6-chizvarwa anorwisa. Ndege yehondo: mapikicha uye nokurondedzerwa

Air Force - mumwe mhuri pakukura Russia mauto. The muzvigadzirwa ukuru ndege - rinokosha chokuratidza kuti kurwa kugona of Air Force. Uye saka hondo advance enyika - Russia, USA, China - tsvakai panyaya iyi kuti vave mumwe nhano mberi vasara panyika. Uye naizvozvo handitsvaki chete nezvombo mauto ayo sovremennymii ivhu zvokushandisa, asiwo kuita yemhando kukura. Kusanganisira avhiyesheni.

Ndiani pachipfuva zhinji pose okugadzira mahofisi akasimbisa 6 chizvarwa anorwisa. Machinery "mudiki" pamisara ndotodururwa kugadzirwa uye kubhururuka. Havana kusunungurwa vokuRussia uye vokuAmerica, uye, maererano nedzimwe nemishumo, Chinese. Uye nokuti chinokosha pamusoro makwikwi wemauto emarudzi Air Force achava okuguma varwi pamusoro apa. Kana kuti kutarisira chimiro michina izvi?

Nzira dzekuziva nadzo 6 zvizvarwa

Chaizvoizvo, maererano Inzirai, mumwe murwi itsva inganzi kusvikira 6 chizvarwa ndege? Pakati huru, kuti dzinonzi nyanzvi - zvionera kutiza. Kureva muchina haangavi kubata vanhu uye kombiyuta - zvaitika kana kure kusakarongeka nevanhu. Zvisinei, kune nyanzvi mune avhiyesheni, vanoti chizvarwa murwi 6 anogona piloted. Zvinokwanisika, nyanzvi vanobvuma kuti mukirasi Newest yemota vachava rinowanika maviri zvemichina implementations panguva imwe chete.

Pane shanduro iri pedyo American aviators unmanned pfungwa uye Russia, akavapindurawo, mumwe umo ndege achapiwa ichitongwa murume. Designers vokuUnited States, sezvataurwa nhamba zvinyorwa rinowanikwa napo kupa vanodzima chinhu chinopa yakakwirira nemishonga kuti zadzisa, sezvo robhoti achakwanisa kurwa navo pasina zvinetso. The vokuRussia, uyewo, chiwanzo chokudavira kuti hapana kombiyuta haasi kukwanisa kushandisa muchina panguva kwevanhu pamwero. Zvisinei, mumamiriro ezvinhu ose ndege kubva kuRussia uye vatsigiri zhinji uye unmanned pfungwa. Zvisinei, sezvataurwa nevamwe nyanzvi, muchikamu ichi mainjiniya Russian vari chekutaura muduku Western dzomuzana. In nokusimbisa ichi vari kundikana miedzo matsva yemashoko unmanned motokari vakasikwa Russian Federation. Uye nokuti 6-chizvarwa murwi Russia, nyanzvi dzinoti, vamwe zvichida kusika pahwaro pfungwa, izvo zvichaita dzichengete vanhu nendege.

Pakati pezvimwe zvakakosha zvinodiwa vaizotibata michina senyanzvi kudaidza unoshamisa pasi profile. The kuitika pamwero zvigadzirwa "namano" ndege anodzivirira pamusoro mhepo kudzivirira gadziriro haisi 100%. Uyezve, kana isu kutora zvikuru ano mhepo kuzvidzivirira chombo mugadziriro, akadai, somuenzaniso, Russian S-400, kuti "namano" panguva ano mumatunhu - haisi chipingamupinyi kwavari. Zvisinei, 6-chizvarwa murwi vanotarisirwa nyanzvi, achakwanisa kusiya basa, kunyange yemazuva ano yemhando mhepo kudzivirira enyika tichiregeredza namano. Sezvineiwo, zviri pamusoro nzira kungaita Anti-mhepo kuzvidzivirira (Anti-zvombo, yokubata kumeso, etc.).

Rinotevera chokuratidza - a disproportionately pangozi huru murwi zvichienzaniswa yapfuura chizvarwa michina. zvino kana uchitsanya uto ndege kubhururuka chete indekisi vanenge 3 Mach, 6-chizvarwa kukura vanotarisirwa kuti kukunda pachikumbaridzo 5. Cruising nokukurumidza (pasina kutendeukira pamusoro afterburner chebasa) ari Newest varwi, nyanzvi dzinoti, zvechokwadi izvozvo zvichakanganisa supersonic. Uyewo uchava kukwanisa kuwana nokukurumidza zvikuru. Sezvingabvira, ari cruising kumhanya ramangwana murwi achava akafanana nhasi afterburning nokukurumidza - Mach 1.5-2. Mumwe fungidzira kuita injini kuti yakaiswa pa ultrafast varwi - yakakwirira chaizvo kunyatsoshanda. Pamusana kwaari, ndege inogona kubhururuka pasina refueling kwenguva refu, uye saka mberi achifamba-famba huru hama marefu ose nezvigadziko zvadzo.

