Anti-inflationary matanho muRussia

In tsika, upfumi basa zvoupfumi masangano haisi chete yakarurama uye nzwisisika nechiyero mitengo, asiwo vaongorore wechokwadi kwechirwere Fani iyi uye kuchinja kwavari. In iyi, kutanga vane anokosha STRUCTURAL kuchinja mutengo masangano.

The chaizvo acho ezvinhu

Apo "mwero" mitengo achimuka chigadzirwa mitengo, achiponesa pakati dzakamboitika ukama. Panyaya iyi, mutengo ari chienderane ezvinhu pamusoro misika zvinhu uye basa. Kana vakadengezera padanho mari yevanhu haina ipfupi, pasinei nokuti kukosha kare akaunganidza mari yakarasika. Kana dzisakarurama ratios pamusoro redistribution mari, pane STRUCTURAL zvachinja kugadzirwa zvinhu uye mabasa. Izvi imhaka kuti kusaenzana mutengo nokufamba. It yakawedzera zvikuru nokukurumidza mari nenhumbi ose inelastic kudiwa. Izviwo, kunoita kuti tibvunze kwakaderedza husingatsigirwi ikawanda mumagariro kukakavadzana.

Output kubva panzvimbo

The akaipa Migumisiro kusaenzana zvinhu pamwe mutengo waiti dare midziyo kunyika dzakasiyana kuitisa mitemo Kufambisa. The vaongorori vari kuedza kufunga riri nani dzakashandisa mamiriro ano uye kukudziridza chirongwa kuhupedza. Munyika dzakasiyana, nyaya iyi iri kugadziriswa zvakasiyana. Mune kuongorora mamiriro inocherechedzwa nyaya dzakasiyana yose zvakananga zvinhu. Somuenzaniso, muna England uye America panguva rehurumende vanochiva nharungano hunopiwa kukura purogiramu liquidation. Mune dzimwe nyika basa kusikwa kunzwisisa kwadzakabva matanho.

Keynesian kusvika

Ongorora Anti-inflationary zviyero zvoupfumi mutemo, pane nzira mbiri kuti dambudziko. Mumwe wavo hunovapo Keynesians ano, uye wechipiri - vateveri wechikoro neoclassical. Muzana rokutanga kusvika, Anti-inflationary zviyero ehurumende vari airarama achifambisa mutero uye mari. Izvi zvinoita kuti matambudziko ari kutenga simba. Nokuda kwaizvozvo, Chokwadi, mitengo iri rwoga. Zvisinei, Anti-inflationary matanho zvakasikwa ichi, vanewo inokanganisa kugadzirwa, achidzikisa nayo. Izvi zvingaita kuti kurega kunotanga, uye mune zvimwe zviitiko kuti dambudziko, kusanganisira nokuwedzera urovha unodiwa. Pakuwedzera kudiwa iri kudzikira Pasika chiri kubudirira achiitisa fiscal negwaro. Kuti akurudzire kuderera ake mutero rates, akatanga purogiramu mari nezvimwe mari. The fares pasi okutanga kuisa vaya vanogamuchira yakaderera uye unosvikirwa mari. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti nzira kuwedzera nevatengi kudiwa basa uye zvigadzirwa. Zvisinei, sezvo tsika inoratidza zvakadai Anti-inflationary matanho vanogona chete achiipa zvinhu. Mukuwedzera, nzvimbo rinoshamisa kuti mari nemitero substantially kuderedzwa bhajeti dhefisiti.

neoclassical dzidziso

Maererano naye, kuti pamberi zvemari uye zvikwereti murau. Hazvina tefa uye zvisina kunanga kukanganisa zvinhu. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti Anti-inflationary matanho hurumende inofanira zvainanga vakaomerwa chinobudirira kudiwa. Vateveri dzidziso chikonzero ndechokuti kukurudzira kukura uye basa kuramba artificially akakotamisa zvepanyama kwemabasa mwero zvinoisa kurasikirwa kudzora mamiriro acho ezvinhu. chirongwa ichi anoita Central Bank nhasi. Pamutemo, hazvisi pasi kudzora hurumende. The Bank ane kukanganisa kutengeswa kuburikidza nokuchinja riparadzirwe mari uye mwero mubereko pamusoro zvikwereti.

nezviripo chirongwa

Senzira ano musika hurumende hazvibviri kubvisa zvinhu zvose mitengo (chindingindingi, kuti bhajeti dhefisiti, imbalances ari upfumi, zvaunotarisira Entrepreneurs uye vakawanda, uye zvichingodaro). Ndokusaka vazhinji nyika pane kuedza kugadzirisa mamiriro ezvinhu zvose kuedza dzikamisa dambudziko, kudzivirira kuwedzera kwavo. Nhasi, vakawanda dzematongerwe chokubatanidza pfupi uye refu Anti-inflationary hurumende matanho. Ngationgororei navo zvizere.

chirongwa Long-izwi

ino ndiyo Anti-inflationary matanho anosanganisira:

