Zvibereko nembatatisi kubva 1 Ha. mbatatisi kugadzirwa rwokugadzira. Cultivars (Mufananidzo)

Kukosha chirimwa ichi kuRussia rakaoma kuona. Matapiri - the ukaparadza kupfuura miriwo munyika yedu. 120-130 makirogiramu pamunhu pagore - chinokosha mufananidzo, uye nokuda pagadzirwe nembatatisi, tiri wechipiri chete China. Ichi inokosha mutsika kuti zvinobudirira kunovimbisa kwezvokudya munyika.

Potato muRussia

Mumwe zvinhu zvedu mbatatisi Kugadzirwa ndiyo predominance edzimba mapurazi, rakagara richidudzirwa dzinoratidzwa ayo pasi kunyatsoshanda nokuda mukuru mugove remaoko.

Mumakore achangopfuura, vakawanda vanoshingaira kuva guru mbatatisi kugadzirwa, achiratidza chepamusoro zvikuru zvibereko nokuda zvinoita kushandiswa kwemichina nesayenzi anotsanangura zvaanoda fetiraiza.

Chimwe maitiro chinoratidza achangopfuura makore ndiwo rutapudzo kwenzvimbo waizoitwa kurima matapiri. Asi kuwedzera negoho apo kubvumira kuti zvakazara nekure kuderera ose yokudyara nzvimbo.

Zvisinei, kuti kubata dzakabudirira, tinofanira kuwedzera kuitika pamwero negoho kupfuura kaviri. Hazvisi nyore, nokuti wakawedzera makwikwi, uye mafuta mitengo achifumira nokukurumidza zvokurima pamisika.

Uyewo, senguva dzose, shure logistics indasitiri. izvi zvose zvakaita kuti chokwadi kuti vagadziri vakawanda kuenda simba, asingakwanisi kukurira makwikwi, uye vamwe vanomanikidzwa kufunga kuwedzera kugadzirwa kunyatsoshanda.

Russia iri chetsika mutungamiri tichitarisa zvakakomba mbatatisi kugadzirwa, inobereka 11% of yose yokukohwa. Saka 70-80% of chigadzirwa kwayo mbishi chimiro anoenda private rinodyiwa.

Industrial kugadzira yokuRussia iri chaizvo havaratidzi yakatanga, isingadariki vashoma muzana. Maererano Zvaifungidzirwa, inotevera redistribution kuti mbatatisi pamusika Russia iri chokuita kukura muriwo kugadzira.

Huru mbatatisi tupukanana

Colorado mbatatisi beetles - mumwe mukuru mbatatisi zvipukanana. On runofarira diki naye kutamburira manually achiunganidza zvipembenene, pupae uye mazana ari mudziyo pamusoro reparafini, formalin kana simba brine. Munzvimbo nharaunda huru anoshanda 80% ethyl Diloram kana trichlorfon. Nguva yakanakisisa yokuti makemikari treatment - mavambo kubereka of larval zera rechipiri uye rechitatu.

Potato chikofu nematode kazhinji inorwisa ari mbatatisi. Its mazana kukuvadza uye midzi uye tubers zvinomera. Nematode cysts vari panyika, ari mbatatisi midzi, uye ane pa 200-1000 mazai mune chimwe nechimwe. Externally, chirimwa anotarira vanorwara panguva imwecheteyo, rezasi mashizha kufa, uye navamwe nokukurumidza ichasvava. The cysts anogona kurarama kusvika makore 10 kana kupfuura. On utachiona nzvimbo kazhinji kutevedza kupatsanura varwere matanho, kwete kurimwa bhinzi, zviyo uye miriwo kusvika makore mana. Chipembenene Control haabvumiri kushandisa utachiona mbeu nematurusi zvinoshandiswa ivhu.

Wireworms - mazana ose watinya zvipembenene, kunokuvadza midzi uye tubers. Kuti tikurire navo kuronga misungo, ndinosika chiduku sumbu uswa mubindu. Vaiunganidza zvipembenene, izvo vakabva vaparadza. rubatsiro Good uye Kusakura kukosha kuparadza hwanyanza.

