Yerevan: Population uye nhoroondo pfupi muguta

Kudeuka guta Armenia uye rimwe remaguta ekare munyika nhasi ine vagari vanopfuura miriyoni. zita rake chokuita rudzi yaigara imwe nguva mune idzi, ipapo mazita vabati, kana kwete ngano yemafashamo. Ngano ane nayo kuti chazezesa Noa vakashevedzera: "! Zvino" "Erevats", izvo zvinoreva, Kunyangwe kuona nyika uye kuti mafashamo mvura tsvina. The chiitiko chakaitika chete panzvimbo zvino guta guru Armenia. Chero zvakanga, vagari Yerevan anosika nhoroondo yeguta racho kwezviuru zvemakore.

Mujinga nhare Erebuni

Musi rokuvambwa guta-nhare Erebuni kuruboshwe kumahombekombe Ararat mumupata (ari parwizi Araks) anonzi kuva 782 BC. Mambo Urartu - wekare mamiriro, yaiva mukati miganhu yanhasi Armenia, kumabvazuva Turkey, kuchamhembe-yokumadokero Iran uye zvionera Republic of kuAzerbaijan, Argishti I mugore rechishanu rekutonga kwake, akasimbisa yokugara itsva, iyo gare gare raishandiswa senzira muzinda kungofamba munharaunda kweLake Sevan uye kudzivirirwa Ararat mumupata. Ruins, maererano nengano, akava utiziro omuBhaibheri Noa nemhuri yake vari pamberi mafashamo uye pashure, vaakawana kwakadziva kumadokero cheguta ano pasi zita Yerevan.

Vagari wakakombwa pakupera remakore rechisere BC vakanga vainyanya vasungwa (pasi dzimwe shanduro - varwi) kubva kumadokero kumatunhu ari Armenian ebani, izvo, chokwadi, basa chokuita nheyo guta. Kuyeukwa chinyorwa chacho wakasara ibwe pamusoro pechikomo uye yaMakoronike. vagari Yerevan kwaiitwa ipapo yaiva 6.600. Kwapera nguva, iyo nhare rakaparadzwa, pashure izvo uchapupu guta zvakanyorwa iripo. Zvinozivikanwa kuti muzana remakore rechitatu BC, Yerevan, vanhu iro ipapo vaiva muKristu kana Manichean vomunharaunda yakapfuurira kurarama pasi pokutonga mumwe "mutongi."

Taurai zviri "Mubhuku Letters"

Medieval Yerevan aiva munzvimbo kusingaperi Iranian-Byzantine hondo uye akava chigaro nguva nenguva kumukira vomunzvimbo. Panguva iyo akawana kutaurwa veguta Armenian zvinyorwa vokutanga - "Book Tsamba". Uyezve, zvinozivikanwa kuti muzana remakore rechigumi nemana, guta raiva nevanhu vanenge gumi kusvika makumi maviri nezviviri vanhu, uye Yerevan yaiva tsika muzinda unokosha. Zvisinei, vagari vemo akanga zvikuru wakaderedzwa pashure pokukundwa kubudikidza Tamerlane, uye dzimwe dzimba kuti ikozvino zvava nhoroondo Zvivako zvakaparadzwa.

Arena hweOttoman-Safavid hondo

A chakakomba nezvainoita wevanotungamirira ezvinhu munharaunda uye national Kuronga vemo vakambova kunoparadza hondo pakati hweOttoman Empire uye Safavids, uye muArabhu, iyo vatongi dzemo kudyara nokukakavara opedzisira vomunzvimbo yacho. Sezvineiwo akaderedza Armenian hwevanhu, uye muna 1580 mauto hweOttoman anenge akaparadza guta uye akakunda 60,000 vaMuslim nevaKristu.

Kuchatsiviwa nesimba akarayira kushaya vose vemo Persia kuna kuvaOttoman vakapinda vakatapudzika nyika, ipapo chete kupisa zvose nzira yayo, Kurarama nzvimbo madzinza anongofamba. Somuenzaniso, muna nemitanhatu remakore Yerevan (population chete vaiva madzinza anongofamba), Karabakh uye yakapinda musangano akatora mhuri zviuru makumi mashanu, uye nokukurumidza uwandu vagari vakawanza kakawanda.

