Zita Real Utesova. Biography Leonid Utesov

Tarisa uye edza kuwana munhu haazivi kunaka Odessa? "Nokuti Odessa" kanenge kamwe takanzwa zvachose vose venyika yedu. Vamwe vave ikoko ufuridzire nayo zvikuru mhepo, vamwe rudo wake uye kuziva kubva mumabhuku, mafirimu uye nziyo. Sezvo vanoti mu Odessa, "Unoda nziyo? Vane ini! "Uye muimbi wekutanga uye muimbi uyo anouya mupfungwa iyi, Chokwadi, Leonid Utesov. Zita chairo iri ngano iri yemitambo ose, mabhaisikopo uye music - Vaysbeyn uye zita chairo - Razaro kana Leiser. Neimba rakatumidzwa nyore Ledyaev Ledechka.

Uduku muna Odessa

Leonid Osipovich Utesov Biography March 22 vakatanga, 1895 (mu maenisaikoropidhiya anoratidza musi 21 Kurume) muguta Odessa. Zvadaro, pane nhamba 11 uri mativi divi mumugwagwa mukomana akaberekwa akanga kuva nomukurumbira pachake uye vakakudza guta rake akatongerwa. Makore akawanda gare gare, I yakachinja zita mukoto padare Utesova.

Vaysbeyn Family (zita chairo Utesova) raiva guru - baba namai navana vashanu. Baba, Joseph (Osip) Kalmanovich aishanda forwarder pachiteshi chengarava, amai - waMalka Moiseevna - akamira achidzora mhuri yake, nokudzora zvose imba (kusanganisira murume) noruoko yakasimba. mai vechiJudha uye mukadzi - ndiye "chinhu vakaparadzana," saka hakuna munhu akapandukira matriarchy mumba ari mativi divi mumugwagwa. Ledechka, sezviri pachena nhaka hasha amai, aisagona mumatauriro hwake. Asi kana waMalka Moiseevna akatuma hunhu wako kugadzirisa mhuri nyaya - utariri wake nevana, hondo kukunda chete mutengesi musi Privoz, ari Ledyaev akarisasa vamwe kunze kuimba yababa vake.

Chokutanga, akashanda nesimba uye zvinobudirira vakarwa, uye kunyange akava yakati mumwe kukurumbire iri vakomana 'nzanga Odessa. Chechipiri, Ledyaev Vaysbeyn ndiye chete mudzidzi adzingwa Commercial College Faig - masangano, raizivikanwa worupo murayiro. Mumazuva iwayo, vaJudha (uye zita chairo Utesova, sezvo tinorangarira, Jewish) aigona pamusana 5 chete% of uwandu vadzidzi sangano chero dzidzo muRussia. Faig chete aiva mvumo kugamuchira 50% yevana vakasarudzwa vanhu. Ledyaev Vaysbeyn (zita chairo Utesova) kana rova, kana doused mune ingi rimwe vadzidzisi uye akanga adzingwa madziro tsika zvachose. Nokukurumidza, wechiduku hoodlum wemaricho ari anofambira sekasi Borodanova nezvenzvimbo "munyori Bill" uye vakasiya guta.

anongofamba upenyu

Munguva sekasi, akadzidza kufamba patambo yakakakwa, kuti trapeze, kuti varaidza vateereri ari muchimiro "tsvuku-haired chigure." Pokolesil maguta nemisha, muna 1912 Ledyaev akadzokera Odessa uye akaenda kubasa yemitambo mutambo uye farce kuna Skowronski. Zvisinei, akaita nazvo mamiriro: "Hapana Vaysbeyn" (zita chairo Utesov) - uye vamurayira kusarudza akakwirira zita. Young Artist akaziva zano chaizvoizvo uye akatanga kusarudza remadunhu-, mukuwirirana nezita chikomo: Rocks, Gorin, Gorsky, uye pakupedzisira kuti Cliffs. Panguva iyoyo ndakanga achinja Ledyu musi Lenya.

Kubvira Utesova zita chairo achazivikanwa chete rakamanikana mhuri denderedzwa. nyika yake kuziva uye kuda pamwe idzva zita "kutobaya".

"Ko iwe kudana chikepe ..."

Muna 1913, achangobva Leonid Utesov (zita chairo havazombofi aonekwa playbills) akapinda munhandare yemitambo miniatures, iri muguta Kremenchug. Pano chinoshamisa chepanzvimbo basa akabvisa.

