Mutemo International - mubatanidzwa zvido

State, dzakawanda sangano, vanhu, dzidzo gosudarstvopodobnye - vose vakabatanidzwa imwe gadziriro, anozivikanwa somunhu "mutemo International". Kukurumidza kukura dzakawanda upfumi, inongogara kuitika kupokana pamusoro mabhora ose simba, achidzivirira zvinodiwa nomumwe siyana zvinoumba okurarama vakakumbira yakabudirira murau pamutemo maererano nezviito. Kuti yakazadzika pakugadzirwa mutemo dzakawanda, kubatanidza mirayiro Dare inokosha bilateral pabonde.

Kana isu kutaura mutemo dzakawanda, rinogona kunzi yakaenzanirana akataura kuti kutanga kukura kwake chakakomba, yava akagamuchira chete pakapera Hondo Yenyika II, apo omubatanidzwa kukunda yakanga chete nyaya nguva. Uye izvi zvinoratidzwa paumbwe rinokosha Sub-kwemauto, inonzi "mutemo zvibvumirano". Zvisinei, dzimwe nyanzvi dzemitemo chiwanzo chokudavira kuti pokutangira inofanira kuva 1648 - nguva kwemamiriro Chibvumirano chokuWestphalia. Asi ichi vanoti zviri nharo.

Asi kwete dzakawanda chibvumirano chete akaita "kuputika" mutemo dzakawanda. Kufanana zviitiko vakawanda munyika yanhasi, mutemo dzakawanda haana vakapukunyuka matambudziko zvoupfumi zvinhu. Zvakava zvisingabviri kufuratira kwete chete muchiuto maindasitiri makambani, asi vachiva multinationals. All zvaida inoti kuva inokosha nomutemo nomurayiro, raiva international mutemo zvoupfumi.

Saka, chinokosha zvikonzero kukura mutemo dzakawanda, zvibvumirano dzakawanda uye simbi upfumi.

Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti mutemo zvibvumirano pamberi yaiva nzvimbo kuva. Asi kubva 1969 Implementation zviri zvokudya vakasimuka mairi, yakapiwa kwete chete nokuda vasungwa muna Vienna Magungano, asiwo kushandiswa Inter-masangano ehurumende, mukuru pakati yaiva United Nations. Kuwedzera mutoro default kana kukwana kuitwa kuchaitwa States, mutemo dzakawanda akaita mvumo kushandisa Sub-nemauto uye ndeimwe nyaya inokosha - kureva, pakakoromorwa mu murau. Maererano nomurayiro zvibvumirano, avo havatenderwi pasi tsika dzakawanda bedzi rinoti vari pagungano haangaregi kupa zvimwe. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti zvose zviitiko zvakadai zvakanyorwa, uye akakodzera dzomunyika miviri kuti ubvume kuvabvisa.

Mumwe ari dzakawanda mutemo zvoupfumi. Kutaura zvazviri, pachishandiswa ichi Sub-kwemauto kunge vaisa parutivi Chirungu Economist JM. Keynes, uyo rinorondedzerwa nheyo ano kurongeka zvoupfumi nyika panguva yokupedzisira Musangano of Second World War, akaisa mberi panyaya nokuda kusikwa IMF uye World Bank.

Nhasi, chikuru dzaishandisa ari Sub-nemauto zvimwe kupfuura apa, mashoko WTO, UNCTAD, ECOSOC uye vazhinji nemamwe masangano emunharaunda. mutemo International anoita zvakasiyana-siyana nzvimbo zvoupfumi upenyu, basa, kubvira mukuru nyaya kuunza kugadzikana National mari uye kupedza murau ane ukama hunokosha (Somuenzaniso, mibvunzo pamusoro redistribution kuti mafuta).

Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti chido chakadaro waidzora chose zvacho upfumi kwete chete nemhaka kukosha kwayo. Kwenguva refu pane gakava pamusoro kana kubatanidza zvinoitwa nyaya Sub-nemauto multinationals, matambudziko izvo kazhinji anozova akasimba kupfuura unhu vamwe inotaura.

Sezvinogona kuoneka, mutemo dzakawanda uye ayo kukura kusvika nhasi vari zvikuru novimba kukura mutemo zvibvumirano uye kodzero zvoupfumi. Saka, zivo uye nounyanzvi Sub-sectors Data zvigadziko inoita basa rinokosha mune ukama pakati inoti.