Kubva STRUCTURAL nemaonero 6 chizvarwa muchina, sezvo nyanzvi dzinofunga achava ergonomic chaizvo. Zvinoita kuti munhu bapiro, somuenzaniso, kazhinji kacho ari encased mune fuselage. Pane mukana, nyanzvi dzinoti vanodzima kuva 6 chizvarwa chenyika hazvizozivikanwi nepokuongorora wehunyambiri muswe hukawanika. Zvichida panguva mwoyo ndege Magadzirirwo pfungwa "kubhururuka bapiro" (kufanana futuristic zvakasuruvara B-2, inomira pamusoro US Air Force).

Sei vachatarira sezvinoita Newest murwi? Photography, riri yakaderera, anogona kutipa anofungidzirwa nemunhu.

Zvichida 6 rudzi muchina kuchaita maneuverability (kusanganisira dzimwe ndege ezvinhu ari chaizvo aimhanya). Kuti aite izvi, mienzaniso vose vakapakata injini pamwe vaise vectoring. The ndege inofanira kuva nyore kuita kuti ari pamakona anenge 60 inegumi. Nei kunaka ndege, kana pfupi-siyana mhepo hondo vangangozova sezvisingaiti? Pfungwa huru maonero pamusoro mamakisi ichi - maneuverability achibvumira vanodzima kufamba mukati yechinangwa vanonzi "chombo kudzivirira" trajectories. Ndiko, apo unoshamisa musoro iri kusvika kubva SAM, muchina anogona zvinoshamisa kumbomira. Anti-ndege zvinoita zvokukandwa, saka, asingakwanisi exchange rinoshamisa iri anowa rakafara chiratidzo.

Chiizve zvichawedzerwa kuna Newest murwi? Tinogona kutarisira chitarisiko mavari nani, zvichienzaniswa huripo, ari mashandiro kuti kudyidzana pamwe pano zvinhu. Uye kwete chete nenyika asiwo gungwa, nzvimbo, kana kunyange pasi pemvura. The yakanakisisa murwi ari ichangobva chizvarwa, nyanzvi dzinoti - ndiye, kupfuura zvose, kukwanisa kutaura dzichimhanya kupfuura dzimwe tactical uye inokosha Data kubva murayiro centre nezvimwe ndege, kuti vawane mashoko kubva satellites. izvi zvose achabvumira mutyairi kuti mberi anokumhan'arira pazvisarudzo kiyi kukanganisa kubudirira muhondo basa.

Uyewo, Ungangove, uto varwi 6 chizvarwa zvichabviswa vakapakata zvombo ane yakakura nharaunda pamusoro kuhondo basa pane nhasi kubvumira ivhu. Pane shanduro zvakanga zvakafanira kuti zvinhu kuita kutumirwa kure motokari angakudzivisai nhaurwa pamwe azvino mhepo kudzivirira enyika. Somuenzaniso, kuti musiyano wezvinyorwa zvichaita kuti kurwisa chitundumuseremusere kanda zviri radar kunyange asati anoona kuti pamusoro-soro kunzwisisa ndege. Zvichida achangobuda michina achaparadzwa vakagadzirira kwete zvombo, izvo kazhinji kushandiswa ikozvino, asi Laser zvivako. Uye chinangwa chakasiyana chaizvo: sezvo avo zvakagadzirirwa kuti redhiyo-yemagetsi hondo (waipedza muvengi avionics) uye lasers anogona yakarova kunangwa pachavo. Zvinogoneka kuti chombo zvichaitwawo remagetsi. zvombo avo, zviri anofanirwa kuisa 6-rudzi muchina kuchabhururuka panguva yakadaro pamwero kuti mhepo kuzvidzivirira hurongwa havangagoni kwavari "kuramba."

Lovemore yakanakisisa murwi kwenyika?

