Bivalves

Bivalves (elasmobranch kirasi) - kazhinji chinono-mhanya kana mhuka mira. Vanorarama nechepasi reservoirs. Dzinozivikanwa mhando mollusks anomiririrwa nhasi uwandu vanopfuura zviuru gumi. Vazhinji vavo agare gungwa, zvishoma - fresh mvura.

Bivalves vane dvustoronnesimmetrichnoe muviri. Inoitwa makumbo uye mutumbi, musoro ipfupi (shoma). Kazhinji, tsoka achikanganisa serin'i. In zvinofamba dzemugungwa zviri unogona kuvimba kubva goko, burrow muvhu iri pazasi dziva, kudhonza ose mhuka shure. In specimens vasiyana pasi kana avete pariri, tsoka kazhinji wakaderedzwa kusvika muduku kana mukuru papi.

Cover bivalves akapfuma mumasero siyana. Ivo secrete madzihwa uye zvimwe zvinhu. Saka, somuenzaniso, kufukidza makumbo kamnetochtsev vari mumasero kuti secrete asidhi anokwanisa kuparadza madota. Izvi zvinoita mhuka kuti vakasununguka kupinda munzvimbo reraimu mawere. Mussels uye mbizi mussel vane mumasero kuti secrete yakarukwa. Izvi zvinhu akanga Rakasimbisa mumvura iri muchimiro tambo yakaisvonaka achishandisa iyo bivalves zvakasimba ngadzirambe dziri substrate.

Nejasi mhango rakatenderedzwa pazvirugu zviviri akaremberera panhivi. Mukati, pane gills. The jasi mhango Unodziurawo ari mugaranhoko, yokubereka turakiti uye itsvo ducts. Mvura chinopinda kuburikidza dakashwa kusveta yabviswa kuburikidza kusveta cloacal riri akaumba rwemberi kumucheto nejasi.

mhuka Sink chakaumbwa ichibhabhamisa zviviri izvo zvakabatanidzwa kune kwakavharwa nenyama bhendi pamusoro kana zvechizarira - mazino ayo akanaka achitevedza okumusoro micheto pakati ichibhabhamisa. Ruzhinji vamiririri mashizha makirasi ndiwo akaenzana. Zvisinei, mune dzimwe mhando, avete pasi, uye vari zvakasiyana pakukura uye chimiro.

Kuziviswa kwemashoko ichibhabhamisa riri kuitwa Zvakaitwa unobva shwashwa, izvo rusununguko kwakavharwa nenyama ehupfumi. Rapprochement chinokurwadzai rutapudzo zapirateley. Izvi Tsandanyama simba kubatanidza ichibhabhamisa maviri. Kunyura The kuwedzera imhaka secretions kwemasero iri seri nejasi. Winter bivalves kushanda regai kukura. Somugumisiro, namapapiro vari aumba wepagore bhendi. nhamba yavo anogona kuona makore mhuka.

Tsinga achiumbwa pamusoro majoko matatu kubva ganglia. Mumwe riri neshure chikamu chomuviri, wechipiri - iri gumbo, uye wechitatu - pamusoro pharynx. Commissure - etsinga tambo - batanidza ose nodes.

The kweropa Hurongwa ine dzemugungwa midziyo uye mwoyo. Mumoyo kunongova ventricle rimwe, atrial mashoma. nhamba yavo unoenderana nhamba gills nokuti mumwe nomumwe wavo chinomirirwa kuwedzera midziyo ropa, iro kubva kufema hurongwa. The mwoyo iri pamusoro dorsal parutivi muviri.

In bivalves zvikuru havaratidzi dzakabudirira pfungwa nhengo. Masero kutsinga dzinouya vakapararira munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzomuviri. Gills vane miviri makemikari pfungwa - Osphradium. Mujinga akaisa statocysts. Izvi zvakanyatsoenzana nhengo. Vamwe vamiririri mollusks kusiyaniswa pamberi dzakawanda maburi pamusoro yehombodo jasi.

Muromo riri pamusoro rutsoka mujinga pamberi mutumbi. Kumativi ose pane mashizha maviri. Dzavo cover ciliated epithelium - eyelashes ake gadzirisa zvokudya zvacho muromo. Yegurokuro pfupi. Hwakabatana kuti dumbu duku, izvo anovhura hepatic ducts. Ngaubve dumbu urikanwi. Anoumba wandei muzvishwe, anokwira kuti dorsal divi, inopfuura nomunyika ventricle uye pericardium kare uye inoguma mune cloacal kusveta.

Dzemugungwa vari zvinowanzoshandiswa dzevanhu zvoupfumi basa. Vazhinji, akadai scallops, oysters, mussels zviri kudyiwa.