A mhosva pamusoro hurumende: pfungwa, mifananidzo, unhu

A mhosva pamusoro nezviremera zvenyika, uyewo sokukanganisirwa zvinodiwa National basa kana bhizimisi zvitunha remunharaunda kuzvitonga - iri zviito zvine ngozi (kana isingadzorwi). Akaita vashandi vasiri vakuru, vakuru vehurumende, zvimwe machinda kana nevamwe vashandi, mhiri nzira zvido basa, nokuda chinzvimbo anogara pabasa. Mabasa akadaro kana dzakasiyiwa anokanganisa kuipa mvumo nezviremera, uyewo kuwanda zvinodiwa National basa kana zviremera zvomunzvimbo. Vanogona ane ngozi kukonzera kukuvara kwakadaro.

siyana mhosva

Muchikamu rinokosha chikamu mutemo mhosva yakapiwa anenge 255 mhando dzakasiyana mhosva. Pakati pavo vakasarudza govera mapoka makuru matanhatu kwokudarika:

• kurwisa munhu;
• mhosva uto;
• pamusoro kuchengeteka ruzhinji;
• kurwisa masimba yenyika;
• mu dzezvoupfumi;
• kuzorwa rugare uye kuchengeteka kwevanhu.

Zvinoitwa mhosva hurumende simba hazvipi mujeri code, uye dzidziso mutemo mhosva.

zvinhu

Mhosva pamusoro hurumende uye rinoitirwa ndivo zvinhu:

• Acts zvakaitwa private vatambi. Kunze - kupa chiokomuhomwe. Nyaya mumamiriro ezvinhu kwakajairika.
• Utsotsi zvingaita kuti nokuti kuti nyaya ane nzvimbo hofisi chikuru kana simba rehurumende inoshandisa yayo.
• Acts ane kurwisa hurumende hurumende reruwa, uye vanokanganisa dzose kushanda nedare miviri uye vehurumende.

mhosva

Mhosva vari rakakamurwa mamwe mapoka, chimwe nechimwe rinouya pasi nyaya nemutadzi mitemo weRussia.

Mhosva pamusoro mamiriro:

• kushungurudzwa pamutemo okuita (Article 286.);
• kushungurudzwa pamutemo simba (285 v.);
• Kuwedzera hurumende kunonyora pachena mashoko venhema (Article 285,3.);
• misappropriation kuti bhajeti mari manwiro (Article 285,1.);
• tsvina kukodzera mari nehurumende non-budgetary mari (Article 285 chikamu 2).
• basa kodzero yepamutemo (Article 288.);
• kukundikana nhengo Interior chirevo (Article 286,1.);
• kuramba kupa ruzivo kuna Federal Assembly, iyo nokumunyima of Accounts Chamber of Data (Article 287.);
• zvisiri pamutemo zvinhu zvebhizimisi (Article 289.);
• pfumbamuromo (Article 291.);
• kugamuchira fufuro (Article 290.);
• Mediation munyaya evanoita zvepfumbamuromo (Article 291,1.);
• batanidza diki (Art 291,2.);
• kubiridzira basa (292 v.);
• zvisiri pamutemo issuance pakati mapasipoti ari mugari wenyika Russian Federation, uye zvakafanana pachena kuita mashoko dzenhema mupepa, zvichiguma mutemo pakuunganidza mugari wenyika Russian Federation (Article 292,1.);
• irresponsibility (kuregeredza) (Art. 293).

mhosva committer

In vakawanda mhosva yacho zvingaitwa pamutemo chete.

Vakuru ndivo vanhu kwenguva pfupi, zvachose kana simba rinokosha vanoita mabasa ayo administrative, mabasa musangano uye okutarisira muhurumende, vari nhengo kuti remunharaunda kuzvitonga, matunhu neminisiparati masangano anofanira kushumira Russian Armed Forces, mamwe mauto uye idzodzo zvechiuto.