Mumwe mubvunzo unokosha. Dzimwe nyanzvi dzinodavira - hazvingaiti kuti munhu kubva ndege anogona kusika chinangwa akanakisisa murwi munyika. Pakazosvika nguva-chizvarwa matanhatu muchina achaurawa kushanda, padanho zvigadzirwa kwavari kuva pamusoro chete. About izvi zvino chete 5th varwi chizvarwa. Russian T-50 uye US F-22, seboka, maererano nenyanzvi dzakawanda, zvakafanana chaizvo nezvaanogona uye zvakafanana siyana kwezvinhu. Uye ichi pasinei nokuti vairwa kuti 3rd uye 4th Zera, anobudiswa Russia (uye napamberi kuti - in Soviet Union), dzimwe nguva, vanamazvikokota vakawanda vanofunga, aiva musoro akareba kupfuura American dzomuzana, ndiEzekieri. Achitaura 6 zvizvarwa, zvinonzi vakatenda nenyanzvi, kunyange kana vamwe ndege achatungamirira Somuenzaniso, muna kukurumidza, hazvivimbisi kuti vamwe zvinoriumba (semuenzaniso, maneuverability), havangavi kupa vakwikwidzi. Chinhu chinokosha zvikuru ndiyo muchina kutsigirwa nevamwe mapazi dzebasa - nzvimbo, mhepo kudzivirira, zvikepe, mune mamwe mabasa - uyewo zvakohwewa.

Ko ndinoda Russian ndege 6 zvizvarwa?

Nharaunda iri avhiyesheni nyanzvi vane pfungwa kuti 6-chizvarwa murwi, uye havadi Mauto ano, kusanganisira Russian. In rutsigiro rinopa mhando mbiri inokosha nenharo. Pazuva rokutanga vavo - mhepo kudzivirira gadziriro dzichakurukurwa muhurukuro rimwezve kuzviita kupfuura mapapiro unyanzvi. Uye saka chose kukodzera, nyanzvi dzinofunga kuti pave rengarava pakati Newest uye kupfuura zvose, zvinodhura chaizvo murwi kamwe vangangodaro chaizvo akapfura pasi muhondo.

Chimwe nharo - mabikirwo kuvakwa ano muchiuto ndege, pfungwa, dzakasvika pamwero wakadaro kuti muchina kuti zvaizova zvechokwadi kupfuura matambudziko. Russian muchina T-50 American murwi F-22, uye kuti ari pamwe nechekare vachigadzirira yabudiswa ndege 5th chizvarwa, pfungwa, kuva zvakakwana kushanda noitika kupa mauto anoda kwemakumi emakore kuuya, nyanzvi dzinoti. Kunyanya, mumwe parameter yakadai huru Vector kuzvidzora, izvo anotarisirwa kuti tichisunga pamusoro 6-chizvarwa ndege, aripo mune michina zhinji ano. Uye kuti ndiye maneuverability, izvo takakurukura kumusoro, hapana kunyange vamwe varwi chizvarwa 4. Tisingatauri ano T-50 uye F-22. Uyezve, kreysersaya kumhanya vose ndege, maererano nedzimwe nyanzvi, kunogona kusvika supersonic tsika.

Pachine nguva yaro

Pane shanduro kuitika murwi mienzaniso zvakagadzirirwa chokupika basa kwemakore 50. Izvi zvisina kunanga kwechokwadi nokuti ndege kunyange rapfuura, 4th Zera, yakatanga nepakati 60s, akabudirira kunoshanda mauto vaitungamirira masimba uto kwenyika kusvikira zvino. Vanovakira unhu hwavo - murwi akurumidze, chombo, maneuverability - zviri basa, nyanzvi dzinoti, matambudziko ano. Kune vaya, zvikurukuru, anosanganisira mota zvakadai Russian Su-30 American F-14.

Panewo imwe pfungwa kuti kunyange vamwe ndege yacho 4th chizvarwa anogona kukwikwidzana zvikuru zvinobudirira mune dzimwe zvinoumba vaizotibata zviitiko. Zvikurukuru, kune avo dzimwe nyanzvi kutarirwa Russian murwi - iri Su-35, third-29, muna ichangoburwa shanduro. Uyezve, huripo michina (zvose 4 uye 5 chizvarwa) vane, maererano nenyanzvi dzakawanda, Tichitarisa zvaigona mazuvaano. Uye nekuti vazhinji mashandiro pakati avo kuti zvichaita kuonekwa maonero ndege, inogona 'Volt "kune mimwe yapfuura varwi chizvarwa.

Kana michina itsva vachava?

