Armenian rwenze - gomo nharaunda iri kuchamhembe Asia Minor. An rekare mamiriro munharaunda yacho Armenian Highland

Kokutanga rokuti "Armenian Highland" akazviratidza 1843 ari monograph Hermann Vilgelma Abiha. Izvi aiongorora uye geologist, Russian-German uyo ambopedza nguva muSouth Caucasus, uye gare gare sezvaari ino zita munharaunda. Pari pamusoro kwayakatangira sezvo nhaka Armenian vanhu kuitika gakava zvikuru. Zvisinei, munyaya tichakurukura akasiyana pfungwa maonero, uyewo preconditions yacho chaiko.

vakaita Armenian Plateau sei?

Ndima iyi runobva kuna Alpine-eHimalaya gomo hurongwa. Kare Yakanga yakafukidzwa nemvura yekare Tethys Ocean, izvo kunosimbiswa zvakawanikwa pakuchera matongo owana panyika akaturikidzana :. Various zvasara korari hove, dzemugungwa, etc. Nokuti paleontologists ndiyo mukana wakanaka kuongorora akasiyana-siyana kasvisto uye Fauna of nguva. A chikonzero paumbwe Caucasian makomo, Armenian dzakakwirira, Tibet (sezvo nzvimbo pedyo) akatambanudza akavabudisa mugungwa mvura sezvinotevera.

The kudhumhana Eurasian uye yeArabia protrusion Gondwana akazviratidza Caucasus uye Armenian rwenze. Kurwisana pakati reIndia uye Eurasia kwakaita kuti chokwadi chokuti sedimentary akaturikidzana penyanza pasi, iyo akarara pakati mahwendefa maviri, yakaunyana uye akakwira. Izvi zvakatungamirira kuti paumbwe eHimalaya, Tibet nevamwe pamakomo nzvimbo dzakakwirira.

The Neogene Highlands nguva zhinji anenge akatsemura pasi pokudzora pezviri kwemakomo. Lava, iro wakadururwa pamusoro pasi goko ruchitsemuka, ndokudzora Nhindi dzakakwirira. Yazadza rinenge pepasi nzvimbo basalt strata. To musi, Plateau iri mu ari Near East. With kumativi mana rakakomberedzwa dzimwe nzvimbo - Asia Minor uye Iranian Plateau, Gungwa Black uye Mesopotamian mubani.

Mountain nzvimbo dzidzo

Armenian Highland ane vakawanda refu neeSultan gomo, guru namaketani kuputika pasikweya, uyewo mamwe anoputika nokutsakatika. The yakakwirira nharaunda vanoti Great Ararat gomo. It ane kukwirira 5165 mamita. Several maduku Zvikanganiso Ararat (3925 metres) neGomo Süphan (4434 metres), izvo dziri muTurkey. In Armenia, pane gomo Aragats, ine nekukwirira 4090 metres uye muna Iran - Sabalan (4821 mita) uye Sahend (3707 mamita).

Chii ndima ndiyo chikamu Highlands

Unofanirawo zvinyore chii nharaunda dziri pamusoro kwaro ichi, kuti zvinosanganisira. Somuenzaniso, imwe hondo yose Armenian rwenze - ndiyo nharaunda yose Armenia uye Turkey, kumadokero chikamu Iran uye Azerbaijan, South Georgia.

peculiarities mundima

rwenze Uyu mumwe kupfuura avo akaumba dhaka. Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, ayo akavamba vakadaro kuti akasiyana nguva Nyika, nzvimbo iyi inini achinje mamiriro avo. Ipapo akasimuka kuti pegungwa somugumisiro wacho kudhumhana mahwendefa, kwakaguma pleated chimiro, vanorambana, kusunungura kubva Earth yakawanda dhaka. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti vamwe makomo kuti dziri rwenze adzima anoputika (semuenzaniso, Ararat), uye iye anonzi munhu seismically kusagadzikana nzvimbo.

