Zvinokambaira kumhanya: Zvinotaurwa, marudzi. SUVs vane rutapudzo giya uye differential zvechizarira

Chokutanga, ngationei kuti nokupfuuridzirwa chero Kupfuudzwa chinangwa waidzora torque kupfuudzwa mwero kubva muinjini kusvika nemotokari mavhiri. Vari rakakamurwa zvakananga uye kuwedzera torque richikwidibira nayo. Pano, tinofanira kutaura zvakawanda nezvenyaya azvino chimiro.

Rutapudzo giya uye chinangwa chayo

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, kuti rutapudzo giya - ndiye ari razdatke, zvisinei - wokuwedzera bhokisi kuti anovapavhurira torque pakati maviri dzokutyaira zvokubatisa. Kana ari motokari nokukurumidza madonhwe uye torque uye simba kuwedzera. kutapukirwa ichi rinowanzoshandiswa kukurira zvipingamupinyi zvakadai chando, zambuko pamawere dzinza kana unokwira, jecha, tsvina, dzine mabwe uye chakaoma mugwagwa mamiriro enzvimbo.

Iye anobatidzwa bhatani kana mhikuriso pamwe rokuti L uye RO, inomiririra zvinoderedza kubva yakaderera - "pasi". Zvingakubatsira downshift ndechokuti kana iwe kudzima-munzira nokukurumidza anodonhedza, asi iye ari kuchisimba uye kukwanisa kukunda zvipingamupinyi. Kwakakura mwero kuwa kunobva giya reshiyo iri giya mumavhiri. The motokari kana downshift zvinofamba panguva pamatunhu aimhanya.

Somuenzaniso, funga mamiriro ezvinhu apo panguva kwenguva refu kuwedzera rechitatu giya injini hakuna simba rakakwana, uye kana uwandu nokumukirana rechipiri kutapurirana anova zvakare guru. Panyaya iyi, iyo nechekuita mukugarisana yakaderera hutachiwana kunobatsira kutsungirira mamiriro ezvinhu: Car zvinofamba panguva yakaderera kumhanya, asi panguva pamatunhu aimhanya. Nokuda kuwedzera vhiri torque rokukunda Zvibingamupinyi zvinova nyore zvikuru. Kuwanda nokumukirana of bhiriji kunowedzera pamwe giya nhamba yacho goho mugodhi. Somugumisiro, motokari inogona kukurira nyore migwagwa simba, mvura zvipingamupinyi, anokwira uye nemadzinza uye zvimwe zvipingamupinyi.

mahwanda

Mahwanda zvayakaita zvaisanganisira mudunhu kutapurirana nyaya kana akaita somunhu yoga chimwe. The "otomatiki" chinja nyaya haagoni kuva, uye mabasa ayo kuitwa nezvedzinza ari PPC nzvimbo. Zvimwe CP, umo mune rutapudzo giya (mahwanda), yakagadzirirwa kunatsiridza traction mauto pamakuyo. Mahwanda chinhu Kupfuudzwa mashandiro kuti chakagadzirirwa kuwedzera torque. It wakaisirwa ave mutemo, avo motokari kuti zvakagadzirirwa kushandiswa mune zvakaipa mugwagwa ezvinhu. Panyaya iyi, zvatinosiita nhamba transmissions mubhokisi hakungavi zvakakwana pano kubatsira kuwana zvenguva giya reshiyo nokubata.

Funga zvinotevera mamiriro ezvinhu: mu Gear chechina pane imwe injini ichimhanya basa zvakananga ezvinhu ane zadzisa, pane yakaderera giya, injini rechitatu "vakamonyanisa." Muchiitiko chino, zvichabatsira zvakare hutachiwana.

Sei zvinosanganisira yakaderera giya?

Zvakakodzera kumisa motokari, ipapo huru mhikuriso gearbox mu kwazvakarerekera chinzvimbo, uye mhikuriso bhokisi zvakawanda - ". Kukwira giya" kuti Ipapo batira. Havasi vose transmissions varipo kuchinjwa bhokisi yoga. Muchiitiko chino, kwakajairika CPR ane mhikuriso chaihwo izvo giya iyi kuroorana. Kana rutapudzo giya vachamutswawo mune kuipa nzira, iyo nyaya refu mukana zadzisa sezvo injini uye hutachiwana. Somugumisiro, zvose chikwata anogona sousingabatsiri.

Application downshift uye differential zvechizarira

Saka, sezvo zvatakadzidza danho-pasi - dzimwe giya, izvo zvinoderedza uwandu nokumukirana engoro ari kugara injini aimhanya. Kazhinji iri kuiswa iri kuchinjwa nyaya. Kuvapo Its zvinoita kuti SUV zvinodhura, kwakanyanya uye zvikuru kunzwisisa. Asi pamusoro motokari youpfumi hazvina nguva dzose kuisa pachinzvimbo, kubatanidza PTO shure ekisero gearbox rikaitika nokupfuuridzirwa sump downshift. WePonto kukonzera SUVs ichiderera uye pedyo pamwe crossovers chete motokari guta. motokari idzi kazhinji kunyimwa uye downshift. Zvino kwakanga kwave kwekuita kwakadaro kuti chokutanga - nokuvapo akanaka ezvinhu mumotokari pane ayo kure-mugwagwa kugona. Vagadziri Most vari Kuenda unobereka muviri uye pave nemamiriro kare. jeeps Real vachiri SUVs avo, izvo downshifted uye differential zvechizarira, saka kuti havana kutya chero zvipingamupinyi.

