Zvakanakisisa nemakapeti Tabasaran: tsananguro, mazano, zvinhu uye wongororo

Dagestan ndiye nomusimboti dzakaitwa nemaoko makapeti kurukiswa mundima weRussia. Nevamwe zviri Dagestani nemakapeti vari pfuma mapatani nezvaaiitawo pachena nziyo uye ruvara zvirongwa. Nhamba All vari ruvara uye zvakanaka chakarukirwa, dzinokosha mazano vari kusiyaniswa makuru saizi. The rakarukwa chigadzirwa kunoratidzwa mubatanidzwa noushamwari uye muchitonhorera mavara.

Dagestan kapeti kurukiswa

Popular munyika Dagestan murwi nemakapeti anobudiswa kumaodzanyemba reRepublic. Conventionally, muenzaniso vari rakakamurwa nezvemarudzi mana akasiyana zvishongo, arambe achirema uye dutu length:

• Lezgin - "Akhty", "micro", "Kasumkent";
• Derbent - "Derbent";
• Rutul - "Rutul";
• Tabasaran - "rushul", "HIV", "Tabasaran".

To kuumba nepanhovo "HIV" nevamwe zvinhu vari murwi refu (6 mm) uye uwandu nodes (yakasungirirwa 10 masendimita ²⁾ kuti 1764 zvidimbu. Nemamwe kapeti zvinhu uye uwandu nodes idukusa 1600.

Features Tabasaranskiy nemakapeti

Kare, chinonyanya kukosha zvemumba vaionekwa Tabasaran nemakapeti vari dzakaitwa nemaoko. mitengo yavo akanga akakwirira, kuti pashure kutengeswa imwe mhuri kwemwedzi anopfuura matanhatu aigona kurarama zvakanaka. rugs akadaro ukoshi semutongo nemudzimai mabhiza uye vashoma vedzimba mombe zviduku.

Tabasaran nemakapeti vakasiyana nevamwe hurefu, chakavanzika icho imhaka rinokosha mabikirwo mukugadzira yepamusoro mutsvuku. Nokuti ichi chinangwa, mukuru-shinda makwai uye kuonesa nayo namavara siyana pamwe dzinongoitika madhayi: walnuts omuti, gavakava, barberry.

Kare, imba imwe neimwe yaiva muchina dzokurukisa. Kana usina kushandisa navo, akanyatsoriongorora namambo mumwe chete dzakaparara uye zvakachengetwa kusvikira nguva yakadai inodiwa. Musikana ari roora pamusoro Tabasaran aigara duku makapeti rugs makuru maviri nomumwe. Muchiitiko chino, mumwe anofanira weaved maoko ake, ari nyaya zvakanyanyisa mwenga aifanira kutora chikamu mune kwayo pakusikwa.

Munguva dzekare, nokuti unhu rugs chinoitirwa naye akabvumira kumhanya mabhiza, akasiya kwamazuva mashoma ari mvura uye zuva, dzimwe nguva zvakakangwa. The kapeti aifanira kuramba yaro yepakutanga chimiro: chete unyanzvi mushandi anogona kuratidza unhu basa ravo. The yakanakisisa nemakapeti Tabasaran akashumira varidzi dzavo kwemakore anopfuura mazana matatu nemakore.

Kugadzira nemakapeti Tabasaranskiy

Zvinonzi vaidavira kuti Dagestani uye Tabasaran nemakapeti - chetezvo. Asi chete kumaodzanyemba Dagestan vakachengetedza dzamaoko rokuita rugs. basa rakadaro nesimba anoitwa chete vakadzi. Carpet vairuka unyanzvi mushandi neshamwari, vavakidzani, hama. Zvinoitika kuti munhu muchina vanoshanda uye vakadzi matanhatu. Vanotaura, nziyo, udza kusetsa nyaya, kukurukurirana. Dzimwe nguva imwe kapeti mishonga akasika mwedzi anopfuura mashanu. Carpet kugadzira rokusunga nokusunungura mapfundo. On rimwe raiva pedyo nebundu iri nyanzvi needlewoman zvinotora kusvika mumasekonzi maviri, uye zuva vanobvumirana zviuru anenge masere. Zvinokosha kuziva kuti duku dhende inogona kuverengwa vanopfuura mamiriyoni matatu uzelochki izvi.

