Amitosis - inzira foni weboka

Familiarization pamwe Mashoko ari munyaya ino chichabatsira muverengi kudzidza pamusoro imwe nzira muchitokisi weboka - amitosis. Tichazozviona zvinhu weboka iyi, funga kusiyana nemamwe marudzi weboka uye zvakawanda.

Chii amitosis

Amitosis - rudzi muchitokisi weboka zvakananga. Izvi imhaka zvatinosiita weboka musimboti muzvikamu zviviri. Zvisinei, izvozvo zvinogona kurashikirwa Pasika rokuumba chokurukisa kugovera. A ligation kunoitika pasina chromatin condensation. Amitosis - mumwe kwacho kuri mumashoko masero nemhuka nezvirimwa, uyewo majemusi.

Kubva kare uye tsvakurudzo

Robert Remak muna 1841 akapa rondedzero amitosis kwacho kokutanga, asi izwi kwakapinda zvikuru paya. Nechekare muna 1882 nyanzvi yezvinhu zvipenyu uye histologist mavambo German, Walter Flemming akapa zita ano acho. Amitosis sero zvakasikwa zviri dererei, asi anogona zvinowanzoitika, sezvo zvakakodzera.

gadzira Features

Sezvo masero nokupesana kunoitika? Amitosis unganyanya kuitikira mumasero wakati kuderedzwa mitotic basa. Saka, yakatarwa masero kuti anofanira kufa somugumisiro pakukwegura kana yezvakaita Kumwe kuchinja kunotanga, anogona kunonotsa rufu rwake kwenguva imwe nguva.

Amitosis - a kwacho umo mamiriro musimboti panguva interphase kuramba kwavo morphological zvinhu zvinoti: nucleolus kuonekwa zvakajeka anogona, uyewo yaro goko, DNA hauna kudzokororwa, chromatin - puroteni, DNA uye RNA haana spiraleziruyutsya uye kuziva okutodza mune musimboti masero eukaryotic vasipo.

Pane isina kunanga sero nokupesana - mitosis. Amitosis, kusiyana, anobvumira sero pashure weboka vaine basa rayo ave kushanda Kufananidzira. Chokurukisa (chivako chromosome panguva iyoyo) apo amitosis asina kuumbwa, asi kuti makirisito vachiri yakakamurwa, uye migumisiro izvi ndiko kurongwa kuparadzirwa magene mashoko. Kushaya cytokinetic kwacho zvichiguma kubereka masero pamwe nuclei maviri, izvo zvinogona kupinda hwokufananidzira kutenderera mitosis mune ramangwana. Multiple repetitions amitosis kungaita kuti paumbwe masero ane muzvizhinji kuti cores.

The ezvinhu aripo

Amitosis sezvo pfungwa akatanga kubuda munyika nhamba mabhuku mumakore 80 remakore rechimakumi maviri. To musi, pane mazano kuti zvose kwemasayendisiti zvakaitwa kare akanyudzwa pasi pfungwa iyi, chokwadi pombonyedza migumisiro tsvakurudzo pamusoro kubikwa nemasiraidhi. Masayendisiti anodavira kuti Chiitiko foni weboka, achiperekedzwa nokuparadzwa kare, aigona kutungamirira zvakafanana kusanzwisisa uye akadudzira mashoko. Zvisinei, vamwe dzinotsanagura weboka mumasero eukaryotic hazvigoni kunzi mitosis kana meiosis. Muenzaniso unoshamisa iyi ndiyo inosimbisa uye muitiro macronuclear kupesana (muchitokisi neerekitironi ciliates, hombe kukura), panguva iyo vamwe chromosome panguva iyoyo migove ndiyo pasinei ndechokuti chokurukisa aumbwa kugovera.

Chii nokuda pakava wetsvakurudzo amitosis pezvakaitwa? Chokwadi kuti chiitiko ichi zvakaoma kuona yacho morphological zvinhu. Kutsunga kwakadaro ndiko kuvimbika. Kutadza kuziva zvakajeka zviratidzo amitosis Morphology rikurumidze kunobva ndechokuti havasi vose muchiuno yenyukireya chiratidzo amitosis. Uye kunyange dumbbell chimiro chayo, icho zvakajeka kwakunoitwa musimboti, anogona chete chokuita rinopfungaira mhando. Uyewo neerekitironi constriction angava nemhaka chinoshamisa zvakaipa yapfuura nekupesana kubudikidza mitosis. Kakawanda zvikaitika pakarepo mushure amitosis endomitosis (chromosome doubling nzira pasina weboka masero, uye mwoyo weatomu). Yemanyorero amitosis mutoo kunoita doubling muchitokisi musimboti. Kudzokorora Fani iyi pave muzvizhinji foni nuclei. Saka amitosis pave masero pamwe chromosome kuisa polyploid mhando.

mhedziso

Nokupfupikisa, tinogona kutaura kuti amitosis - mumwe mutoo umo sero rakakamurwa zvakananga mhando, kureva fission yenyukireya inoitika muzvikamu zviviri. Masero pacharo hausi kukwanisa kupa sero nekupesana mukati vakaenzana, mungashandisa sezvikamu. Izvi zvinoshandawo mashoko muchitokisi nhodzera.

Izvi ane vanoverengeka unopinza kusiyana kubva Pasika weboka kubudikidza mitosis. Musiyano chikuru nedanho mitosis uye amitosis hapana makirisito goko kuparadza uye panguva amitosis nucleolus, uye muitiro riyerere pasina paumbwe chokurukisa ichipa kupesana mashoko. Cytokinesis kakawanda haina kuparadzaniswa.

Pari, hapana zvidzidzo yazvino yaitonga, vakakoniwa anonyatsoratidza amitosis sezvo muchimiro muchitokisi degeneration. Izvi zvinoshandawo vanofunga amitosis sezvo nzira muchitokisi weboka nokuda pamberi uwandu kugovera sero rose muviri chaizvo duku. Nekuti amitosis zvichida nani kunzi pamutemo pezvakaitwa kuitika mukati masero.