A hashi basa iri: chii, sei uye chii chinoitika

Kazhinji, kana kudhanilodha hova kana mafaira zvakananga pachavo vari nerondedzero pane chinhu chakafanana «ad33e486d0578a892b8vbd8b19e28754» (somuenzaniso, muna ex.ua), kazhinji katsamba «MD5». Izvi hashi Bumbiro - zvokuti outputs munhu hashi basa pashure processing huri kuuya mashoko. In Chirungu ari hashi chinoratidza kuvhiringidzika, mbanje, sora, kana kuva nezvokudya nyama minced uye miriwo. Decrypt kuti hashi akaoma, tinogona kutaura kuti zvisingaiti. Ipapo mubvunzo unomuka: "Nei tichifanira zvose izvi hashi mashandiro, kana vopa isinganzwisisiki gibberish, idzo hazvigoni deciphered?". Izvi zvichakurukurwa munyaya ino.

Ndechipi hashi basa, uye sei kushanda?

basa iri rakagadzirirwa kutendeutsa kuuya Data pamadiro yakawanda somugumisiro wakaiswa urefu. The chaizvo mutoo mumwe kuchinja kwakadaro inonzi hashing, uye mugumisiro - a hashi kana hashi yekubvuma. Dzimwe nguva kunyange kushandisa shoko "fingapurindi" kana "mashoko gaya", asi tsika vari vashoma zvikuru. Pane zvakawanda zvakasiyana algorithms sei kuchinja chero dataset mune imwe kutevedzana zviratidzo vamwe urefu. Yainyanya kushandiswa algorithm inonzi MD5, iyo yakatanga kare 1991. Pasinei chokwadi kuti kufambidzana, MD5 ndiyo zvishoma nderechinyakare uye kushandiswa haina varumbidzwa, zvichiri huchiri kumativi, uye kazhinji pane "hashi bumbiro" riri nzvimbo nyore kunyora MD5, uye anoratidza bumbiro remitemo pachayo.

Nei tichifanira kuva hashi basa?

Kuziva mugumisiro, zvisingaiti kuona yepakutanga data, asi chete kuuya Data kupa zvakafanana mugumisiro. Naizvozvo, kuti hashi basa (anonziwo ari convolution basa) inowanzoshandiswa yokuchengetera vasanonoka chaizvo mashoko akadai password, Username, ID nhamba uye mamwe mashoko pachako. Pane kuenzanisa mashoko akapinda kubudikidza inodzidzisa, naavo mudura Database, pane kuenzanisa hashes. Izvi zvinoita kuti kana netsaona leakage mashoko, hapana anogona kushandisa zvinokosha Data nokuda kwezvinangwa zvavo. Nokuenzanisa hashi code uyewo zvakakunakira kutarisa Kururama kudhanilodha mafaira kubva Internet, kunyanya kana kukurukurirana Kuvhiringidza kwakaitika munguva download.

Hashi: zvavari T

Zvichienderana rwendo rwenyu hashi basa kunogona kuva mumwe matatu mhando:

1. Zvaiitwa kuti aone kuvimbika mashoko

Kana date yedzimudzangara network, pane kuverenga pamusoro hashi packet, uye ichi mugumisiro anonzi inoparadzirwa pamwechete faira. Kana paakapiwa zvakare computed hashi bumbiro uye zvichienzaniswa mutengo yakawanikwa parutivi rwomumbure. Kana bumbiro remitemo asingadi kuenderana, inoratidza kutadza, uye ukama pasuru zvichabviswa Kutamiswa zvakare. Zvakadaro kuverenga basa yokutsanya nokukurumidza asi vashomanana hashi tsika uye murombo pakusimba. Muenzaniso uyu mhando: CRC32, ine tsika dzakasiyana 232 chete.

2. The cryptographic shanda

Izvi mhando inoshandiswa kudzivirira kunze komutemo kuwana (ND). Vanobvumira kuti aone kana paiva Data uori somugumisiro wacho LP panguva kuchinjwa mafaira pamusoro pemambure. hashi wechokwadi pachena kuwanikwa iyi, sezvo vakagamuchira faira hashi kunogona computed vachishandisa muzvizhinji purogiramu yakasiyana. zvimwe kwakadaro upenyu hurefu uye wakatsiga mashandiro, uye kutsvaka kwemotokari (zvinogoneka machisi kunobva yakasiyana kupi Data) kunzwisisa chaizvo. Mabasa akadaro inoshandiswa kuchengetera ari pasiwedhi Database (SH1, SH2, MD5) uye mamwe mashoko anokosha.

3. Zvaiitwa akagadzirirwa uvhure nyatsoshanda date mamiriro

Chinangwa charo nani chiine zvakarongeka sangano mashoko ari chaiyo yakarongeka, unonzi hashi tafura. tafura iyi kunoita kuti kuwedzera ruzivo rutsva, zvinomuomera kuikanganwa ruzivo, uye kunzvera zvaidiwa mashoko ari kumusoro chaizvo aimhanya.