Chidembo Cricket - rakakura chisvetasimba mashava, ronga matendere ari kudzika 10-15 masendimita chipembenene ichi anodya zvose: midzi, madzinde, uye tubers, uyewo mbeu nezvimwe mudzi miriwo .. Kukurira zvakakodzera kuchera ivhu iri richawira kudzika masendimita anopfuura 25. Anobatsira sezvo ndyiro kubva mupfudze. Muzviitiko kuparadza zvikuru zvevhu zvaishandiswa benzofosfat.

Pakurwisa tupukanana ose matapiri vanofanira kuva ainyanya vose vanobatanidzwa ayo kurimwa, zvimwe unogona kurasikirwa zvirimwa zvenyu yose.

mbatatisi profitability

Kana ukadyara kweShanduro 80 zviuru rubles, unogona kuwana zvibereko nembatatisi kubva 1 ha mu uwandu matani 20. Panguva iyoyo pamwe chete gorosi nzvimbo achakwanisa kuunganidza matani 7-8 chete, zvinenge 60-65 zviuru. Kwiza iyo ichapa. purofiti. Kana kushandiswa itsva ruzivo zvibereko nembatatisi kubva 1 ha anogona kusvika 80 t / ha, uye mari ukuwo - 800 zviuru rubles.!

Nyanzvi dzinofungidzira kuti zvakafanira kukura kusvika 100-240% Royi matapiri. Bhizimisi chirongwa kugadzirwa kwayo kunofanira kufungawo nzvimbo chomunda hectares dzinenge 250, uye mari mubhizimisi -. $ 7 mamiriyoni sandara, uye kunyange kushanda nomusoro $ mamiriyoni 0.5-1 pamusoro rapera profitability bhizimisi iri muRussia yakasvika 40-60 %.

Maererano chete nyanzvi pamusoro mbatatisi richikura chirongwa unoripa avhareji yemakore 5-7, pamwe zvokungoitawo nemigumisiro havasi INDICATIVE nguva dzose. Mumazana nguva yebasa zvaida enderana uye zvakakomba upfumi. Somuenzaniso, anosanganisa mutengo anenge 300 zviuru. Euro, plants tinorasikirwa 80 zviuru. Euro, etc. michina Soviet ndiye nderechinyakare uye anogona kukuvadza kuti chirimwa.

Asi izvi zvose zvinoshanda maindasitiri kugadzirwa. Nokuti munhu mapurazi kune zvirongwa pamwe yakaderera mubhizimisi pamwero, asi ane yakaderera kumucheto.

A bhizimisi urongwa musha nzvimbo

mbatatisi kugadzirwa michina iri pachedu zano rine zvachiri. Chokutanga, edza kuverenga kweinenge anofungidzirwa profitability kuti mbatatisi bhizimisi matsva ezvinhu. Nokuti chinangwa ichi zvakafanira kuongorora vanofungidzirwa mari. Ipapo musoro kuverenga purofiti varikumahombekombe, vakapiwa avhareji zvibereko nembatatisi kubva 1 ha uye Wholesale mitengo. Pashure paizvozvo, nokuti uwandu mambure mari inofanira deducted kubva rechipiri digit kutanga. Inotorwa Masvomhu nokuti 0.5 Ha rangano kwaizova sezvinotevera.

Motoblock: mapadza, varimi, Hiller, Potato	$ 700
kudyara zvinhu	$ 600
Fetiraiza uye mishonga	$ 150
senga	$ 50
Total:	$ 1,500

Saka, zvose zviri rokutanga mari vari ukapisa murwi ari uwandu 1.5 zviuru. Dollars. rokutanga gore neavhareji goho kg 200 ane micheka, uye paavhareji Wholesale bindu nomutengo matapiri $ 0.2 paminiti 1 kg kubva pakutengeswa kunogona kuwanikwa 2 zviuru zvamadhora .. Sezvo zvemichina haisi kuwanikwa gore rimwe, ipapo mumakore akatevera unogona kuva zviri zvikuru mutengo-vanobudirira matapiri. The mutengo nokuti, muna tsika, chete inokura.

Industrial nzira kugadzirwa matapiri

mbatatisi kugadzirwa michina nokushandiswa nzira ano akabvumira nhasi, yekudyidzana chiwedzere kunyatsoshanda kuti mbatatisi kugadzirwa zvekutepfenyura. Zvino dzokai kushandisa maindasitiri nzira kwayo kurimwa. Pfungwa iyi zvinoreva zvinotevera nheyo.