On pachirukiso, riri pakati imba, kudhonza shinda chena. Ivo ave mhando kanivhasi nayo muenzaniso nechirukwa chakarukirwa. On hwaro ichi, shinda multi-mavara vanotanga vasunge nokusunungura mapfundo, izvo wana zvishoma nezvishoma imwe vakakwana.

Tufted rugs akarembera pamasvingo kuti ashongedze musha.

Napless kapeti "muchetura Ivy" izvo rinofukidza pasi, anomira pakati vamwe inokosha kurukiswa unyanzvi. On the neizvi divi kuramba payo refu shinda (masendimita 15) beach. Pamusana kwavari, kapeti zvikuru nyoro uye kudziya.

Kana kapeti nechirukwa chakarukirwa, zviri vakachenesa pamusaka guruva nemarara vanotsungirira pachivanze. Vakadzi avo vakashanda pamunda ichi, akatamba zvetsika vachitamba. Kupira uku zvinoratidza kuguma basa iri rakaoma. Vachitamba wokushandura dzavo zvakanaka simba makapeti. Traditional vachitamba hatibvumiri vakadzi vasina uye vaya vasina kubatanidzwa kwayo pakusikwa.

Drawing - chikuru chinhu kapeti

For Tabasaranskiy nemakapeti vanowanzotevedzera zvishoma nezvishoma uchambundikira melenkih mapatani makuru zvimedu. In mashoko munzvimbo rugs duku nzira yokubudisa. Mumwe nomumwe wavo anoiswa mukati lockets. Uyezve, vari akaiswa mukati polygons. Chero muenzaniso diki uye vose guru zvishongo with muganhu uye ruvara mukaguta. Kushandisa geometric yeimwe needlewomen dzakarukwa curls chitsvuku uye uzorchiki. Ava Mabhuku eBraille ne sitiroko chishongo mapazi seruva.

Pakati pezana nemurwi nemakapeti vakadzungairira vakagovera mifananidzo guru, izvo chokuita nemashizha emiti. Pakati avakuru zvishongo zvinyore duku runoenzanirana configuration, vanodhirowa. Vari akaita ari kupenya kana zvasviba ruvara kwerima guru. Pakati makuru mativi micheka maruva geometric uye shiri chimiro. Vose kapeti muenzaniso ikashandiswa kupinda chete chikwata achishandisa nesitiroko nokukurumidza.

Safar

Safar - nyeredzi, munhu anonakidza muenzaniso Tabasaranskiy nemakapeti. Zita rinoreva nzvimbo nyeredzi nechepakati kapeti chigadzirwa. Uyu kufarira kushongedzwa nenyanzvi vashandi vane unyanzvi. Zvinoitika kuti pakati kuwedzera chiduku locket, kunyange pane zvishongo uye pasina. Safar chimiro chakafanana ruva pamwe petals kwakarurama. Pamakapeti, izvo yakashongedzwa nyeredzi, Akakwezva akasiyana-siyana mavara akashandiswa. zvinhu zvose zvine nyeredzi munda kuitira zvachose rukasimbiswa. The nechepakati Chikamu kapeti kakawanda kuitwa zvitema uye tsvuku.