Wechidiki Artist yakabudisa zvinobatsira pasi unoti "Kubva nhamo kusvika trapeze." Mutambo rakanga rakawanda maawa. First Leonid mitambo kubva zvinoshamisa chaitwa, ipapo vaiimba chiito operetta, pashure akaimba violin rokutanga violin nevatatu ipapo vairidza pantomime. Asi kwete ndizvozvo zvose. Zvino satirical couplets, chinosetsa nyaya, kutamba, rwiyo, Parody, juggling, uye yokupedzisira - ichibhururuka pamusoro trapeze. Akanga chaizvo zvakanaka, kunyanya Odessa. A guru kukuchidzira kuti tarenda-chinja muduku mutambi aiva mambo akakurumbira pakati nyikadzimu - Misha Yaponchik (Vinnitsa zita rake chairo). Leonid Utesov, iye kanopfuura kamwe vakabatsira panyaya chokuita ake (Mishkin) "Department".

muchato

Kufanana chero nevakawanda yokudhirowa, uye kunyanya vechiduku uye inopisa, Leonid akazviratidza zvakawanda vachivakuza. Uyezve, iye anogara ane aidanana nemumwe wake zvesimba. A akawana wechidiki mutambi Elena Goldina (Lena) muna 1914. Pasina vaiva mwanasikana akaberekwa Edith. Muchikamu ichi mhuri dzavo vakapona anotevera 48 makore. Elena, uyewo waMalka kamwe, akatora achidzora chikepe mhuri mumaoko avo, uye nokuvonga kwaari, akagara yerera kwenguva refu.

chinoshamisa chepanzvimbo upenyu

Leonid Utesov nekurova zvakasiyana dzemitambo: Big uye Small Richelieu, Miniature Theater muguta Kherson, munhu Mobile yemitambo "waMosesi". Kuwedzera yemitambo kuitika, wechiduku mutambi akazviratidza pachikuva. Muna 1917 iye akahwina makwikwi kupletistov rakaitirwa Gomel. Muna 1919 iye akaridza chiduku basa firimu "refutenendi Schmidt -. Rusununguko murwi"

Mune maviri ari Cliffs nemhuri yake vakatamira pakutanga kuMoscow ndokuzoenda Leningrad. Iye akapfuura kubva imwe yemitambo mumwe, haana kugara kwenguva refu.

Kutanga Jazz kwaya

Izvi "flutter" kusvikira 1928, apo Leonid Utesov pakupedzisira akawana rudo rwake chikuru - jazz. Zvino panguva rwendo nemhuri yake Paris. Ikoko akapinda chokupika the American Jazz Orchestra vachitungamirirwa Teda Lyuisa, uye akafara nezvaakanga aona uye anzwa. Kumusha, Leonid kugona kuronga kwavo Jazz Band, yaakakudanirai "Tea-Jazz". Ipapo zita zvakachinja kakawanda (State Jazz Orchestra of RSFSR, Hurumende ezvokunwa kwaya RSFSR), asi chaikosha ndechokuti chikwata aikwanisa kuridza Jazz muna Soviet Russia, inova marimba mirayiridzo, sezvizvi, kutaura mudukusa, kufungira.

Pakutanga, mumhanzi vakaridza kazhinji dzimwe nziyo, zvisinei, nokukurumidza akaita hwaro repertoire ake zvikuru rakanyorwa nziyo uye richishanda zvidimbu. A kufarira munyori akanga Isaac Dunaevskii - shamwari Leonid Utesov.

"Jolly Vakomana"

Dzakakurumbira kuzivikanwa uye Vanya Utesovu uye chikwata chake vakauya mubasa yakakurumbira firimu Alexandrov "Jolly Vakomana", rakabudiswa muna 1934. Pashure zvachose vose vagere munyika akatanga nziyo dzake uye kudzidza chiso mutambi wacho.

Hondo uye pashure pehondo makore

Panguva WWII, Leonid Utesov akaenda Concerts pamberi, vairamba pasi kubhomba uye kutokonora, asi iye akaramba achitaura pamberi nemasoja.

Pakapera hondo, mumhanzi Utesov kuzoona nyika, mutsika kutsigira vomunyika, nekuti, mune mashoko orwiyo ake, "Hatina kuvaka rwiyo uye kutibatsira kurarama." Mumakore akatevera, kuti seboka akaramba konzati basa vakatanga zvesimba paredhiyo terevhizheni, kugadzira zvinyorwa. Utesova mwanasikana, Edith, akazviratidza nababa vake - aiva ano pamwe kwaya ake.

In ake kuderera makore

Muna 1962 akafa wake Elena. Pasinei refu kufanana noukama Antonina vanotozvifarira, vapukunyuke rufu rwomudiwa vakatendeukira kuna Leonid Osipovich mutsekwende.

Amira kutaura, uye akarurama kunze zvakakodzera chaizvo kusiya imba. Antonina wechokwadi akaramba pedyo, asi pamutemo Cliffs zvaaipiwa makore 20 chete gare gare, pashure mwanasikana rufu muna 1982 kubva kurwara. Asi mufaro waiva pfupi. Mwedzi mishomanana gare gare, Leonid Osipovich akafa ava namakore 87.

Pasinei chokwadi kuti vazhinji hwake Utesov akagara Leningrad, nguva dzose akaramba Odessa. Zvino, makore 30 pashure pokufa kwake, kufunga murume uyu, tinoona mumigwagwa zuva-chakwata, tinonzwa pamiromo wakawanda gungwa nemhepo uye kunzwa:

"Pane guta kuti ndinoona muchiroto,
Oh, iwe kana chete aiziva sei dzinodiwa
PaGungwa Black uyo akazviratidza kwandiri
Maruva acacias guta ... "