1. Volume Kugadzirwa iri kurongwa pachine, uye Masvomhu munozviruramisira.
2. All parameters unhu dzaona uye pamberi kudyara.
3. Harvest rakagadzirirwa zvichinyatso enderana nepurogiramu.

Izvi zvose zvinoitwa maindasitiri nzira chikumbiro, zvinosanganisira zvinotevera zvinhu.

1. Various kwesangano uye michina kuvandudzika zvinopa yakakwirira chaitwa, somugumisiro waanodzikisira mari inoshandiswa.
2. Active kushandiswa siyana rwokugadzira nzira kubvumira anenge chakunodzikisira kwechirwere mamiriro rwakashata okunze.
3. Kurerutsa nokufumura vanhu chinhu pamusoro mugumisiro nedanho kugadzirwa kuburikidza kushandisa nzira uye nzira.
4. High avhareji mbatatisi goho runowanikwa pakusuma management maturusi uye operative kuzvidzora. Play basa rinokosha sezvo kwesayenzi nzira dzinobatsira nechokwadi kuti vakaronga nhamba mishonga.

Right ikozvino, pane mukana wose kutamira maindasitiri nzira mu mbatatisi. Izvi akwanise ne zvinhu zvinotevera:

• musika kudiwa chigadzirwa unhu tichingotarisira kuwedzera;
• uwandu hwevashandi mune zvokurima, sezvo avo unyanzvi pamwero, ipfupi;
• Ndiwe musika zvinoita kuti tikwanise kutenga purazi michini inokwanisa pakutevedzera kushandisa maindasitiri nzira;
• Kuwanikwa yemhando nyika michina kubudirira kunoita iwe kuti yezwi ane zvachose kuvandudza mbatatisi kurimwa.

Kubudirira michina mhinduro havafaniri kuvimba kukura purazi rayo specificity. The mhinduro yacho kunzwisisa dambudziko yezwi maindasitiri nzira zvinofanira chinozoiswa maererano yakanakisisa yenyika uye dzakawanda ruzivo, uyewo zvikuru vanokwanisa unyanzvi 'audzwa.

Sei kuwedzera zvibereko matapiri

Pane zvakawanda zvinoita kuti chokuita zvibereko matapiri. Heano mamwe acho.

1. Kunaka yokudyara zvinhu zvinofanira kuva mukuru.
2. Matapiri zvinogara anoisa yakakwirira yaanoti ivhu, kunyanya ayo mhepo muoti. Ndokusaka zviri kukoshesa nenguva spud kuwedzera goho. Kana spud uye nokusazvibata kumhara kanoverengeka pamusoro muzhizha, kunyange loamy ivhu hausi kumutadzisa. Regai kukanganwa panguva imwe chete, iyo nguva yakanakisisa hilling -. Kana chirimwa kukwirira kubva 5 kusvika 20 cm Kana hilling chirimwa kukura imhaka kuwedzera nhamba uye kukura tubers. Kana isu kusuwa ushamwari ino nguva, kukura kwezvinhu anova zvinogoneka chete nokuwedzera kurema tubers.
3. Kana kudyara mutsara spacing hakufaniri masendimita asingasviki 90.
4. Panguva maruva uye kuzvishandisa kukura tubers zvinokosha kupa yakawanda mvura 10-15 litres por chirimwa.
5. Panguva maruva uye yotunga mupfudze zvakanaka. Standards musi mugwenzi 3-6? G superphosphate, 4.3 g potassium sulfate, 01,03 g Ammonium nitrate kana urea, matanda kana peat nedota. Zvakakodzwa shiri nhoko kana mullein, nechokwadi yepamusoro matapiri. Mutengo fetiraiza izvi yakaderera. Somuenzaniso, mullein inogona kutengwa 40 rubles muzana 5 litres.
6. Nokuti kuzoita yakarumbidza panguva maruva nguva kubvisa hosha pamakwenzi uyewo nouipi asina profiled matapiri. Izvi zvichawedzera zvibereko nokuda 10-20% pagore.
7. Mune chehupenyu yotunga anobatsira kubvisa zvose ruva madzinde, izvozvo kunowedzerawo zvibereko.

