Zviga kupatsanurwa kwemasimba sechinhu enyika uye zviri pamutemo dzidziso

Kuparadzana kwesimba - dzidziso, izvo zvinobva pakushaiwa kutaura kugovera mamiriro (mu Mupfungwa yakakura - chimwe), uye simba kuzvida vzaimokontroliruyuschie pabazi. With pamusoro zvakananga kuti hurumende simba vaifungidzira weboka zvemitemo bazi, Executive nezvakatongwa.

ReConstitutional misimboti kuzvitsaura kwemasimba kokutanga rorudyi pfungwa dzakanga dzataurwa nokuda John. Locke ari dzidziso yake "munzanga kondirakiti." Izvi zvakaitika muna 1689. Sezvo chikamu enyika uye zviri pamutemo, misimboti vava kwakapararira pakati pezana remakore rechi18 pashure chimiro mabasa SH.-L. Montesquieu.

Asi hatifaniri kufunga kuti uku ndiko nenguva uye kutanga hunoshanda Implementation nezvazvo. Vamwe misimboti kana zvinhu inowanikwa yokungotaura zviitiko zviri nevafungi yekare. Saka, Aristotle aida kuudzawo simba matavi, sezvo vakadaro akatungamirira Paramende, matare uye navabati, apo bazi rimwe nerimwe riri inotungamirirwa yoga muviri.

Zviga kupatsanurwa kwemasimba sezvo pamutemo mureza vanga rakatangwa muna US Constitution, uye Vanyori - "Akatanga vanababa" - isolated uye kunyange musimboti weboka "kutwasuka", waiva waidzora hukama pakati yeUnited nepakati uye States. By kwezana remakore rechi19, zviga kupatsanurwa kwemasimba vave richizivikanwa somumwe mikuru zvinodavirwa muchitendero ehurumende uye dzepamutemo sayenzi, iyo, asi, vakaramba kuva Somuenzaniso, mune dzimwe nyika, misimboti pamazita yakapirikirwa broadly - vakamira panze sezvo akazvimirira vo dzakavamba, kuzvidzora, bazi anyatsosarudza.

Sezvo enyika uye dzepamutemo Pfungwa kupatsanurwa kwemasimba kunoratidza kuti kuvapo kwavo kungotaura pamurairo uye zvinoshanda Implementation ndivo hwaro pakuvaka uye kushanda munhu ano ezvinhu.

Zviga kupatsanurwa kwemasimba inosanganisira vanoverengeka kwesangano uye vanogutsikana zvinogadzirisa kuti vari dzinokosha yokutevedzera pamasikiro ehurumende uye mutemo. Ivo anoratidza kuti mumwe mhando simba kuitwa zvikuru vakasikirwa hurumende ichi: zvemitemo - paramende, varikutonga - nevarikutonga masimba (Cabinet), matare - nezvamakatonga hurongwa. Kana izvi kunotenderwa hama rusununguko mabasa nemasangano izvi zvose, izvo zviri pamutemo akaziva kubudikidza kupatsanurwa kwemasimba uye mabhora ose kushanda masimba aya.

Zviremera of mashandiro anoparadzirwa nenzira kuti masimba zvisina kudzokororwa uyewo nemuzviito mitumbi yavo neimwe mapazi vanogona kusvika pamwero kudzora rimwe davi. Munyika ine multi-pamwero hurongwa pakuvaka chimiro wehurumende-miganhu maumbirwo (the Federation) uye mukuwedzera, anogovera kuti kupesana zvakajeka masimba pakati miviri hurumende uye nechepakati nharaunda Chikamu mamiriro. The muenzaniso kwazvino kupatsanurwa kwemasimba uye ine mutemo kupa pamutemo wakatsiga pakati pamatavi. Izvi zvinoitwa kuitira kudzivisa Kudzora wepamutemo rimwe bazi pamusoro mumwe uye nokudaro haana kuguma hurumende kuti vagadze enyika utongi hwechiFascist, nokuti izvo chinhu chakagadzirwa yakadaro uye inozivikanwa.

Misimboti zvinosanganisira kudiwa kuvaka mashandiro yakadaro simba, umo mapazi ari kungoreva kumumanikidza mumwe tichiregeredza zvemitemo masimba akagoverwa yakawiriranwa kuzvidzora nokudzikama kubudikidza zvakajeka chigaro nerimwe bazi achitungamirira chinhu.

Pari, pfungwa kupatsanurwa kwemasimba munhu kazhinji akagamuchira nhungamiro kuvakwa ane ano ezvinhu uye rakatangwa pakawanda munenge munyika dzose nyika zvenyika, apo mamiriro ezvinhu ari pamberi democratic dzemitemo munharaunda iyi. Dzimwe nyika shandisa chaiwo womuenzaniso, uye vamwe kushandisa mazano aya ari yairevererwa netsika National uye tsika rudzi rokuvaka. Somuenzaniso, muna China, mukuwedzera kune tsika, asi dzinounzwa mapazi dzakadai kuzvidzora uye murayiro. Zvinhu chete uye muTaiwan.

In inoti apo yakatanga pevatongi uye anomanikidza enyika hwoudzvinyiriri, zviga kupatsanurwa kwemasimba, kana kwete chinozoiswa zvachose kana chinozoiswa pamutemo.