Somugumisiro hondo refu uye mukuru kusagadzikana munzvimbo muna 1804, aigara muguta dzinokwana vanhu vanenge zviuru zvitanhatu. Zvisinei, makore makumi maviri gare gare, vanhu yakanga vanhu vanopfuura zviuru makumi maviri.

Erivan dunhu

Chokutanga nezvayo mashoko pamusoro nhamba uye kwemarudzi Kuronga vanhu Yerevan akazviratidza yokutanga yezana rechigumi nemapfumbamwe remakore, kana guta rakava guta guru Armenian nharaunda mukati Russian Empire (kuumbwa Yerevan, kana Erivan, dunhu pamwe musimboti muguta Yerevan). Population (rudzi ano vagari inokurukurwa pazasi) Saka zvikuru vatamira Persia, saka kuti uwandu vagari vemo shoma, zvinosvika 11 300 vanhu 1833.

The National Zvinoumba yevanhu veguta (maererano nemashoko nokuda 1829) yakakamurwa sezvinotevera:

• VokuArmenia Kwairatidza 36% vomunharaunda vagari;
• Azerbaijanis vakanga anenge 64% wezvizvarwa;
• Russian, Yezidi uye Kurds muguta haana zvachose.

Pakazosvika ramakumi remakore, vagari Yerevan yawedzera vanhu vanoda kusvika zviuru makumi matatu. Sezvineiwo achinja uye dzinza sezvamunoita. Muna 1897, kwaiva 43% kubva vokuArmenia, Azerbaijanis - 42%, Russian - 9,5%, Yezidis uye Kurds - 0.22%, mamwe marudzi - 4,5%.

Senzira Russian Empire uye mamiriro dzematunhu guta Yerevan anochengeta chimiro amachinda musha. Production kugona vakanga anomiririrwa mafekitari akawanda omunharaunda, zvidhina mafekitari cognac, uye nenzira yakamanikana mumigwagwa rwakatambanudzwa one- uye vaviri-storey madhaka dzimba.

Yerevan muSoviet Union

With pakagadzwa simba Soviet Yerevan yakava guta guru reRepublic of Armenia. Angotanga huru-pamwero vavakezve guta:

• magetsi, mvura uye sewerage hurongwa rwaiitwa;
• zvinenge zvose Zvivako avaka pamberi, yakanga yaparadzwa;
• migwagwa itsva akaisa uye akarongeka dondo rabha kuti kudzivirira kubva muguruva yemadutu guta;
• akavaka nemagariro zvinhu: dzemitambo, panodonedzerwa ekare, mamiziyamu uye sezvivako.

Mumakore iwayo nokushingaira yakatanga Yerevan. Population, iyo iri kuwedzera nokukurumidza, rakava munyika vaifarira. Saka, kana pakutanga kwezana remakore rechimakumi maviri, ari vokuArmenia Kwairatidza 43% vomuUmambo, ipapo 1959 nhamba yavo yakawedzera kusvika 93%. Gore iroro, uwandu chavagari Yerevan aiva vanhu hafu yemiriyoni.

Current vokuparidzira

Inexorable nguva kukwanisa kutsakatisa guta kubva mepu - Nhasi guta guru kuzvimirira Armenia ndiye Yerevan. Vagari maguta kupfuura nyika ine vanhu vanopfuura miriyoni, nekurangarira kuti chimwe muzvitatu zvose vagere mamiriro. Vanopfuura 64% of vagari yeArmenia (Armenian vokuparidzira vanhu vanenge mamiriyoni matatu) vanogara mumaguta makuru (Yerevan, Gyumri uye Vanadzor), saka kuti munyika mune yakakwirira azvipire urbanization. Hafu yeguta chavagari anogara zvakananga Yerevan.

National sezvamunoita

Maererano vaverengwe vanhu yeArmenia 2001 (ndiro rokupedzisira chairo Data), dzinza akafanana chinopiwa nemapoka akadai:

• Armenian (98.5%);
• Russian (0.5%);
• Yezids (0.31%);
• Ukrainian (0.06%).

Also kuwanikwa Yerevan, vaPezhiya, vaGiriki, Georgians, Kurds uye vaAsiria.