Kushandiswa mupfudze nokuda matapiri

Kutanga, zvinokosha kuti tiyeuke kuti munguva kukura matapiri kuminyuka kuti zvakohwewa kweinenge 50 makirogiramu ose senitrogen, phosphorus makirogiramu 20 uye 90 makirogiramu ose potassium kunobva matani 10 chigadzirwa. Naizvozvo fetiraiza izvi uye anofanira kugara wakazopinzwa ivhu kuitira kuti hazvina impoverish uye matapiri aigona kupa zvakakodzera simba kwaari.

Nitrogen kunobatsira vanoshingaira kukura zvinomera, hwomukova makabhohaidhiretsi kupinda tubers.

Phosphorus inowedzera kuramba kwemvura, nezvechinhu chimwe midzi uye rinoungana iri tuber starch, zvikaita avo mangwanani ichiibvira.

Potassium kunokonzera kuwedzera makabhohaidhiretsi vari tuber, anowedzera kuramba weathering.

Isa fotereza ivhu, zvakakosha kuchengetedza pakati nepakati. Kana potassium kushaikwa, semuenzaniso, taita akanyatsonzwisisa senitrogen. Mukuwedzera, nekumwisa upi fetiraiza anogona kukuvadza hapana isingasviki drawback.

The nguva inokurudzirwa kushandisa fetiraiza nechepakati kumatunhu ari July, kuchamhembe - muna July uye August, uye kumaodzanyemba - muna June.

Shandisa Organic fetiraiza, kunyange ivo kuwedzera kukohwa kaviri, agronomists regai akakurudzira nokuda njodzi chirwere panofunuka, kana akarova kuti mazana yaMay kovakuoriainen. Nani kushandiswa torfonavoznye composts.

Somunhu fetiraiza nokuda nembatatisi mumatsutso vanokurudzira superphosphate katatu (1 kg pa zana metres mativi), uye potassium sulfate (2 makirogiramu muzana sq.m.).

Unokwakuka zvakanaka isa fotereza matapiri uye urea nitrate (1 kg pa sq.m.). Unogonawo kushandisa dzakaoma fetiraiza: nitrophoska 5 kg por zana metres mativi uye NPK - 3 makirogiramu.

Bone kudya - rakanaka maonero fetiraiza nokuda nembatatisi mumatsutso, uyezve, izvozvo anovandudza manakiro chigadzirwa. Zvino nguva ino zvinobatsira isa fotereza pasi superphosphate uye Kemira mbatatisi, ichi-chinja mbatatisi fetiraiza.

Podpitok dzinongoitika, rakanakira mbatatisi, inofanira kunzi huni nedota. Kuwedzera maumbirwe, iye ari dzidzivirire pahosha zhinji uye kuorera mazviri. Saka zviri nani kutanga nawo dota nitrophosphate, uye ipapo tarirai zvabuda. Bust fetiraiza zvakaipa nokuda zvinomera.

The yakanakisisa akasiyana matapiri

Nokuti pakudyara zvakanakisisa kutora yepamusoro tubers. Ivo anodhura kupfuura randomly asi nechokwadi zvakanaka kunaka uye kukohwa utano.

On chero zhizha koteji ikoko anogara achikura mbatatisi mumakwenzi anogona kuchera kukwira kubva mid-chirimo. Pakati mangwanani akasiyana-siyana zvinogona kupatsanurwa, akadai Timo, Ariel, The Lark, Bullfinch, Luck uye Medium mangwanani - uye madam prizewinner.

Razvaristy kamwe yakakurumbira siyana pamwe chena nenyama Sineglazka ane vanokwanisa risinganyanyi Europe iri kuonekwa shure.

Nokuti avo vanotevera utano, inogona kurumbidzwa mhando dzakadai Dutch Mona Lisa, Fresco, Roman, German Arosa, Rosario, Feloks Finnish Timo, Asterix. In akasiyana izvi yakawanda carotene, kunonatsiridza chiratidzo.

Uye, unogona kufamba nyore kuti kufarira. Masayendisiti akawana kuti zvinonaka mhando ane zvakawanda amino acids, nucleotides, mafuta acids!

Ari makwikwi kuti zvakanaka manakiro ushasha vakabata mhando dzakadai Borodyansky blue, Bullfinch, Adretta, Aurora, The zvitema, Vesnyanka, Tempe.

Zvakakodzera kuratidza-siyana Zhukovsky. The mbatatisi ndohwaJehovha vokutanga mhando, kukura zvakanaka panguva yakaderera tembiricha. Zviri husingakwanisi zvirwere zvakawanda, ane ganda kumeso, refu pasherefu upenyu, uye kutongoravira kukuru.