Apo pachava kirasi mutsva ndege? Nyanzvi dzinofungidzira kuti bvunzo nemiedzo michina yakadaro zvinogoneka panozokwana 10 makore, kushanda chaiko 20. Pane shanduro yokutanga-chizvarwa murwi ivakwe 6 vokuAmerica. Kunze rinobatsira anonyanya kukuru muchiuto bhajeti iri USA, dzimwe nguva mukuru kune iri kurasa Russia uye China ndiro, kunyange kana tiri pfupisa navo. Uyewo, US ane enviable, maererano nenyanzvi dzakawanda, kwezvinhu zvinogona.

Kunyange zvazvo, sezvataurwa nevamwe nyanzvi, kwete zvose vekuAmerica vari kudaro zvakanaka. Zvikurukuru, nyanzvi dzakawanda vari kutsoropodza huripo yemhando kugadzirwa US - zvakafanana F-22 uyewo maonero F-35 (izvo, sezvinei, kwete rudzi ane shanu kuti anogona kusimbisa zvisina kunanga kushaya kuziva vagadziri ari goho pa pamwero 6).

Huripo prototypes: American pfungwa

Ndezvipi prototypes Michini 6 nezvizvarwa? Ndezvipi zvinofanirwa kuva chakanakisisa murwi munyika mukirasi ano?

Kune avo, vamwe vanamazvikokota kutarirwa chirongwa F / A-XX, yakataurwa Boeing. Zvinofungirwa kuti zvichava akaendesa inobva murwi kuti US Navy, izvo zvinogona kushandiswa nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana yetsiva mishoni. The kumumvuri muchina wakatangwa kunyika Boeing mainjiniya muna 2008. ndege magadzirirwo chinhu ndechokuti haina hunyambiri muswe, apo ivo vanenge zvose varwi ano. Photo kujairika F / A XX pazasi.

midziyo mapapiro, sezvo nyanzvi dzinoti, zvakafanana avo pezvokuvamba F-22. Mune nzvimbo yemutekenyi iri ndege achivimbisa tichitarisa ane marongerwo, pane nzvimbo mbiri nokuda vezvikepe. Chokutanga, sezvo nyanzvi dzinofunga kuti dzitarisire murwi uye rechipiri - kutungamirira unmanned zvemuchadenga motokari, vanobatanidzwa chombo Kit. Zvisinei, vanamazvikokota vakawanda, akanyonganisa guru kushanda kurema muchina - 45 matani. Zvisinei, pane imwe pfungwa panyaya iyi - on muviri nesimba kunogona injini kupfuura simba, nokudaro kuwedzera zvinonyatsorehwa huru-muchina. Injini, izvo zvinogona vakamira F / A-XX - zvakafanana kuti seti kuna F-35. Izvo kamwe zvakare inosimbisa chokwadi kuti vakawanda zvigadzirwa yanhasi kare kusangana nzira dzekuziva nadzo 6 zvizvarwa. Zvinotarisirwa kushanda F / A-XX mukurima - pakati 2020s.

Makore mashomanana pashure pokunge anoratidza yokutanga F / A-XX paruzhinji Boeing akaita patange nyika kuti yoku- shanduro yaro 6 chizvarwa muchina pfungwa. Maererano nekubatwa, ndege anotora anogadzirwa zvakafanana mune shanduro mbiri mabikirwo - unmanned uye mumwe apo kudzorwa chikwata vachava vanhu. Zvinotarisirwa kuti ndege achakwanisa kutsiva rechina-chizvarwa varwi akadai F-18s pamusoro anotevera emakore.

Boeing Co., Zvichakadai, ane rumwe Pfungwa chizvarwa murwi 6. Izvi muchina FX. Mwari akaronga pasina Navy, uye zvakananga nokuda US Air Force. Zvinotarisirwa kuti ndege ichatsiva F-22. The chikuru mukana muchina unonzi refu kwazvo nokukurumidza.

Zvinozivikanwa kuti mumwe aviagigant American - Lockheed Martin - rave akagadzira yayo pfungwa. Zvisinei, chokwadi zveramangwana ndege kubva ichi akasimba ichiri shoma. Pane, zvichida, mashoko chete kuti motokari achapiwa neve Integrated aerodynamic pfungwa.

VokuAmerica, sezvo dzimwe nyanzvi dziri kutungamirirwa anofungidzirwa ari mashoko 6-chizvarwa murwi nokutumwa. Maximum nechido zvikuru kumirira United States - kumugumo 2030s pamberi. Uyewo, akanga apiwa kushongedza hondo America kuronga kwemakore 20 pashure kushanda ndege iri Serial kugadzirwa.

