A musanganiswa muvira refractory masonry: murwiyo uye mutengo. Chii inorwara masonry pamusoro yamavira mhinduro?

Kwemazana emakore, mumwe muchoto akanaka anonzi nheyo musha wakanaka. Hazvina chete tsime kupisa. Achibika uye kunyange vagadzikana. Nguva dzose tenzi masonry zvikuru nevanhu. It kwaibva kugona kwavo ushamwari uye unodziya mumba mazuva yechando inotonhora. Panguva vira masonry hapana zvisingakoshi zvikamu kana mashoko. Pano, zvose kunokosha. Solution kunoda vainyatsotarisirwa nokuda masonry hwechoto. chikamu Its dzinofanira kutevedzerwa nemazvo. Zvinokoshawo kuti kusarudza zvakarurama zvinoriumba. Next funga chii chinoumba muvhenganiswa vira brickwork.

tsananguro

Zvinoumba nevira masonry mhinduro zvingasanganisira siyana zvinoriumba. Kubva kunaka kunovhengana kuchaenderana hwokupedzisira mugumisiro. Kunyanya, murwiyo nokuda masonry chamatare anopa simba, kupisa kurwisa tightness. Kushaya kana, Ukuwo, mukuru zviri chero rokuti kungaita kuti pakakuvara kuvimbika, cracking walnut mamiriro leakage pamusoro unburned magasi. Nokuti kuvaka akashandisa zvedongo nezvidhinha nevhu muvhenganiswa nokuda masonry hwechoto. It anonzi yakanakisisa zvinhu nokuda kutara zvinhu. Zvisinei, haugari mukana kushandisa ivhu.

Zvinoitwa zvinhu

Chii chingava mhinduro kuti masonry muvira? The kukura cementitious zvinoriumba takatsunga basa zvinhu. Saka, unogona kushandiswa zvakananga kuti maererano uye Kuda kutamba pamusoro STRUCTURAL zvinhu kana kushumira kupera. Muvhenganiswa nokuti vira brickwork ringave riine hapana mumwe, asi maviri zvinoriumba binders. Uyezve ivhu, semuenzaniso, uchishandisa simende. Filler kupa Rigidity yakaoma kuita dombo mhinduro. A duku yemuraudzo kuti chikamu ichi haungavhenekeri kukuvadza zvikuru unhu kuvakwa. Asi kuderedza simba kunyange chiduku inorwara zvakawandisa zvinoriumba bhainda. Muchiitiko ichi tiri kutaura pamusoro ivhu. Saka, zviri runoonekwa kuti idukusa iri mhinduro, dzakanga unhu. Asi kuti kutsiva chose ivhu nesuko kana simende haisi zvakakodzera. The kwemashoko musanganiswa nokuda masonry yamavira kunge zvakakwana viscous uye epurasitiki. Asi panguva imwecheteyo rirege kuva mvura kana chiwondomoke. On furnace muviri haabvumirwi gobvu vazvo. Dzavo Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri kwemavara - 1-3 millimeters. Shortbread zviyo hakufaniri anopfuura 1 mm. Kana kushandisa jira racho rakaomarara chikamu jecha shanduko. kukura kwayo chaiyo achavaponesa kunaka nevhu. Somuenzaniso, "mutete" kunoda zvinoderedza vhoriyamu, uye nhamba nuna rakasanganiswa 1 h. Zvino 2 f ivhu. Sand. For yepamusoro ivhu uye filler yakaisvonaka zvinotevera zvikuru - 1: 1.

yokuvirisa

Nechepakati kungwara, tenzi inogona kushandiswa esimende mhinduro uye munyu. Maererano mwero admixture yavo haina kutarisirwa. Asi kana iri takasarudza kuti mhinduro yakaoma, vanofanira kusangana zvinotevera kukura: 10 makirogiramu zvevhu inoda 150 g munyu, 1 kg esimende M400. Uyezve kuve nemigomo yepurasitiki miviri jecha uye ivhu. Bhuku rino achava zvinokwana zana zvidhinha masonry.