Merher

Chimwe akakurumbira pakati vanatenzi kuti pagadzirwe nemakapeti uri muenzaniso Tabasaranskiy merher pepa akafanana Sled. In pakati chigadzirwa anoiswa pamusoro pavaipfuura medallions muchimiro dzinoungana uye hexagons. kureba yavo mhiri kapeti Rwonzi zvakabatana. Izvi zvikabatanidzwa geometric zvitarisiko nowenyika siluetti nechireyi. Kazhinji bordered pamusoro yehombodo kurutivi medallions kuti vyvyazyvayut vanodhirowa chakatodzana mudhori siluetti. Unallocated nzvimbo izere diki okunze. Karoi ine vakawanda hwakarongwa zvidimbu, kapeti anotarira mupfumi uye kwezvokufuka. All maumbirwo, mazano uye mapatani vari geometric kunyatsoteerera. Makara - Anobvumirana sanganisa mutsvuku zvitema uye mavara matsvuku nezvinhu chena, inopenya yebhuruu maketeni shinda.

Turar, topancha, checkered uye pfuti

The rinofarirwa kupfuura muenzaniso Tabasaranskiy nemakapeti ndiro Turar (checkered). Hwakarongwa manhamba mumufananidzo uyu vari akaronga sezvo Tsanga yacho yaichekwa. The zita rinobva kusonganirana vayambuka minondo kana pfuti. zvishongo izvi ikashandiswa pamwe medallions diki. The zvichiguma Kubatana akasika diagonal pajira riya riri papi hama kuti micheto pa necheparutivi rworwendo 45. Setsika, musimboti zviri mitatu yamabwe medallions vashomashoma, izvo ikashandiswa mapatani topancha. The upamhi uye kureba nhoo anoiswa pakati mitatu uye nomwe mitsara kurei zvimedu.

Izvi rworudzi muenzaniso rinoitwa plum blond noruvara, zvitema, uye mashava. In checkered kwokufananidzira akashandisa zvine zvitema, mutema, tsvuku, masa dema. Dzisingafambwi nzvimbo needlewoman kumashure uchizadza rosettes diki, kana zvimwe zvishongo. Wokupedzisira pfungwa akagadzira mufananidzo anonzi undulating pomukombero ane ruvara - chena mitema mapatani.

Carpet Museum iri Derbent

Muna 1982, guta akazarura Museum of makapeti kurukiswa. Its mukavaisa kwakavakirwa of Armenian Church, iyo yakavakwa 1870. Kupiwa nhoroondo-gore zviuru rakasikwa pamakapeti, rikaisa pashoo pakati peguta kunokwezva vashanyi vakawanda. Vazhinji vavo vauye zvakananga kuona chaiye Tabasaran kapeti. Mutengo chigadzirwa anotanga kutanga 10 000 rubles por mativi mita rimwe makapeti. Uye kuti kwakapiwa kuti chakagadzirwa madhayi anoshandiswa. Chepakutanga Tabasaran makapeti uchishandisa zvakasikwa madhayi zvaikosha kazhinji anodhura. Today Tabasaran dzakaitwa nemaoko nemakapeti zvinogona kuonekwa yakanakisisa Mumamiziyamu kweParis, London, Tokyo. Dzimba dzoushe wokutanga vanhu vemarudzi akasiyana-siyana vari akashongedzwa micheka dzakarukwa. At kuratidzira dzakawanda nemakapeti vari kuramba kuwana ndarama menduru.

Rarama, vanoonga upenyu uye kunakidzwa nayo - zvishuvo zvakadaro vanatenzi wokushandura mapatani uye makapeti kupenda. Unogona kupedza maawa ekuona mufananidzo: mumwe vachaona miti uye shiri pamusoro payo, chiso vamwe mweni wacho, nokudhiraivha kure. Zvadaro Fafitera kuti funga mugomo achimuka, uye mubani mujinga inova munhu negejo uye kurima nyika. Zvinoita sokuti makaona zvose zvakanaka mashoko pamusoro Tabasaranskiy pamakapeti, pakarepo anooneka pamberi pangu mufananidzo haana akacherechedza pamberi ... Zvino mufananidzo anochinja zvakare ...