Kukwirira Armenian yemugomo nhasi - 1500-1800 metres pamusoro pegungwa. Zviri zvakawanda pedyo Iranian rwenze uye Anatolian rwenze. Kana isu kutaura pamusoro Plateau nzvimbo, ndizvo 400 zviuru mativi makiromita.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa pano kuti ndiye tsime nzizi akadai rwaYufratesi, Tigirisi, Araks, sheche zhinji. Chinenge rwizi dzose Armenian rwenze izere ne snowmelt uye kunonaya. Uyewo mvura pool nharaunda kuti vakawanda madhamu (chikuru - Sevan, Van, Urmia).

An rekare mamiriro munharaunda yacho Highlands

Nzvimbo iyi yagara vemo. Sezvo Geological maumbirwo, zvaitora ano chitarisiko kwakaregwa. Chokwadi, kusimbisa vamwe paruzhinji masangano anogona kuwanikwa bedzi rengano kana ecuneiform yaMakoronike mamwe marudzi (more akadzidza).

The mukuru wehurumende ari Armenian dzakakwirira iyo rakanyorwawo uye matongo (Zvakafukunurwa), anonzi Urartu. It yave iripo kubvira IX remakore BC. e. kuti VI remakore BC. e. Ichatonga zvine mbiri mamiriro Urartu ndeimwe huru nzvimbo iri Near East. Kana ukawira kuora, kureva. E. akanga nevaMedhiya, nzvimbo yakava chikamu Achaemenid mamiriro.

Uyezve idzodzo dziri munharaunda inoti akaburukira chokwadi kuti vari II remakore BC. e. ipapo akaumba Mukuru Armenia, unova kutanga uye paucheche rudzi ano.

Armenia anoti guru ezvinhu Urartu - sezvo madzitateguru yekare vokuArmenia. Zvisinei, kutaura uku debatable, sezvo hapana akavimbika uchapupu nokusatya ichi. Mamwe masayendisiti anodavira kuti vakawanda chokwadi vari nyore falsified.

Nhaka yekare

Chero zvakanga, asi munharaunda yacho Highlands, kunyanya Munguva ichangopfuura, ndivo zvinoshamisa zvinoratidza inotitaurira sei akararama madzitateguru edu, chii vaiva netsika dzavo, mararamiro uye zvichingodaro. D. The rekare mamiriro munharaunda yacho Armenian ebani, zvinoitika, iye akasiya nhaka yake isu, vana vavo.

Archaeological Kucherwa pedo negomo Portasar kwakaita kuti chokwadi kuti kwakanga akawana zvakaoma temberi, raiva imwe yakawanda yekare nguva kupfuura kunyange muIjipita mapiramidhi (saka, zvinganzi vakati vemunyika vanogara pano kare, rwave LEVEL okukura) . Pari, mana temberi akawanikwa, zviri kutarisirwa kuwana kunyange gumi navatanhatu.

mazana maviri chete kubva Yerevan akawana kuvakwa, izvo chimiro chayo afanane Stonehenge, asi kwakatangira kupfuura yekare. Zviri vakawanda pakati vertically amire nematanda ane pamusoro kuburikidza buri. Uye kana ukatarira pasi Karavundzh (zita mamiriro), ipapo tinogona kutaura kuti chimiro chayo nowenyika renyeredzi Cygnus.

Zvakavanzika kuti akasiya madzitateguru

Mumwe aripo sokuti asingagadzirisiki zvakavanzika kuti kugara pfungwa masayendisiti, muri vashoma zvinhu dzawanikwa munharaunda Armenia. Mumwe wavo ari chidhori shiri, yakawanikwa Eastern Armenia ari manonwe remakore rapfuura. Chokwadi kuti zera rake - makore anenge zviuru zvitatu, uye mashoko kubva icho chinoitwa harizivikanwi modernity. Hapana ano mudziyo kukwanisa vanoipwanya.

