Wimbledon: kare, tsananguro, tsika

Tennis - ndeimwe revatongi mutambo. Izvi kunonyanya kukonzerwa Wimbledon, ane makore 130 enhau uye kuchengetedza tsika dzavo nhasi. Ndiye mumwe wevanhu vana vakawanda nomukurumbira Grand Slam Championship, vakabata All England Tennis uye tsvimbo Croquet.

A Nhoroondo shoma

Zvakatanga muna July 1877, apo nharaunda mukirabhu, kumaodzanyemba-kumadokero London (nzvimbo Worple Road), akabata makwikwi rokutanga tenesi, rakanga akapindwa nevanhu 22. The Tournament rakaitirwa chete vanhu anosarudza. The weNobel chaiva kugamuchira mubayiro 35 guineas, vakabhadhara chete mumwe makwikwi. Vatambi vaikwikwidzana 4 Mazuva, uye yokupedzisira mutambo akakwezva vaoni 200, izvo akapa vamwe mari musangano. The shasha wokutanga, akapinda zita rake munhoroondo mutambo, aiva womuchitoro womunharaunda Spencer Gore.

Kubvira 1884, pamusoro dare pakanga vokutanga vatorwa vechikamu uye chirongwa makwikwi iri nechimwe mukadzi uye kaviri. Vakundi vokutanga vaiva Maud Watson uye Renshaw hama, vakatungamirira kwemakore mashoma. Muna 1913, gore negore mutambo weInternational Federation akapiwa chinzvimbo wenyika ushasha (kwaiva matatu) pamusoro turf. Makwikwi vakanga hwakakanganiswa chete panguva First uye Second World Wars, kuva guru zvechokwadi chinoshamisa.

Sezvo 1922 mutambo yachinja nzvimbo, asi akaramba ari London nzvimbo - Church Road, apo Center Court pa 13 500 vanhu yakavakwa. Vanoiona vakakwezvwa kuitisa marotari siyana. Kufarira makwikwi kwakawedzera muna 1937, apo yokutanga TV yenhepfenyuro rakaitwa. Vamiririri mugovanisi nyika vakabatana kuti ndiitewo ushasha mumakore 50. Kubvira muna 1967, yokutanga Wimbledon Tennis mutambo wakanga wakashama nyanzvi, zvishoma nezvishoma akagamuchira mamiriro rimwe makwikwi anokosha ari mambure.

Courts, kuti unhani

Nhasi, sezvo chikamu tenesi kunzwisisa matare 19 uswa. Central, nokuwanda vanoiona iri zviuru 15 vanhu, uye Dare №1, akatanga muna 1928, vaviri chete mavhiki kushandiswa pagore munguva mutambo battleships. The makwikwi rinobatanidzwa uye Court №2, colloquially kuzivikanwa yemakuva vakundi, sezvo kazhinji munzvimbo yaro kutambura kukundwa vatambi. On Center Court muna 2009, yakavakwa ine zvishoma nezvishoma mumatope nedenga kana mvura. Electricity haina kushandiswa, saka mitambo vari airidza chete masikati.

The uswa vakaradzikwa mabhanzi, zvikuru yakura kuYorkshire. Soil sezvamunoita haina pachena. We chete kuti patsangadzi rinoumbwa rye uye fescue mhando mbiri, kuti vatarisire vanhu 14 dzinotungamirirwa ane agronomist, chinzvimbo chiri nomukurumbira chaizvo. Sward kukwirira - 8 mm, kuti iri unhani yakadaro kutamba Tennis. Wimbledon aiva nemukurumbira ndechokuti musi Mapedhi ake nguva dzose dzinobhururuka njiva, iyo panguva imwe nguva rakaparadzwa gondo. Zvino kushandiswa zvikuru humán nzira.

The Kuronga

Kwevhiki mbiri, Wimbledon anova nzvimbo makwikwi nenyanzvi vatambi kwete chete playing digits mashanu, asi juniors uye vakwegura, uyewo muwiricheya vanozvishandisa. Kusvikira 1924 rapfuura vakundi zvaingova ose kudaidzwa, asi pashure pokutonga kuchinja dzakadyarwa vatambi uye kuzochera iri National hwaro, umo vakundi vane yakaenzana ezvinhu nevamwe vatambi. Pakatanga muna 1973, zvinzvimbo ATP varega kuona Kuronga zvikwata pokuita nyika nemisanganiswa.

Wimbledon akasiyana nevamwe pakuti seeding 32 vatambi hakubvi pamutemo chepamusoro, asi kubva migumisiro zvesimba kubva vatambi pamusoro matare uswa mumakore achangodarika. Setsika, panguva 3 masvondo ari avaida Wimbledon makwikwi "Masters" dzaitevedzana kugadzirira mutambo pauswa - the uchitsanya tenesi pfungwa ne pasi dauka pamusoro bhora.

tsika

The makwikwi akasungwa pasi patronage mumhuri youmambo Great Britain, saka akasiyanisa mumwe Rumhangapanga uye kunyatsoomerera kuchengeta tsika. Varongi regai kubva musi rikatungamirira Countdown kubva 1st August neMuvhuro. Pakuverenga 6 mavhiki, saka mutambo 2016 akatanga musi wa27 June. Arena uye chikonzero vari yakashongedzwa rwegirini uye magenta, sezvo ivo vari mukuru makwikwi. Vatambi vanosungirwa azviise rokwe jena aine chikamu chiduku inoisa ose Wedding kwerima guru. Judges kureva varume vechikamu ndekwokuda nezita, kuti vakadzi - pamwe chivakashure "Miss" kana "Mrs".

Traditional kumutambo Wimbledon - gumi mastrawberry pamwe cream. It vakauya kubva British mapurazi, apo zvikuru akura vaenzi. Sezvo kusukwa uye pakukurukura chirimwa kunosvika shoma pane zuva rimwe. Nokuti makwikwi nguva unopisa zvuru 150 kwamahwendefa.

dzinonakidza zvinhu

Male vakundi vanogamuchira mubayiro muchimiro mukombe gilded sirivha. Women - a sirivha tireyi. Asi chikuru chinhu - zviri muripo wemari, izvo zvinowanzoita kuti vawedzere ose gore. Muna 2016 Wimbledon akamutsa mubayiro mari ne 5%. Somugumisiro, zviri akaenzana miriyoni 28.1 makirogiramu (pamusoro US $ miriyoni 41). Vakundi mu anosarudza - Briton Endi Marrey uye American Serena Williams - akatambira anokwana mamiriyoni 2 makirogiramu. kuenzana ichi anotungamirira Countdown kusvika 2007, kunyange zvazvo nenyanzvi dzakawanda vanofunga kuti kururama, nekuti varume vanopedza pamusoro dare muna 2 nguva yakawanda nokutamba nguva.

Kubvira 1977, miziyamu wakazaruka Mafuro London. Wimbledon rinowanikwa dzinonakidza Exhibits uye-dimensional matatu chizvaro chimiro Dzhona Makinroya, achiudza inonakidza mutambo. The miziyamu dzimba Maria Sharapova nemapfekero - Kumukundi of mutambo muna 2004 gore. The Zvivako unoshanda yegore, kuvhara masuo aro panguva mutambo.

Pakati rekodhi nhamba okukunda - Tennis vatambi vanenge akahwina musoro ka7: Steffi Graf, Uilyam Renshou, Pete Sampras uye Roger Federer. Martina Navratilova akakwanisa kuzviita 9 nguva, wokupedzisira - aine makore 46.