Bellarosa matapiri akaberekwa nokuda Breeders German, pachii kurimwa kuEastern Europe. It is mangwanani-siyana, zvinogona kuchera pamusoro rechi45 zuva kare. Iye kunobatsira chaizvo: mbatatisi goho kubva 1 Ha - 400 quintals!

Sort Bellarosa zvakaoma kubatwa tupembenene kwete kuvazungura mwando, husingakwanisi nzara, inokura chero ivhu kunze rinorema nevhu, bezutraten okuchengetera (93%). Rine guru tubers kumeso, zvakanaka kunaka uye yakakwirira friability.

How yokuchengetera matapiri

Kana kuchengeta matapiri Zvakakosha zvikuru kuti arege kubvumira tubers kuora kana kutanga kumera. Saka, zviri nani yokuchengetera mune inotonhorera uye panzvimbo yakaoma, iyo iri nyaya zvakanaka ventilated.

Kunyanya kungwarira in spring, apo tubers vanorasikirwa vakawanda vavo, kushata pakuonekwa kwavo uye kunoderedza uwandu mavhitaminzi. Munguva iyi yose matapiri vanofanira kutevera uye tarisa nguva dzose kukuvara.

mbatatisi okuchengetera muitiro unogona kukamurwa muzvikamu zvitatu.

1. Kwevhiki mbiri, soka mu okuchengetera panguva t ^{pamusoro +15.} Saka pane nokuporesa tuber, nevanochengeta aoma kubva kuunyoro.
2. Kusvikira pakuguma chando nembatatisi, sokunge "vakarara", yakanakisisa T ^ose okuchengetera - kubva 3 kusvika 5 ° ^C.
3. With veMubatanidzwa kwematsutso ari tubers kutanga kugadzirira kumera. Panguva ino, kuchengetera tembiricha inogona akarerwa madhigirii shoma.

Matapiri - the pakuriritira mhuri

Pane zvinhu zvinoverengeka matanho kuti hazvigoni kubviswa nokuda kuwedzera mbatatisi. Bhizimisi chirongwa kugadzirwa dzaro nzvimbo diki (anenge 0.3 hectares) nokuda kwayo utariri uye rokutengesa kunosanganisira matanho anoverengeka ari pamusika.

Kutanga, zvinokosha kuti agadzire zvinhu kuti kudyara. Zvino zvakafanira kuti tiite zvose zvakafanira regadziriro basa pamwe ivhu, uye chete ipapo unogona kuenda kudyara matapiri.

Zvadaro tsoka hilling uye fetiraiza. Zvinokoshawo kuti utarisire kudzivirirwa zvipukanana uye nezvirwere. Kukohwa - zvakare haana nyore pavaipfuura basa, pashure kuenda okupedzisira matanho maviri: kavha uye kuchengetedza software.

Kuti aite izvi, unofanira kuva kanenge shoma michina. To shoma ichi rinoshanda, kupfuura zvose, munhu Mini-tarakita. Mbuva inofanira zvachose kuuya uye Ridger kurima. Ichokwadi, chinofanira kuva muviri tarakita. Musakanganwa kutenga mudziyo kuti kuchera. Zvichava vanofanira vasiyana Mini-tarakita.

Good kuti funga mumwe akadzama anofadza: ndikandoshamba, akaomeswa uye neatly mumapepa matapiri akatengesa pamusoro kumisika iri anenge maviri nguva anodhura pane sviba, pakarepo yakatakura munyika dzose pfumbu uye asingakwezvi muhomwe.

Tichifunga izvi, unogona zvakakomba kuwedzera mari yavanowana, kwete chete nokuda chinhu kurongedza matapiri avo. Zvinokwanisika kuronga kavha aigadzirira anonyatsotsanangura matapiri nezvimwe vagadziri. Zvinokwanisika, pfungwa, kuvaka basa iri.

Izvi zvinoda zvaidiwa zvimwe zvinhu:

• zvachose mvura;
• mabhokisi makuru yokushambidza matapiri;
• kamuri apo rinogona yaoma;
• pamwero;
• zvikwama nokuti kavha uye kuvati.

Saka zvinoita kuti kuronga yako kubva muvare mbatatisi bhizimisi uye kuti zvinobatsira.