Munhu ari kwenguva kushanda sezviri dzakananga zvepamusoro, anogona kuziva mutadzi kuti kana mabasa vakanga kwakaitwa munhu nenzira waakaudzwa nemutemo.

Pfungwa zvinhu

Kuti tinzwisise kuti imhosva pamusoro mamiriro, vanofanira kunzwisisa pfungwa yacho mashandiro anoitwa nemunhu mukuru.

KweSangano uye okutarisira mabasa - a Zvaiitwa ane chikwata utungamiri, kusarudzwa uye idzidziso vashandi, sangano kana basa omurume basa, kushandiswa incentives uye nokuiswa nechirango zvirango, kwerunyararo chirango.

anonzi Administrative zveupfumi uye mashandiro, kusanganisira simba dzokurasa uye pfuma Kutarisira, uyewo mari dziri pakuenzanisa jira, uyewo Maakaundi Okubhengi, vari masangano kana masangano uyewo dzakabatana uye dzakabatana zvechiuto. Other Zviito vachawa pano: negadziriso Payroll, bonuses, nokudzora kufamba zvokunyama, pokugadzwa kuti iri kuchengeta upfumi.

chinhu mhosva

Mhosva pamusoro mamiriro kunorevawo chinhu. Pfungwa mhosva ehurumende anoratidza kuti chinhu inofambidzana nokudzorwa mabasa epamutemo kuti chakaipa ehurumende masangano, makanzuru uye voruzhinji masangano, LSG, kuti Armed Forces, siyana uto vamapoka Russia nezvimwe zvombo.

The pakarepo chinhu simba ndiyo zviri pamutemo kodzero uye chepamutemo zvinofarirwa vagari nemasangano. Uyewo pano vari zvinofarirwa kwenzanga, dzakasiyana zvinodiwa mamiriro, izvo vanodzivirirwa mutemo.

Chinangwa divi zvinoreva kuvapo zviratidzo malfeasance Data vari fanira:

• Kuita mabasa aya kunomisa zvinofarirwa basa. Mabasa vasiri chete kuti gamha zvakananga chinangwa muviri, asi neevamwe masimba vakanga hunopiwa mukuru.
• A causal ukama pakati kuti munhu akaita, uye migumisiro yechiito kana kungopeta maoko.

Musiyano pakati vashandi

General zvechadenga mhosva pamusoro mamiriro, nyika zvido kunosanganisira vaita Zvirango, mwero izvo zvinosiyana zvichienderana chii munhu akaita chiito.

Pfungwa yepamutemo iri akamanikana kupfuura pfungwa yokuti muranda matunhu neminisiparati kana voruzhinji.

A mugari uyo anoita mabasa basa nayo, kuti muripo, riri kubhadharwa kubva nyaya Russian Federation kana yeUnited bhajeti, anonzi vashandi.

Munhu achiita mabasa basa nayo, kuti muripo, riri vakabhadhara kubva Regional miviri kuzvitonga, inonzi vashandi matunhu neminisiparati.

Nokudaro chete inoramba kugumisa kuti haana mushandi vose mukuru, asi chero mukuru uchava hurumende kana matunhu neminisiparati vashandi.

vashandi vaya vasingadi kugara pamutemo zvepamusoro, achava nemhosva Chapter 30 Criminal Code (zvikurukuru, Art. 288 uye Art. 292).

kukomba mhosva

Hurumende iri basa kuona kuti upenyu hwevanhu vari munzanga uye ndinosika nzanga yakarongwa uye dzakanaka. Avo mhosva pamusoro mamiriro, kurangwa kwazvo.

vaiona zvikuru ngozi:

• Kupanduka zvombo;
• hurumende ;
• incitement nokuvengana kwemadzinza uye incitement nokuvengana chitendero;
• vasori;
• dzokupandukira, kutaura National zvakavanzika.

