Zvicherwa kuSouth America: tafura, mazita

The kondinendi South American ndicho chechina pakukura uye ine 12 akazvimirira inoti. The zvicherwa dzinotaurwa South America? Photos, tsananguro uye kuwana mazita nyaya yedu.

jogirafi

Huru Nzvimbo iri mukati Southern uye Western hemispheres, riri kuchamhembe. Continent pedyo nePacific Ocean kusvika kumavirira uye Atlantic iri kumabvazuva North America, zviri akaparadzaniswa nevanhu muIsthmus Panama.

Nzvimbo yacho, pamwe pazvitsuwa vanenge mamiriyoni 18 km. ba. Uwandu vagari vanhu mamiriyoni 275, ane arambe achirema 22 vanhu muzana mativi kiromita. The nemamiriro kondinendi kunosanganisirawo zviwi pedyo, vamwe vavo ndezvaJehovha nyika mamwe makondinendi, dzakadai Falkland Islands (UK), French Guiana (France).

South America ine guru kureba kubva kuchamhembe kusvika kumaodzanyemba, izvo kukanganiswa paumbwe achisiyanisa ekunze uye zvakatipoteredza ezvinhu. The yakaoma iri muna nhanhatu okunze dzinodengenyeka, kubva unozvidzora kuti subequatorial. Last akawana pano kaviri. South America ndiyo kondinendi kupfuura nyorovera, kunyange mugwenga vari mune dzimwe nzvimbo.

Zvicherwa South America (Donongodzo - gare gare munyaya) riri siyana chaizvo, uye ivhu uye mamiriro okunze ndiwo akanakira kurima. On the yakaoma, vazhinji masango, nzizi uye nyanza, kusanganisira gobvu rwizi munyika - the Amazon, uyewo kupfuura Freshwater mudziva Titicaca.

rubatsiro

Sechivako huru iri nyore, zvisinei ichi, kuti zvicherwa kuSouth America akapa vazhinji yeminda. Zvikurukuru, nharaunda rakakamurwa munzvimbo huru mbiri - makomo uye nebani, izvo zvinosanganisira dzakaderera uye dzakakwirira.

Kumadokero chikamu kondinendi waimiririra longissimus gomo hurongwa - muAndes. kureba yavo kwazvo 9000? km uye nenhongonya hwokukurira 6000 metres pamusoro pasi. The yakakwirira iri Mount Aconcaguakuva.

Dzakaderera dziri kumabvazuva. Anogara chikuru chikamu kondinendi. A duku patepi rwokumusoro ndiko Guiana Highlands, kumicheto izvo vakawanda mapopoma uye canyons.

Zvayaiva pazasi Highlands wokuBrazil, izvo kugara inopfuura hafu yacho. Nokuda noukuru hwawo uye kusiyana kwemupata ezvinhu akakamurwa nenzvimbo dzakakwirira zvitatu. yakakwirira wayo Mount Bandera (2897 m).

The dzegirini pakati pemakomo uye nenzvimbo dzakakwirira vari Amazon, La Plata, Orinoco pamapani. Vari chiri mukati yakadzika rwizi mumipata. NeShefera aimiririra anenge monotonous sandara kwakaita nzvimbo yacho.

jioroji

Zvicherwa South America akaumbwa pamusoro emakore akawanda, vari kufanana paumbwe kondinendi. Territory, sezvinowanzoita rokuyamura rakakamurwa kumadokero uye kumabvazuva zvikamu.

Kumabvazuva Chikamu South American Platform. It kakawanda vasara pasi mvura, nokudaro, kuumbwa emadhaka (akaburuka mumunda) uye sekristaro (munzvimbo kukurudzira) matombo. Munzvimbo Brazil uye Guiana Highlands pemvura outcrops ose metamorphic uye igneous matombo.

Divi rokumadokero rine akapeta bhandi gomo sezvo chikamu Pacific Ring of Fire. EAndes - ndiwo mugumisiro kudhumhana ose lithospheric kwamahwendefa. inotungamirwa yavo kuitika zvino, izvo zvinoonekwa kuputika basa. Heano maviri soro rinoputika munyika, mumwe icho (llullaillaco) nokuita.

Zvicherwa South America (zvishoma)

Mineral pfuma dzaimirirwa ores kondinendi simbi, kunyanya simbi uye manganese, izvo mukati Brazilian uye Guiana nekaupenyu sandara machira. Pano vanoiswa deposits zviri ngoda, goridhe uye bauxite.

Somugumisiro paumbwe Andean orogeny, nzvimbo idzi akaumba zvakasiyana zvakasikwa zvicherwa muSouth America. Esimbi uye asiri esimbi zvicherwa dziri munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dziri seri. Wokutanga vanomirirwa zvakananga muAndes uye radioactive uye non-ferrous simbi ores, uye yokupedzisira vari aumba pasi mujinga mezvikomo. The muAndes tiri deposits anokosha.

Pamapani yacho, mune intermountain zvanza uye dzegirini vakaumba sedimentary matombo. Kune deposits kuti marasha, mafuta negasi. Izvi combustible zviwanikwa yave Somuenzaniso, Orinoco pamapani, ari Patagonian rakaorera, uyewo rezvitsuwa Tierra Del Fuego, riri muAtlantic Ocean.

Zvicherwa South America (Table)

kuchera indasitiri

Economic pamwero kunyika iri kondinendi zvinosiyana zvikuru. ndiyo inonyanya dzakabudirira Brazil, Argentina uye Venezuela. Vanopinda achangobva industrializing nyika. Yakadereresa pamwero budiriro kuchengetwa French Guiana, Bolivia, Ecuador, Zimbabwe, Paraguay, Guyana. Dzimwe nyika vari pagungano zvenguva rwakazara.

Zvicherwa South America vavo kugadzirwa basa rinokosha mune upfumi enyika dzakawanda pamusoro kondinendi. In Venezuela, migodhi indasitiri chinoita 16% munyika mari. Pano, sezvo kuArgentina, Colombia, Ecuador, mafuta, marasha negasi. Colombia akapfuma deposits anokosha, izvozvo Anotonzi "neemaradhi nyika."

Metal ores mined muna Chile, Zimbabwe, Guyana uye Brazil. Copper mhangura kuChile, mafuta muVenezuela, netini muBolivia, vari kupatsanurwa pane nzvimbo, kunyange vazhinji zvinhu zvinouya pamusoro aina mbishi.

Nezvezvipfuwo kunwa anoramba chaizvo shoma mbishi zvinhu. Huru Chikamu inoenda pasero. Aivigirwa mafuta, bauxite, tini, tungsten, namavara akanaka, molybdenum nezvimwe zvicherwa kuSouth America.

mhedziso

On the kondinendi akasiyana mune mavambo chicherwa pfuma, nemhaka yaro chaiyo Geological chivako kuSouth America. Kumadokero kumatunhu huru peta kuumbwa igneous uye metamorphic matombo. Somugumisiro, ipapo yakaumbwa kupfuura kuwanda chicherwa zvinhu pamusoro kondinendi, ayo anomiririrwa esimbi uye nonmetallic zviwanikwa, sarufa, ayodhini nematombo anokosha.

The vamwe kondinendi akafukidza rwenze pamwe ubatanidzwewo crystalline uye sedimentary matombo. Ndivo deposits pamusoro bauxite, simbi ores, goridhe. nzvimbo huru wakafukidzwa pamapani uye Piedmont kuora mwoyo. Kune kazhinji Tourism (mafuta, gasi, marasha) akaumba sediments.