Ano makambani mafuta uye gasi guru Russia

Kukura mafuta uye gasi indasitiri - mumwe chikuru chokuita upfumi nyika yedu. Ratio Mahydrocarbon Russian munyika yose kunopfuura 10%. A rinokosha munhau iyi pakurira Chokwadi, mafuta uye gasi mapoka Russia. Heano 5 zvikuru makambani ari pasi rino.

Mafuta gasi mapoka Russia: pamazita

The weupombwe emakambani Russian pamusoro indasitiri ino zvinosanganisira:

• "Lukoil".
• "Tatneft".
• "Surgutneftegaz".
• "Gazprom".
• "Rosneft".

"Lukoil"

Company nhoroondo inotanga muna 1991, apo State Concern "Langepasuraikogalymneft" hwagadzwa, pashure kunzi "Lukoil". Muna 1994 paiva privatization wekambani, zvichiguma guru reko mukutsirani yakava Vagit Alekperov.

Company basa iri migodhi, ubanguranyika, kubudiswa uye kutengesa negasi uye mafuta.

Mamwe mafuta uye gasi makambani muRussia chikwereti zvakawanda "LUKOIL", nokuti munda iyi Akapayona. Yokutanga matanho ari pamusika dzakawanda zvakaitwa "LUKOIL", basa rinoitwa munyika dzinopfuura 20. The kambani zvakare paChikoro dzakawanda mabasa nokuda dzokubudisa uye ubanguranyika kuti chinokosha mbishi zvinhu.

Now "Lukoil" iri mubasa kuvandudza pemvura kumunda reBaltic, Barents uye reCaspian makungwa.

"Surgutneftegaz"

"Surgutneftegaz", kambani iri mubasa Geological ubanguranyika, kugadzira, achinatsa uye kumusika pamwe Mahydrocarbon. Oil uye gasi chiri kuitwa dzokuMadokero uye Eastern kuSiberia.

Other Makambani mafuta Russian uye gasi kwemauto zvakawanda yakazaruka, kuchienzaniswa naro. Over nguva yose ariko zvavakanga vachida kuita kamwe chete muna 2001 leaked mashoko vezvenhau nezvokuti anenge chetatu yepfuma migove iri dziri ayo nepakati jira, pashure idzo paiva nemiedzo yakawanda. Makore 11 chete gare gare, kambani yakatsikiswa mishumo pamusoro IFRS. Yasara up ruzivo pamusoro varidzi "Surgutneftegaz".

Kambani rakaumbwa muna 1984. Kubvira ipapo, ayo zvechigarire CEO ndiye Vladimir Bogdanov. Pamusana kwaari, kambani yazova rimwe vakapfuma munyika.

"Tatneft"

Russian Makambani mafuta uye gasi vakawanda havasi yakasungirirwa chero nharaunda, asi kwete "Tatneft". Iri pedyo pamwe chete Hurumende reRepublic of Tatarstan. Uyezve, huru mamiriro emakambani "Svyazinvestneftekhim" muridzi anenge chetatu anogoverana ose "Tatneft". hurumende Republican ndiyo inonzi yendarama mugove kambani unokubvumira kushandisa kurambidza mibvunzo yose inokosha. Musoro weboard of directors uye ndiyo chikamu-nguva purezidhendi zvokuvhoterwa.

The kambani inoita dzose kubhadhara kuti hurumende bhajeti. Uyewo, kuwedzera paro mabhizimisi, kambani manufactures matai, uye muna 2012 akavaka warwo Refinery. Tatarstan Nde kumiganhu ubanguranyika uye dzokubudisa minda mafuta uye gasi.

"Gazprom"

Kambani akasikwa munguva Soviet - muna 1989. It yakaumbwa somugumisiro kuchinja Bazi Gas Industry of Soviet Union muna State Concern "Gazprom". Muna 1993 kambani Yakazopiwa zita rokuti Rao "Gazprom", uye gare gare vakagamuchira mamiriro.

The basa guru iri kurimwa, chokufambisa nokuparadzirwa gasi feedstock.

Mamwe makambani mafuta uye gasi Russian uye dzakawanda havana guru Mapaipi hurongwa hwakadaro. Its kureba 160 zviuru makiromita.

Musangano The shareholders '- huru muviri ari vachida zvakanaka. Sachigaro Board Directors ndiye Viktor Zubkov.

"Rosneft"

"Rosneft" kambani yakavambwa muna post-Soviet nguva muna 1993 sechinhu paruzhinji kambani akadai kushandisa iri dzokubudisa uye kubudiswa nendarama dema. It rinoumbwa vanenge 300 makambani kuti asati 1991.

Mumakore okutanga kushanda muna Chinyorwa kuti "Rosneft" vatungamiriri zvakachinja kakawanda. The pasi pamwero kugadzirwa uye Kuparadzwa zviwanikwa akakonzera zvinoderedza Mavhoriyamu kutengeswa.

Kubvira 1998, nguva itsva nekambani nhoroondo. Panguva ino, musoro inova Bogdanchikov, uyo akakwanisa kuti kambani kunobatsira mune 2 years.

Munguva 2000s, anotanga kukura yeminda itsva muna 2002 - Kaigansko-Vasyugan muna 2003 - Veninskaya, Timan-Pechora. Mabasa zvakatangwa uye Eastern Siberia, Kazakhstan, Algeria. Mamwe makambani mafuta uye gasi Russian Musafukidza hombe nzvimbo yakadaro womunda kukura. Uyewo, "Rosneft" ane 4 pachake inouraya kuti aina mbishi zvinhu.

Russian Makambani Major mafuta uye gasi zvino mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma mune zvemari. Kudivi rimwe, mafuta inofanira hwakawedzera, nepo negasi iri kuramba huchidzikira. Chikonzero ndiyo rutapudzo chemafuta gasi kwokudiwa uye nokuwedzera zvipfuwo uye yemarudzi misika.