Just sei chinobatsira hurumende simba zvikuru kunoenderana coherence basa vashandi vehurumende, uyewo avo vakaperera. Hurumende haafaniri uye zvausingafaniri pfumbamuromo, kwesimba kudivi vanhu pokugara dzomutoro hurumende.

chitarafu

Mhosva pamusoro mamiriro weCriminal Code anotsiva pasina zvichemo.

Somuenzaniso, nekumwisa masimba pamutemo:

• Kana chiito kwakaguma kutyora zviri pamutemo zvido uye kodzero vemo kana masangano, uye chero akadzivirira zvido Hurumende kana nzanga, uye akaita pamusoro mari kuudzwa kana zvimwe kufarira pachavo. Panyaya iyi, chirango kunosanganisira chirango 80 000 rubles. mari iyi inogona kutsiviwa upi mugari variritire nguva kusvika mwedzi mitanhatu. Chisarudzo dare arege kubvumirwa vane imwe chechetere mhando kana, kana kuti kuita zvakananga mabasa. Izwi kurangwa kwakadaro kunogona kuva kusvika 5 years. Zvingavawo chirango muchimiro wechibharo kwemakore anosvika mana. Tsiva chirango ichi anogona kusunga mana kusvikira mwedzi mitanhatu. Ndicho zvikuru inoomesera kurangwa, zvichiratidza yezve rusununguko kusvika 4 makore.
• Chimwe, asi avo zviito achishandisa munhu akabata hofisi paruzhinji kana ari musoro wehurumende simba, anofanira kurangwa yakaisvonaka, iyo ichava akaenzana kukura Z / kana mari kuti nguva 1 kusvika 2 years, kana uwandu 100 000 kusvika 300 000 rubles. Ivo rinogona kushandiswa rokumanikidzirwa. basa kwakadaro kunogona kunoiswa nguva kusvika makore mashanu. Munhu angashayiswa kodzero yokushanda. Zvinoshandawo mujeri kwemakore 7.

Chirango pfumbamuromo

A mhosva pamusoro mamiriro, muenzaniso anogona kuonekwa mazuva ose nhau - evanoita zvepfumbamuromo. Chirango nokuda kwepfumbamuromo kunosanganisira wakanaka uye / kana kusungwa.

Zvakawanda siyana mhosva pamusoro hurumende vane mutaro zvakajeka basa uye kurangwa matanho.

Kuri kuti ane munhu mvumo, yokumwe mukuru kana mukuru vemarudzi akasiyana-siyana sangano paruzhinji anogamuchira kuburikidza murevereri kana munhu fufuro muchimiro mari, magwaro anokosha, pfuma muchimiro pamutemo mabasa kana mabasa vakatakura pfuma hunhu vachifarira munhu anopa pfumbamuromo, izvozvo anofanira kurangwa akaisvonaka. wakanaka pakukura yemakomo kubva mamiriyoni 1 rubles. Uyewo, nomucheka zvinogona akaenzana chitsama mubayiro nokuda nguva nguva kusvika 2 years, kana iri mari yakaenzana 10-50 nguva pakukura chiokomuhomwe. Izvi achipfeka yezve kodzero kutsvaka basa pane imwe nzvimbo chaiyo uye kuita zvimwe zvinhu (vakaomerwa nguva - kusvika makore matatu). Zvirango zvinogona anomiririrwa correctional basa kuti izwi rimwe kusvika makore maviri. Munhu kunyimwa kodzero kutsvaka basa kuti dzakananga zvepamusoro uye kuita zvimwe zvinhu kwenguva panguva anosvika 3 years. Akagadzwa tsanangudzo kumanikidzwa basa nokuti nguva kusvika 5 years. Inopa nokuti yezve mikana vane kana kuita zvimwe basa kwenguva anosvika 3 years. Zvinogonekawo mujeri kwenguva kusvika makore 3 kubva rinorambidzwa yakaisvonaka. Fines zvingava akaenzana kagumi kana makumi maviri nguva uwandu anonyengera.

nokuti Kunwa bhajeti kurangwa

Mhosva pamusoro hurumende, zvinodiwa rinoitirwa muchimiro pachena mari zvinoreva madhigirii siyana kurangwa.

