Mari dzakaumbwa nesimbi inokosha ndeyekuita mari inobatsira yemari

Mari yekutanga yakakosha yakabudiswa nekunopera kwegumi nemapfumbamwe muTsarist Russia. Nguva pfupi vasati vasunungurwa, kusimbiswa kwemugove mukuru weplatinum muNizhny Tagil kwakatanga, ndicho chikonzero vatengesi veDhemidovs, avo vane pfuma yavo, vakapa kupa kutanga mari kubva platinum. Tsanangudzo yavo yakagamuchirwa nehurumende yeRussian tsarist, saka nyaya yekubhadhara mari yakaitwa nemidziyo inokosha. MuRussia yemazuva ano, kutengesa nemari yekusimwa kwemari yevanhu vakanga vasina kuwanikwa kusvika muna 1996.

"Kusarudzwa" (kwakashandurwa kubva kuChirungu chisina kudzivirirwa) inokosha mari isati yaparadzirwa, uye naizvozvo haina kana kukuvadzwa kana kukanganisa. Mari yemhando iyi, sekutonga, inhengo yeboka rekutsinhanisa, kureva, iyo inonyanya kugadzirwa nebhangi kuumba gwaro rekuchengetedza rega nevanhu. Mari dzakaumbwa nemidziyo inokosha ndeimwe nzira yakanakisisa yekuisa mari mukati megoridhe, sezvo mabhizimisi ose nemari ane unyanzvi hwekugadzirisa uye huwandu hwemari yakaitwa nemidziyo inokosha haibvumirwi neVAT (unyanzvi 149 chikamu zviviri zveMitemo Code yeRussian Federation). Nokudaro, zvinokwanisika kuisa zvigadzirwa mumatombo anokosha pasina VAT.

Tichifunga kuti kukosha kwemusika wezvinhu zvinokosha zvegoridhe kunowirirana nemitengo yegoridhe yenyika paLondon Stock Exchange, saka zvinobvira kushandiswa mari yakagadzirwa nematombo anokosha senzira yekuunganidza. Basa rekubhadhara nemari inokosha rakaitwa muRussia kubvira pakutanga kwezana ramakore rino, uye munguva pfupi yapfuura mvumo yakabudiswa kune kutengesa mari kubva kune zvigadzirwa zvakakosha kwechiyero chakaenzana ne US $ 10,000. Muchiitiko ichi, kushandiswa kwepanyama kwemari haisi kungogumira munharaunda yeRussian Federation, iyo inonyanya kuwedzera simba ravo senhare yekutsvaga. Kwemazuva ano mune mari yedu yenyika kubva kune zvigadzirwa zvinokosha zvekutsvaga uye chinangwa chekuunganidza (chisingakanganwiki) chinobudiswa. Kuti tisakanganise pfungwa idzi mbiri, ngatiedzei kunzwisisa mavambo avo.

Chokutanga, mari yekuyeuchidza mari inoyeuchidzwa nguva dzose kune imwe chiitiko, apo mabhuku ekutsvaga haafaniri kuita saizvozvo. Chechipiri, mutengo wemari yezviyeuchidzo ndeyepamusoro kupfuura kudyara, nokuti munyaya iyi uhu hwekugadzirisa uye unyanzvi hwekugadzirwa kwemuenzaniso hunotorwa. Sangano rekuyeuchidza rekuyeuchidza rinoshandiswa uchishandisa mari yepamusoro yepamusoro (uchapupu), izvo zvisingatauri zvinokanganisa kukosha kwavo. Iko kukosha kwekutsvaga mabhuku kunotorwa kubva kukosha yesimbi inokosha yavanenge yaitwa. Uye, chechitatu, maererano nemitemo yeRussia, kushandiswa nemari yekusungirirwa kunotarisirwa kuVAT, asi mutemo uyu hauna kushandiswa nekutengesa nemari yemari yekutsinhanisa.

Iko kusati kwava neyo tsanangudzo imwechete yemari yekutsinhanisa mari mumutemo weRussian Federation. Asi Mutero Wemitero, iyo inopa urongwa hwekutengesa kubhadhara kubva kuVAT, ine chinangwa apo inorayirwa kuti kutengeserana nemari inokosha zvakasunungurwa kubva pamutengo unowedzera mutengo. Maererano nenyaya ino, chete kushanda nemari yemari kubva kune zvigadzirwa zvinokosha izvo zvisiri zvevatengesi hazvisi zveVAT. Pano panewo tsanangudzo inotungamirira kuti izvo chete zvienzanidzo zvakasimbiswa nehutano hwemhando yepamusoro inopa girazi pamusoro inosanganiswa mune mari inounganidza mari. Nokudaro zvinotevera kuti mari yesimbi inokosha inonzi kushandiswa, izvo, maererano nenzira yekubhadhara uye inyanzvi dzemagariro, zvinosangana nezvinodiwa zvekutsvaga zvinhu.