Nokusanganisa uye Quality Panga

Chokutanga, ari muchidyiro izere ivhu. Zvinofanira kudira mvura iri vhoriyamu duku. Clay akasiya kwenguva maawa matanhatu mazuva maviri, zvokuti zvakakangwa. Panguva ino, zvakanga kututuma. Somuenzaniso, unogona kuisa inogadziriswa rabha majombo uye tsika ivhu. Mvura zvakakodzera kutora 1/4 pakati Vhoriyamu anowanika mbishi zvinhu. Next, achiwedzera sifted jecha. The yose muvhenganiswa kututuma ane nefoshoro. Ongorora kwemashoko zvichibvira vakawanda maitiro. Kana mhinduro nefoshoro nemasiraidhi zvishoma nezvishoma, vaiitawo inogona kupedzwa. Kuti tizive plasticity inofanira kuva duku bofu flagellum pakureba 20 uye ukobvu 1.5 cm. Zvinofanira batanidza pyatisantimetrovym kumativi pehuni. Flagellum anofanira wedzera zvakaenzana. Kana yakabvaruka, kumugumo inofanira kuchengetwa unopinza. Kana pasina makatsemuka panguva vanobwembura, zvino mhinduro chakanyanya mafuta. Saizvozvowo, kuvapo vakawanda vakawanda discontinuities "dzakaondoroka". Kana yechipiri, unofanira kuwedzera ivhu, uye vokutanga - jecha. Somugumisiro, unofanira kuwana ari ano vashoma makatsemuka diki.

kupatsanura nezvinhu

Hazvina ichikurudzirwa kushandisa ivhu musanganiswa iri chimbini, rinokwira pamusoro padenga. Izvi imhaka yokuti somugumisiro condensation achiumba pamusoro ivhu makatsemuka, uye rakaparadzwa. Kudzivisa akadaro ezvinhu muvhenganiswa nokuda masonry vira rinogadzirirwa kushandisa madota putty. Chete nzira yakakodzera kuvaka zvivako renheyo. To mhinduro 1 chikamu kushandiswa kwesuko putty uye 3 zvikamu jecha. Nokuti kutanga zvinoriumba inofanira hwakavhenganiswa 1 awa. Lime (quicklime) uye maawa 3. Water. The kwemashoko huru zvinoriumba hwakafanana liquefied mafuta ivhu. The arambe achirema pamusoro yepamusoro madota putty - 1400 makirogiramu / bv. m. Unogona kutenga wakagadzirira-kunovhengana uye masonry vira. Slaked madota ari fekitari chaihwo makamuri nokushandiswa akasarudzwa michina. Hazvina yakarumbidza kuti mukanyiwa pachako. Izvi imhaka yokuti kwesuko anogona kukonzera kutsva ari kufema turakiti uye ganda. Mukanyiwa mafuta kugutsikana kunokanganisa uwandu jecha yakawedzerwa. Kana unomutswa, zvichatora kutora 5 zvikamu filler. Panyaya iyi, iyo kwemashoko agadzirise achava zvakajairika. Asati nokusanganisa zvakamisa hurongwa, mukanyiwa kunge achishandisa nesefa, izvo masero kunge 1 x 1 cm. Kuwedzera mvura kuzadzisa kutsvakwa kusachinja-chinja kumusoro mhinduro.

Kushandiswa simende

chikamu ichi achawedzera simba mumushonga. The zvichiguma uremu maviri astringent zvinoriumba uye filler ane mukuru nemishonga kuti unyoro. High refractory muvhenganiswa nokuda masonry yamavira, Chimneys and nheyo vakazvigadzirirwa nokusanganisa zvakamisa hurongwa zvinotevera reshiyo:

• 1 mugove simende;
• 2 zvikamu kwesuko namatidza;
• zvikamu 8-10 jecha.

Danho rokutanga kusanganisa wokutanga uye vokupedzisira zvinoriumba. Pamwe chete mukanyiwa ichi mune mumwe mudziyo rakasanganiswa nemvura kuti viscous ezvinhu. Mobva yakaoma zvokubikisa mariri. Mukanyiwa wose yakavhenganiswa. Kuwana zvaaida viscosity, mvura iri yebhasera zvishoma.

Heat nemishonga sezvamunoita kuti vira brickwork

Nokuti kupa simba zvikuru kuti zvinhu zvakare wakawedzera kongiri. Maererano kwavo mabasa ehupfumi, ichi mhinduro haringakupi madota. kongiri guru nokuomesa rinotanga pashure maminitsi 45. Asati nokusanganisa zvakamisa hurongwa, vari vakapfuura nesefa. Zvadaro, muna wakagadzirira mugaba izere nejecha, uye pamusoro payo - simende. uremu ichi yakavhenganiswa kuwana homogeneous sezvamunoita. Zvadaro mvura iri awedzera. Nepo vakasvikapowo zvakafanira kuti vabudirire viscous kusachinja-chinja. The Kugadzirisa hakufaniri zvokutadza mutete kana mukobvu. Nokuti kuvakwa monolithic muvira zvinoriumba zvinoshandiswa zvinotevera reshiyo:

• 1 chikamu Portland simende (M400);
• jecha - 2 zvikamu;
• Brick marara - 2 zvikamu;
• chamotte jecha - 0.3 zvikamu.