Differential zvechizarira kunodiwa kuvandudza muchinjikwa. differential pacharo rakakamurwa muchinjikwa ekisero uye Inter-ekisero. motokari yapfuura asina michina yakadaro, saka kushaya kwavo inokanganisa kuchengeteka zvinhu zviri kugadzirwa. Transverse differential anobvumira mavhiri kutendeukira panguva aimhanya zvakasiyana, zvakakodzera, somuenzaniso kana motokari anoita dzoro. Asi ayo kuvapo unogona kutungamirira kuti vachidzipukuta pamwe injini simba vachaenda chete kuti vhiri riri chavasina, mumwe zvichange wakaiswa. Kana iwe akakiya differential injini simba zvichabviswa vakagovera pakati pamakumbo anomonereka vane vakaenzana, uye nokudaro motokari anogona kukunda chipingamupinyi.

Center differential kwakafanana nheyo nezvezvakaitwa: kunobatsira kumberi uye neshure ekisero kufamba panguva aimhanya siyana uye trajectories siyana. Asi mune mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu, izvi zvinogona kuomesa basa: kana nemhuru mavhiri pamberi, neshure achava vakaneta. Nokukiya muzinda differential anogona kubudirira kupedza dambudziko iri. SUVs, yaizivikanwa rakaisvonaka maneuverability, sezvinoita mutemo, akashongedzerwa zvitatu dzevhudzi: neshure, kumberi uye centre differential.

SUVs vane rutapudzo giya uye differential zvechizarira

Pari zvino pane uchiripo kure-mugwagwa vatsvakurudzi, vakagadzirira ose anodiwa midziyo kuti vanonzwa panokwanisika pamusoro hukawanika zvose. Pakati pamotokari idzi Somuenzaniso, dzakadai Chevrolet Trailblazer, Hummer H3, Land Rover Dicovery.

"Treylbleyzer" ane muviri mukuru, ane muviri mamiriro uye refu mazita michina zvakanakira. It ane inopenya uye utsinye nechitarisiko. Muna 2015, muenzaniso ane kumbonyanya nouchapupu reserved kuna vose panze uye michina "stuffing." Suspension dzamutswa, asi chokwadi ichi uye zvinounza imwe kushayikwa rokudzora SUV: rwakapetwa duku sokuti munguva unopinza muchichinjana. Car kunofadza Pataidzokera unhu rinogona pamberi rakazara akagadzirwa anodiwa hurongwa.

Zvino isu tiende kune American muenzaniso mukundi kure-road - "Hammer". At moyo kugadzirwa boka iri motokari aishandisa ruzivo kunyanya zvechiuto. Hazvishamisi kuti akakwanisa kusika munhu chaiye utsinye SUV. Series kugadzirwa akamurambidza kudzoka muna 2010 uye pakaziviswa gore rapera kuti Hummer H3 inowanika chete chinokosha kuti. Auto akasiyana huru pasi Clearance, michini makuru, mavhiri makuru, dzakapfeka kugadzirirwa kure-munzira matai, uye, zvakakosha, zvinonzi akashongedzerwa nomumwe zvakanakisisa mugadziriro zvishoma nezvishoma uye differential zvechizarira, izvo akakweretwa kubva uto indasitiri.

"Kuwanika" ndiyo imwe mashoma British SUVs vairinda pamatanda mamiriro. Haasi chete Vakamupfekedza chitarisiko, asi rakawedzera nyaradzo uye maneuverability. Injini siyana kunyange ndisina mupfumi sarudzo, asi anotarisa chaizvo. Kiya nayo richiwanika modes akawanda, uye motokari Anozvirumbidza yakanaka mana nemavhiri. Kuvimbika uye chatingatevedzera motokari zvechokwadi hunoshamisa.

jeeps izvi angabudirira kushanda mune imwe madhorobha ezvinhu, asi magumo avo vechokwadi se guru uye rinorema michina - chaihwo kure-munzira. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti motokari idzi havagoni kunzi mutengo-inoshanda, uye vari vakapakata refu mazita zvinhu hazvisi akakodzera kushandiswa pamusoro Migwagwa jipi.

Types downshift

Sezvo honye rutapudzo rachulis kushandiswa, kashoma cylindrical uye mapuraneti. Honye giya ndechimwe meshing rachulis pamwe intersecting namasanhu of miseve. Movement mairi zvinoitwa musi sikuruwa peya. Huru ehupfumi ayo yakaderera ruzha nokuda avimbisana features, vade yakaderera kunyatsoshanda, diki kukura uye hombe giya reshiyo. Zvichienzaniswa chaitika giya honye giya kunopa kumeso nani. Izvi mhando yedzimudzangara ane kukuru rine torque kuwedzera uye kuderera nokukurumidza kupfuura mamwe marudzi rachulis vane zvombo. Atevere giya rinoshandiswa zvigadziriswe ane kufanana mugodhi. Nokuti ichi mhando kunoda yakakwirira zvakarurama nokuda magadzirirwo zvinhu.

Gears yakavimbika uye hunogara, pasi zvinobvumidzwa mutoro pamwero, anogona kutaurwa zvipi zvokuti panguva kumhanya, yakadai mashandiro ane mukuru ruzha sandara, uye haigoni flexibly kupindura changing mutoro. A siyana rachulis uye mapuraneti ndiwo. Vane rachulis pamwe chinjwa namasanhu. anotamisa kwakadaro vane yakaderera uremu, kuderedza kompanovki, tichienzanisa kwakajairika rachulis zvibereko zvishoma ruzha, uye mukana yokuwana yakakwirira hutachiwana ratios. Pakati zvainovhiringidzawo vanogona kutaurwa vakawanda zvikamu, vakawedzera zvinodiwa kuti zvakarurama vanomhanyisa uye gadzira.