sciences, uye nhasi mberi chacho vanoshingaira basa vabatsirwe zvezvipfuwo nesayenzi.