1. The kwakaderera simba nechitarisiko zvinhu. Panyaya iyi dambudziko iri kuderedza inflationary kukanganisa upfumi spillovers vemamwe guta. Vanoratidza pachavo muchimiro zvikwereti pfupi-izwi uye zvikwereti abhadhare munyika bhajeti dhefisiti.
2. Kutanga mwero yakasimba pamusoro wepagore kukura mari zvitengeswa.
3. Achidzikisa bhajeti dhefisiti, sezvo mari yaro achivimbisa kuti zvikwereti Central Bank kunotungamirira mitengo. Basa iri akaziva zvinoderedza mari uye kuwedzera mitero.
4. Kuripwa kwezvirongwa netarisiro, asi booster ano kudiwa. Kuti aite izvi, zviyero dzakajeka Anti-inflationary mutemo anofanira akagadzirirwa kuhwina kuvimba vemunyika. vatungamiriri munyika anofanira kuedza inobudirira mudzimu kumusika. Izviwo, vane pesvedzero inobatsira nevatengi zvepfungwa. Panyaya iyi, Anti-inflationary matanho zvaisanganisira ari mazvake kuti mitengo, anotokonya kugadzirwa, pakurwisa monopolization uye zvichingodaro.

Chirongwa kwenguva pfupi

It nechinangwa kwenguva pfupi slowdown mu mitengo. Panyaya iyi, iyo inodiwa kuwedzera uwandu hwezvinhu zvose zvabatanidzwa. romugove pasina kuwedzera yose vade zvinoitwa urongwa zvimwe zvinobatsira kuti mabhizimisi mubasa kugadzirwa ne-zvigadzirwa nerubatsiro kuwedzera huru kugadzirwa. Chikamu chepfuma zvinogona privatized neHurumende, iyo ichapa wokuwedzera aizomupa bhajeti. Izvi hwezvekukurukurirana zvikuru yokupedza matambudziko ose chishoma. Uyezve, pfupi hurumende hurongwa Anti-inflationary matanho kunoderedza kwokudiwa kubudikidza Implementation imwe yakawanda anogoverana makambani matsva. Supply kukura kunowedzera nevatengi nhumbi kupinzwa. Chivakashure pesvedzero kuwedzera mubereko prices mubereko prices. Kunowedzera mari unodiwa.

Anti-inflationary matanho muRussia

Kwemakore anoverengeka, Central Bank pamwe Bazi rezveMari vakapfuudzira tisaita chirongwa. Chaiva Ruble borrowings kwaizotevera sequential kuderera kuti dhora liquidity mudzimai kumusika. Zvakaitika zvinoratidza kuti wakadaro kwegadziriro Anti-mitengo matanho vaisagona nechokwadi mutengo hachichinji. Uyezve, avo kushandiswa ngozi kwazvo nokuda nyika. Bhizimisi iri chaiyo kugadzirwa aiva benzi nzira yokubuda. Zvisinei, mari kuti yave vasiyiwa bhizimisi, wana nekwakewo. Saka, pakanga kuwedzera pfuma ukoshi, kuwedzera rokutengesa zvemaBhaibheri muumbozha zvinhu uye yezvimwe zvinhu. Panguva iyo profitability iri "inopisa" guta rinoramba ndizvo zvinotaura Central Bank, hazvina yekudyidzana kwakachinja kukurudzira kuti makambani. Foreign mari yava kunobatsira chaizvo kutendeutsa kupinda rubles. Vakava zvakasimba kukura nzvimbo zvemari intermediation. Nhasi, ari chikamu ichi pane kufadza muhoro, usina achiperekedzwa vanozivikanwa zvekupfakira. Panguva iyoyo zvakanga zvakawedzera kutsamira pane yemakambani nemari nechitarisiko zvinyorwa. Zvaiitwa National mari panguva iyoyo yakava muchisungwazve chete kwerunyararo kutengeserana pakati importers uye mabasa pamusoro misika wemari. Nepo Ruble kwaiva kugovera kugarwa ukama zvezvipfuwo Contractors uye vatengi. The National mari, saka akava chepakarepo hapana kudiwa yokuRussia zvoupfumi uye pasi mitengo.

vaizotibata mirayiridzo

Zvinobudirira kundorwa ezvinhu aripo, nyanzvi dzakawanda kuona mutange kukura kwoupfumi. gwara Izvi zvinosanganisira kushandiswa dzinongoitika, uye saka hwakavimbika utariri Ezvemutauro. Kana mamwe mari dziri kudiwa mudzimai pamusika, ari entrepreneur achagara kuwana mukana kutora mari mubhengi yavo nyika kana kumwe. Panyaya iyi, iyo ekisipota zvichaita nokuzvidira exchange Purofiti munzvimbo yenyika mari. Kana mari iri upfumi achava nezvizhinji, ivo achatumirwa kubhangi deposits kana dzimwe inivhesitimendi. Basa iri anobuda centre chinofanira kubata kufarira prices pane imwe pamwero kudzivisa guru amplitude nokufamba mukati chikwereti pamusika. Zvisinei, vaongorori vanoti kuti mamiriro ezvinhu Russia kunobvira kana Central Bank achava "mambure mukweretesi" zvebhizimisi mabhanga. Muchiitiko chino, achakwanisa kuti zvitungamirire Pricing mashoko, kwete kuva novimba pamusika. of Central Bank nokukwereta neniwo hunozodiwa. Zvisinei, vanofanira kutungamirirwa kubviswa kwekanguva zvakawandisa liquidity. Net anomukweretesa Saka nechokwadi profitability remapazi pamusoro pamusika rakashama. Izviwo, ichapa zvakafanira Anti-inflationary mugumisiro.