Kupedza bhajeti mari nokuda kwezvinangwa kuti urege kusangana mamiriro ezvinhu umo vari vagamuchira kubudisa siginicha, inofungidzira, zvikonzero mari, ziviso pamusoro allocations kubva bhajeti, rave zvavakaita zvikurukuru pamwero, nechirango akaisvonaka.

chitsama akanaka anobva 100 000 kusvika 300 000 rubles. kana akaenzana kukura mari kana zvimwe variritire nguva kubva 1 gore 2 years. It kungashandiswawo kuti mutongo wechibharo. Nguva mabasa akadai - kusvika makore maviri. Panyaya iyi, munhu ari kunyimwa kodzero abate chaizvo nzvimbo kana kuti kuitisa zvimwe zvinhu. kurambidza nguva kunogona kuva akaenzana makore anosvika matatu. Uyezve, anogona zvakaverengerwa nguva mujeri anosvika makore maviri kutsvaka basa rine kurambidza vamwe zvepamusoro kana kuita zvimwe zvinhu kwenguva 3 years.

Concept uye nemhando mhosva pamusoro hurumende anopa basa kuti boka revanhu vakanga vakaita chiito zvisiri pamutemo.

Nokuti kushandiswa zvisina kufanira budgetary mari kubudikidza boka vanhu nokuda risati chibvumirano (chibvumirano) kana kuba zvikurukuru yakawanda kurangwa ichava yakanaka. saizi yaro ingabva 200 000 kusvika 500 000 rubles. Fines anogona kwaenzaniswa mubayiro kana mumwe mari. Nguva iro wakasuduruka yakawandisa makore 1-3. It rinogona kushandiswa rokumanikidzirwa nguva kusvika 5 makore ane mberi kodzero kugara zvimwe nzvimbo kana achiita basa dzimwe mhando kwenguva kusvika 3 years. mujeri anogona kuiswa kwemakore anosvika 5 yezve kodzero kutsvaka basa pane dzimwe nzvimbo kana kuita imwe basa.

Mikuru mhosva pamusoro mamiriro, zvinodiwa basa rwunoverengerwa mari kubva bhajeti, rinopfuura miriyoni nemazana mashanu (1 500 000 kwiza.). It anoziva zvikuru guru kukura mamiriyoni mashanu nemazana manomwe (rubles 7.500.000.).

Achiwedzera ruzivo venhema

(. Maererano Article 285 yemutemo weCriminal Code) mhosva pamusoro hurumende, zvinodiwa rinoitirwa muchimiro Kufudza vabatane State Register mashoko vachiziva zvenhema vanoonekwa ne:

• pakatanga mashoko ari yokunyoresa, iyo inozivikanwa pachine unreliability;
• Implementation chitsotsi magwaro zvaiva hwaro zvawanyora pamusoro yokunyoresa;
• chitsotsi magwaro, kukonzera kuchinja evoruzhinji;
• liquidation magwaro kuti ndiyo hwaro kupinda mune hurumende remazita, kunyanya kana kuchengetera magwaro anodiwa uye ushandiswe nomurayiro;
• kuparadzwa zvinyorwa zvaiva hwaro kuchinja ari yokunyoresa.

Kuwirirana chirango chete mhosva

Most vakuru vakuru vehurumende vanobvumirana pfungwa, iyo inotaura kuti ukuru chirango anofanira kuvimba kwete chete pamusoro kwokuomerwa mhosva. Vakadzikama chirango anofanira zvinobva pakuti chinyatsotsanangurwa ari mutemo. Kuti pave nechokwadi kwakakodzera uye zvakakodzera pamutemo framework kunokosha mutemo kuti taurira kupfuura chirango chakakomba.

Pekusadziviririka kurangwa, uyewo basa vashandi vachagara kukonzera yokupedza nayo chinhu chakadai mhosva hurumende simba.