Ndege kubva Europe

Pakati chinozikamwa European kumumvuri 6-chizvarwa ndege - kukura boka Dassault dzouropi. Zvisinei, zvose kuti apo mainjiniya vanozvirova ichi kambani - munhu drone the mano akanaka, vakasikwa vaine nokushandiswa "namano" -technology. Akaratidzwa nyika muna 2012. Zvisinei, injiniya kubudirira dzave chinozoiswa mariri, nyanzvi dzinofunga anogona kuva hwaro hwenguva 6-chizvarwa michina.

Chinese purojekiti

Panguva iyoyo, China kwakaita ndege kuti pakupedza murwi 5 nezvizvarwa. Zviri pamusoro J-20 uye J-ndege 31. Saka kure, nyanzvi dzinofunga kuti Chinese mainjiniya havasi zvakare kutsauswa kwenguva kukura, asi pane uchapupu hwokuti mamwe vafarire vagadziri kubva China pakasikwa 6 chizvarwa muchina. Uyewo vokuEurope, wokuChina mainjiniya ndakasika munhu yepamusorosoro drone the mano, yainzi Lijian, dzinoratidzwa pasi zvinoonekwa kuti radar. Kubva musi kukura iyi, nyanzvi dzinoti, aizobudirira Ndege yehondo kunogona kuvakwa zvachose. Zvinogoneka kuti zvichaita kusvika pamwero aenzane 6 chizvarwa zvinodiwa.

Japanese kumumvuri

Vagadziri vanobva kuJapan, sezvakataurwa munharaunda dzakasiyana-siyana, vanobatanidzwawo mukugadzirisa kwechikwata chechikoro. Zvinotendwa kuti nheyo yemotokari ichava ndege yekuedza ATD-X. Pane shanduro iyo murwi wechizvarwa chechitanhatu chiJapane chichavaka mukubatana nevagadziri vanobva kuU.SA. Nyanzvi dzinodana ATD-X muenzaniso, iyo inogona kuva chikonzero chekushandisa mhando yepamusoro-soro yezvinoitika mune ramangwana. Kusanganisira kuve kwekurwa kwechizvarwa chechitanhatu.

Russian concept

Ndezvipi zvinhu zviri muimba yekugadzira chikoro? Pane mukana wekuti murwi weRussia wezera rechitanhatu achakurumidza kuuya? Inongozivikanwa chete kuti hutungamiri wemauto ehurumende ine zvirongwa zvekugadzira mishonga yakadaro. Pane humwe humwe ruzivo rwunokurudzirwa mune izvi hunoitwa mune kambani Sukhoi. Zvisinei, zvishoma zvinonyatsozivikanwa nezvemazuva anogoneka ekutanga kwekuvandudzwa uye kutumirwa kwechikwata chakadaro mukugadzirwa. Nhasi, zvinhu zvose zvevashandi veRussia dzinokandirwa pane vamwe varwi veRussia - T-50, vari vechizvarwa chechipiri, uyewo zvemazuva ano emotokari yevatungamiri vekare. Asi pakati pevadzidzisi pane shanduko iyo ndiyo T-50 inogona kuva chikonzero chekusika kwechizvarwa chechizvarwa chechitanhatu.

Pamusoro pezvo tatoti vaRussia vanogadzira vanogona kutanga kusika mishonga inokurudzira zvose pamusana pezvisizvo uye pamusana pekombiyuta inosanganisira kubatanidzwa mukutungamirirwa kwebhururu revanhu. Kana sarudzo yekutanga inosarudzwa sechikonzero, ipapo "Skat" chigadzirwa chechigadzirwa chakagadzirwa neMiG OKB chinogona kushandiswa sechikonzero chekusimudzira. Dzidzo inoshandiswa mairi, maererano nenyanzvi, inogona kubatsira kutsigira kuti murwi weRussia wezera rechitanhatu akaonekwa mune ramangwana risati ravapo.

Panguva imwecheteyo, kune mitsara mumashambareti kuti chiito chekutanga chechina chekugadzirwa kwemichina, yakagadzirwa nevanjiniya kubva kuRussian Federation, ichaonekwa mumakore gumi anotevera 10-12. Izvi, zvichida, zvichabata neUnited Aircraft Corporation. Panguva imwecheteyo, zvinonzwika kuti vashandi vekuRussia vane mukana wekutora United States, iyo yakaronga kugadzira ndege yekirasi yakafanana kuma2030s. Panguva imwecheteyo, sezvinonzi nyanzvi dzinoti, vanjiniya vanobva kuRussia Federation havati vasati vafunga nezvechinhu chaicho chemunhu anenge achida kurwisana, achifunga kuti kubudirira kwacho ndechimwe nyaya yezesayenzi kunze kwekugadzira imwe.