Anna Akhmatova kuti "Requiem": chigadzirwa ongororo

Upenyu Mudetembi ichi Russian ari zvakabatana chaizvo pamwe nhamo nyika yake. In varo nhetembo zviri nyore kutevedzera, tightening kuti rinoenda kundorangwa pamusoro pevatongi hurumende uye zvakawanda pumped nokutya. Yakanga mumakore iwayo anotyisa, uye nhetembo akasikwa, apo vose Anna Akhmatova akazarura - "Requiem". Analysis zvibereko izvi kutanga, kana zvakanyorwa. Kubva 1935 kusvika 1940. Zvakatora makore matanhatu nechokwadi kuti kupedza nhetembo, uye gore rimwe nerimwe, mwedzi uye zuva vakaitwa kumwa kusuwa uye kutambura.

Nhetembo ine siyana zvitsauko, uye mumwe nomumwe wavo ane pfungwa dzavo. Panewo epigraph, izvo pakurukurwa Akhmatova kuti "Requiem". The Kuongororwa mitsara shoma izvi zvinoratidza sei Anna vakaramba pfungwa kuenda kumwe kubva Russia. Mashoko "Ndakanga nevanhu vangu, apo vanhu vangu, zvinosuwisa, akanga" mune kwakajeka zvishoma anoratidza dambudziko iyoyo. Sezvineiwo, epigraph rakanyorwa makore makumi maviri nerimwe pashure nhetembo, muna 1961, mushure "baba marudzi" rufu.

Chitsauko "Panzvimbo Musumo" uyewo yakatanga kusvika 1957 .. Mudetembi vaiona kuti chizvarwa chitsva kuti haana vaona utsinye hunotyisa hwaiitika "Yezhov kutyisa" uye kutya nguva Beria, nyaya anoramba kujeka. Mwanakomana Anna, Lva Gumilova, vatatu vakasungwa kwemakore. Asi kwete pamusoro wake kurwadziwa pachake anotiudza Akhmatova. "Requiem", kuti kuongorora kuti aitwe kuratidza zvakadzamisisa akaturikidzana ari poetics makore iwayo, inotiudza pegomo, "izvo anochema stomilonny vanhu."

Akhmatova mu simba, akayera sezvo nokuimba uye mariro achirira mitsetse anoita mufananidzo Soviet Union: asingaverengeki vanamai, vakadzi, hanzvadzi uye vasvitsa akamira pamwe nekurutsa mujeri hwindo kupfuudza vaunoda artless mbuva, uye ushamwari nguo. Style uye kukura yose lyrical kutenderera change: nayo trehstopny anapaest, vakasununguka ndima, kuti chetyrehstopnym ferrets. Hazvishamisi, nokuti akasikwa "Requiem" Akhmatova vake. Kuongororwa detembo iri kunoita zvakananga kufanana chete mumhanzi kubudikidza Mozart, uyo akanyora rwiyo rwemariro wemariro isingazivikanwi vatengi nhema.

Kungofanana mu "Requiem" shasha Munyori, ari nhetembo waiva mutengi. Musoro "Kuzvitsaurira" yakanyorwa prose. Muverengi anodzidza kuti ichi zakazchitsa - "mukadzi nemiromo yebhuruu", amire chete tungamidzana pamwe Akhmatova muna Leningrad kusvika hwindo pamuchinjikwa. "Kuzvitsaurira" uye "Entry" zvakare inoratidza zvezvinotaurwa udzvanyiriri hwapararira nyika: "Aripiko unwitting musikana ... nechisimba makore?". Gumi Zvakazoitwa zvitsauko, iyo vanonzi "mutongo", "Kuna Rufu" uye "The Crucifixion", kamwe zvakare simbisa kuti aida kusika "Requiem" Akhmatova vake. Kuongororwa yemariro resonates pamwe nekuchiva raKristu uye mai furawa - chero mai.

"Epilogue", iro rinopera chigadzirwa, zvinokosha chaizvo. Ikoko nyanduri kamwe zvakare anoyeuka zvisingaverengeki vakadzi naye kare kuburikidza ose madenderedzwa wegehena, uye zvinopa lyrical resungano mutsa: "Kana nokusingaperi munyika ino kuzomisa mimba monument ini ... [ngaanzwe uchiise pamberi« Kresty »mujeri] apo ndakamira kwemaawa mazana matatu, izvo haana kuzarura mubhawa kwandiri. " Analysis kuti nhetembo Akhmatova wacho, uyo mabasa kwenguva refu akanga asina kunyorwa papepa (nekuti ivo vaigona kunyika), asi chete kuitwa ne mwoyo, yakabudiswa zvizere chete panguva perestroika, anotiudza kuti chero kuda nyanduri haina kuzadziswa, uye shongwe zvichaita akasamuka mu "muchinjikwa" kuti totalitarianism mumvuri akusungirire pamusoro nyika.