yepfuma zvisungo

Ivo artificially kudza pakati prices uye inokanganisa mari yacho chaiyo zvoupfumi zvekutepfenyura. Panguva iyoyowo zvikwereti mamiriro zvinoda kufarira mari kune makambani. Somugumisiro, zvinoumba miviri dambudziko maturo. Chokutanga, zvikwereti anonoke romugove kukura, wechipiri - kuwedzera kunobudirira kudiwa. zvinhu kuwedzera chinokosha kugadzirwa achabudiswa kumbomira kana zvakakwana nokukwereta.

mitero

Kukura wechipfuwo basa zvikuru kwakaoma zvisingakoshi kuvhiringidzwa nezviremera mabasa ayo, kushuma uye vakawanda macheki. Maererano nenyanzvi, chainetsa ndivo mutero hurongwa. Vanyori Several proposes rokuti kubva pamabasa ose, asi avo vanokurudzirwa nehurumende mabasa, diki uye unosvikirwa mabhizimisi. With ichi rokuyamura chiyero chinokosha bhajeti Nokurasikirwa hakuzovi, asi zvichaita aoma kukanzura nheyo asiri musika kudyidzana pakati hurumende uye Entrepreneurs. Kwakadaro matanho Anti-inflationary achabvumira bhizimisi rokuita ayo evanhu basa, ndiko kuti zadzai echiShinto zvinhu uye kupa vagari vane mabasa uye mubayiro. Apo bhizimisi kubhadhara mutero achadzinga kubva mimvuri. Izvi Anti-inflationary matanho rive vakurukurirane chakasimba kukura kugadzirwa zvekutepfenyura.

Mukuwedzera

Kuwedzera pane zviri pamusoro apa, penyanzvi anoratidza kushandiswa nevamwe Anti-inflationary matanho. Vanofanira kuva akadai kuwana migumisiro izvi hazvina zvinoda gadziriro refu. Pakati pavo, zvikurukuru, vaongorori hunoratidza kudzidzisa pedyo prohibitive mabasa ari simba kunze kwenyika. Izvi zvichaita nechokwadi mbishi zvinhu kuchengeteka munyika iri kwenguva, kuti muzadze epamba mafuta musika, kuwedzera makwikwi. Izviwo, vanofanira kutungamirira ezasi mitengo.

mhedziso

Nhasi, mitengo ndechimwe chezvinhu ngozi uye kurwadza chaizvo urongwa. It inokanganisa pamusoro zvemari uye upfumi zvekutepfenyura. Mitengo - kuderera mune rokutenga mano mari kwete chete. It anoparadza zvigadziriswe upfumi murau, anokonesa zvose kwakaitwa muna nedanho STRUCTURAL kusanduka, kunotungamirira misika kusaenzana. Nature of kuratidzwa mitengo angava akasiyana. Pezvakaitwa haagoni kunzi chete sezvo zvakonzerwa zvimwe zviito hurumende. Mitengo anokonzerwa yakadzika kururama mune zvoupfumi. Kubva ichi zvinoreva kuti zvose kuyerera yayo hakusi asingashumbi, asi chichitarisirwa. Mundima iyi, kuvandudzwa Anti-mitengo zviyero kuva nhasi chikuru basa nehurumende. Sezvakataurwa pamusoro apa, buda chirongwa kubva dambudziko dzinoda refu matungamirire. Zvisinei, vane inoshanda chete kana kubhadharwa nokukurumidza mitengo zvinotarisirwa munzanga. Kuti vagadzirise dambudziko iri, unofanira kuva chirongwa kusimbisa kumusika zvigadziriswe nokuvimbwa ruzhinji vagari. Sezvo fanira matanho ekuderedza mitengo, Chokwadi, vanofanira kuita achidzikisa bhajeti dhefisiti. Zvinofanira kurangarirwa kuti zvirongwa zvose tichabudirira chete kana panguva iyoyo kuumba uye kusimudzira mukugadzira zvekutepfenyura. Achidzikisa kudiwa mari zvinogona kuitwa kuburikidza nokusimbaradza ari chinhu pamusika, mukana mari mumatanda, anonzwisisa privatization sangano. Somugumisiro, mamiriro ezvinhu chichagadzirirwa kuti tirambe yakadereresa zvaibvira mwero mitengo. Havazosimudzirani kuchikosha nezvainoita pamisika mashandiro uye kuvhiringidza chakaipa kukura munyika.