Chimwe kuwanikwa kuti zvakashamisa masayendisiti vaiva matomu simbi namabhiza. Ivo kwakatanga imwe nguva uye akawana kuti shiri, asi zvinoshamisa kwazvo zvichengeteke. Uyezve, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti zvigadzirwa simbi akatanga kuita nguva yokutanga kumwe mumakore ane chiuru kwapera.

Nokuda Zvakawanikwa izvi, mamwe masayendisiti anodavira kuti chidzoke rokutanga dzomunyika yakaitika yakati yapfuura pane kushandiswa kuonekwa. Vamwe kunyange vanoti vakaita kwamuka nzvimbo ano Armenian dzakakwirira vanenge zviuru gumi apfuura.

Vamwe gakava kwakabatana nzvimbo iyi

Achitaura zita nzvimbo pakati nevatsvakurudzi neshungu gakava. Vamwe vanoti zvinoratidza nhoroondo pakanyorwa nezvokuti pano emakore vokuArmenia akararama. vaongorori izvi vanodavira kuti ndiyo marudzi aya kutanga kugadziriswa nzvimbo iyi kunyange munguva dzekare. naivowo kutaura kusiyana pakati vokuArmenia, nokuti Highlands, kwavaigara - paucheche kwenzanga zvose. Kusimbiswa hunowanikwa siyana zvekare, panguva matongo Zvakafukunurwa, kunyange rimwe remabhuku ekare - Bhaibheri.

Zvisinei, dzimwe vatsvakurudzi vari norupokano mhedziso zvose zvakadaro. About zita ivo vanotaura chokwadi kuti chete muna 1843 zvakava rutivi muupenyu tichionga enhoroondo Henry Abikh. Pavaifamba, iye Akaperekedzwa vamiririri pakati Armenian Church nevatungamiriri Armenian, saka kuti zvose zvaakanga aona, uye chaipiwa sezvo nhaka pakati Armenian tsika. Chikamu ichi Vatsvakurudzi anoti Armenia nhoroondo yakakwana kune dzimwe nyika, dzakadai Herodotus, uyo anotaura ari zvaakanyora kuti rudzi, rinoti vokuArmenia vari okumusoro kunosvika rwaYufratesi, pedyo veFrigia, uye duku regomo pedyo kutanga rwizi Galis.

Kana tikafunga zita Highlands, kare zvazikamwa sezvo al-Zazavan. Ibn Hawqal (X Arab munyori remakore), uyo akarondedzera nyika zvaakanyora, anoti zvakawanda zvipupuriro ari Turkish uye Azerbaijani (tsika, mararamiro, etc ..). Mukuwedzera, vatsvakurudzi vanodavira zvakaipa kufunga kuti zviri munzvimbo iyi akatora nzvimbo mubhaibheri zviitiko Mafashamo, nokuti dzimwe muAreka yaNoa kuwanikwa panzvimbo iyi.

Chero zvakanga, zvakaoma chaizvo kuziva kuti chokwadi pamusoro yezvakaitika kare munzvimbo iyi. Chokwadi, kana musingadi wekuvamba nguva muchina. Naizvozvo, kusawirirana zvose zvinofanira inobva chete pane chokwadi vakawana kuburikidza zvakawanikwa pakuchera matongo tsvakurudzo akawana zvinhu.

mhedziso

Armenian rwenze - iri nyika ine nhoroondo refu uye akapfuma aine asingakanganwiki Zvakawanikwa nemisha yekare uye marudzi. zvekungofungira avo kuti dzekare uye vanoongorora munzvimbo pamusoro kupfuura kare, zvakaoma sei kuti urambe kana kusimbisa. Simple munhuwo zvake anogona chete kuyeva kujairika zvakawanikwa uye kuti kufungidzira kuti vakashandiswa madzitateguru vekare.