Amblyopia: kurapwa kune vanhu vakuru

Ichi chirwere chine zita rakakurumbira - "ziso rinosviba". Iri ihutachiona hwemaziso, umo maziso rimwe chete omunhu anobatanidzwa mukuonekwa kwezviratidzo. Varwere vane amblyopia vakaderera kuona, izvo zvinenge zvisingaiti kugadzirisa nenzira ye optical. Kazhinji, chirwere ichi chinokanganisa vana vemakore akasiyana, asi zvinogonawo kuitika kune vanhu vakuru. Nokukurumidza kuona uye kukurumidza kubviswa kwechikonzero chakakonzera chirwere ichi, kurapwa kunopfuura nokukurumidza. Dzimwe nguva kune amblyopia, kurapwa kune vanhu vakuru hakusi nyore, kana chirwere chacho chakatangwa, uye vanachiremba vanoita zvakanyanya kutadza kufanotaura.

Muchiito chekuona mabasa mumunhu ane hutano, sekutonga, maziso ose anobatanidzwa. Ivo, vachishandisa muoni wavo anoona, vanoona mufananidzo wezvinhu zvakakomberedza munhu, izvo zvinopfuura kuburikidza nemamiriro avo ezvinhu. Mufananidzo wacho unoratidzwa pane retina, uye uropi hunoongorora hupenyu hwekunzwa. Muchiitiko ichi, munhu ane hutano ane zvinhu zvitatu zvakakosha zvakakosha kuti zviitwe zvakajeka zvemuoni analyzer: kujekesa kwakakwana kwemashoko ekutarira maziso, zvakajeka uye zvakajeka kutarisa mufananidzo pane retina, pamwe nekushanda kwepfungwa kwehutano mukuona uye kuendesa kwemashoko anooneka.

Uye nechirwere amblyopia kurapwa kune vanhu vakuru hazvibviri nokuti inongova kukanganisa kweimwechete kana kupfuura pane zvataurwa pamusoro apa. Ziso rakanaka kana iro munhu anoona zviri nani, rinotora nzvimbo inotungamirira, uye ziso nebasa rakaipa rinopedzisira richibva pane zvinoonekwa.

Muzvizhinji, kune zvikonzero zvakawanda zvechirwere ichi. Zvichienderana nehupenyu hwavo, amblyopia, maitiro ayo uye kururamisa ndeyotevera:

- optical, kana kubvuma, amblyopia, iyo inowanikwa nekumwe kudarika kwezvinhu zvakanakira ziso. Kutarisa mberi uye hyperopia yepamusoro-soro, astigmatism, mutsauko wakakura mumasimba ekuona maziso ose anotungamirira kumhando iyi ye amblyopia. Inowanzoitika kakawanda uye inonyanya kubviswa kana kurapwa kunotanga nenguva. Vanachiremba vanoronga kururamiswa kweziso kwekuona kuora mwoyo, uye kubvuma amblyopia kunonyangarika.

- Kucherechedza amblyopia, iyo inonyanya kuitika muhuduku, sezvo inobatanidzwa neyakanyanya kufanana nekuputsa kwepabhenekeri kwekusvinura mumamiriro ekuona kwemaziso. Mhando iyi ye amblyopia inogona kukura nemhaka yekuwana chirwere, kurwiswa kwekodha nekuvhara shure kwayo, purogiramu uye zvimwe zvakanyanya kuchinja mu vitreous. Iyi ndiyo nzira yakanyanya kukura ye amblyopia, iyo inenge isingabatsiri kurapwa uye inofanotaura migumisiro yemhando iyi yechirwere kuvanachiremba zvakaoma.

- Dysbinocular amblyopia. Ziso rakavhiringidzika rine zvimwe zvinokanganisa kubva pakugadziriswa kwaro, izvo zvinokonzerwa ne strabismus kana nystagmus. Zvirwere izvi zvinosanganisira kuonekwa kwema amblyopia mumunhu.

- psychogenic amblyopia kune vanhu vakuru, iyo kakawanda inowedzera mavari kurwisana nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzehupenyu. Nokuda kwekutambudzika kukuru, rimwechete kana maviri-kurasikirwa kwekuona kurasikirwa kamwe kamwe kunoitika. Inogonawo kufambidzana nekuonekwa kwefotophobia, kuputsa kwekuona kwemavara nemumvuri, nezvimwe zvinetso zvemaziso zvinoshanda. Ichi chimi che amblyopia chinorapwa zvakanaka nekubatsirwa kwehutano hwakagadzirirwa panguva yakakodzera. Uyewo munyaya iyi, ophthalmologists vanokurudzira kuti murwere anoenda kurapwa kwechiremba wepfungwa, sezvo zvikonzero zve psychogenic amblyopia hazvisi muziso asi muuropi hwevanhu.

Zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti zviduku zvezera remurwere, iyo inowanikwa mukana wehutano hwakanaka hwekurapa, saka, ney amblyopia, kurapwa kune vanhu vakuru zvakanyanya kuoma, sezvo zvakaoma zvikuru kuwana nguva ye "meso ane usimbe" kutanga kushanda. Kana munhu ave nematambudziko ekuona kubva paudiki uye vabereki vakashaya nguva apo kukura kwemaziso, masikati kana dysbinocular amblyopia yakatanga, pamusoro pemamiriro ematambudziko aya, zvino kana munhu akura, chirwere hachigoni kubviswa. Hysterical amblyopia inomuka zvisingatarisirwi uye pakarepo, uye iri kuvanhu vakuru. Sekutonga, chirwere chacho chinotangira kushungurudzika kukuru kwepfungwa, kunotungamirira ku "kubuda" kweziso rimwe kwemaawa akawanda, uye mune dzimwe nguva kwemwedzi inoverengeka. Chirwere chacho chinomirawo pakarepo, sezvo chakatanga, kunyanya kana murwere ainge ataurwa kuti aite zvekare uye nzira yekubatsira mupfungwa.

Usati watanga ne amblyopia kurapwa kune vanhu vakuru, zvirwere zvose zvinogona kutungamirira kumeso asina kunaka zvinofanira kudziviswa. Vana, sekutonga, vanobatwa nenzira yekusvibiswa, kureva, kubvisa kubva pane zvinoonekwa nekubatsirwa kweketeni chaiyo yeziso rinoshanda. Nenzira iyi, vanachiremba vanowanzo "dzidzisa" uye "kuita" ziso risina kushandiswa. Mune imwe nguva yakakura, zvinenge zvisingakwanisi kuita nenzira yakadaro, sezvo ziso rinenge risina kunyatsofambisa uye risina kutenderwa kugadziriswa. Chibvumirano amblyopia, chakaonekwa mumwana pasi pezera remakore matatu, chinoramba chisingaregereki shure kwemakore 11-12 uye hachikwanisi kurapwa. Saka, zvakakosha kuonana nachiremba semwana, sezvo munhu mukuru anogona kupora chero ipi zvayo ye amblyopia yakaoma zvikuru kupfuura mwana.