Antinociceptive dzevanhu hurongwa kuderedza marwadzo

Antinociceptive maitiro womunhu muviri zvakajeka delimited tsinga mamiriro yaiva zvose munzvimbo uye mumativi ose nechepakati tsinga. mubatanidzwa wavo rudzi akanyatsorongwa yezviri neurochemical maoko, ane mano kumbomira functionality zvinorwadza hurongwa mukati nociceptive hurongwa.

Action antinociceptive maitiro

Kana hurongwa rinoshandisirwa antipain kazhinji opiotergicheskaya ndangariro redunhu. Ndicho kukurukurirana pamusoro opioid receptors uye ligands-opioids. Nevamiririri antinociceptive Hurongwa anogona dzvanyirira kusagadzikana zvisingatsungiririki manzwiro panguva dzakasiyana siyana. Nemhaka basa mashandiro kurwadziwa uye kusagadzikana haana rive kunzwa muupenyu hwomunhu. Kunyange kana kurwadziwa achisvika, nokuita zvinhu antinociceptive mamiriro vanobatanidzwa mune basa kuti unogona kunzwa mune nguva marwadzo shure, kumbomira. Ndiro huru basa urwu runodzivirira mashandiro mumuviri munhu.

Meaning of marwadzo inonyaradza marwadzo omusoro nhasi

Kufarira marwadzo Drugs, nenzira, akaponawo kune antinociceptive hurongwa. The physiology womunhu muviri pachena akataura chinangwa zvinodhaka mukurapa: kushandiswa senzira simba rufimbi mushonga kuti anogona kubatsira kukunda kurwadziwa antinociceptive gadziriro kana kuita tsiva kwayo.

To musi, zvinodhaka - nzira chete inobudirira symptomatic kurapa varwere kenza. It ingangodaro kupembedza kushandiswa kwezvinodhaka, dzimwe nyaya unonyaradza marwadzo kushanda. Zvisinei, zvose anozivikanwa chikuru zvakaipira zvinodhaka izvi vanogona kutendeuka zvakakwana, mupfungwa kugadzikana munhu ari zvaanoda chisikwa kusangana unearthly kurwadziwa pamwe kupera basa rake nguva isati yakwana.

Kusiyana pakati nociceptive uye antinociceptive nehurongwa

Antinociceptive hurongwa ndiye determinant kurwadziwa, iyo inosimbisa zana muzana marwadzo maonero. Tichifunga izvi izwi, kusiyana uku pfungwa uye shoko rokuti "kutsinga dzinouya hurongwa" rinogona kurondedzerwa nyore. Sezvo akapiwa "mudziyo" inokosha, t. E. Saka zvaraireva analyzer anogona chete kunzi yoga zveMagwaro Switch ino, kuti nociceptive uye antinociceptive gadziriro cumulatively kumiririra kwete chete determinant, uye vanongofunga somatic nani yakaoma hurongwa.

Kuti tinzwisise kuti izvi zvinorevei, zvakakodzera kupa muenzaniso. Practice anoziva zvisingawanzoitiki zviitiko kusava kurwadziwa kunzwa muvanhu, ndizvo chokuziva. Zvichakadai, huru nociceptive nenzira unoshanda anowanzoita, kureva. E. Kutadzisa mashandiro anoita marwadzo basa.

Sezvo paine marwadzo uye chinorwadza kuvhunduka?

Pakazosvika 70 fung makore remakore rapfuura, vatsvakurudzi pakupedzisira vakaumba Pachinhu pamusoro chikamu ichi nechepakati tsinga sezvo uropi antinociceptive hurongwa. Panguva iyoyo, masayendisiti vakakwanisa kumisa kwadzo zvokukwegura marwadzo excitation, overvoltage ekudzivirira zvivako nociceptive dhipatimendi. Kuwedzera atsamwa nociceptive vanoshingaira braking hurongwa chinokurwadzai izvi antipain zvinhu.

Zvichemo marwadzo anogona kuitika chete kana pasi yokunyanyisa migumisiro pamusoro muviri antinociceptive hurongwa hazvigoni woutsinye nokuda kwomudzimu extraneous zvinhu. Akaderedza akamedura basa hwakazara overexcitation nociceptive maitiro uye kukonzera nezvinoitika chaisatarisirwa kurwadza psychogenic hunhu ari zvachose romuzvarirwo non-chirwere nhengo.

Unonyaradza marwadzo maitiro muviri mamiriro

Kufunga pfungwa antinociception (antinociceptive hurongwa), unofanira kuteerera ayo mumwe zvinoriumba. Pakati pavo, kutanga zvinokosha kuziva chinobatanidza dorsal midbrain uye medulla (ndachena nyaya, musimboti wenyika reticular inotungamirwa uye raphe musimboti, gelatinous chezvinonhuwira kuti musana).

Pamusana kwavari, pane chinokosha ichivharira marwadzo. Munhu hunoguma kunzwa marwadzo apo akatarisa nociceptive excitation nekubudisa amenable kuti chinovhiringidza. basa iri ndera kurova kworuoko marwadzo kuzvidzora. Huru vanoshingaira zvinhu zviri braking kushanda chiito opioids uye dzimwe mahormone, akadai kweserotonin. Correct kuvaidza modulators nokuti zvairehwa pakutanga chinzvimbo Finite Tutsinga tunofambisa mashoko utwu, apo asina kupfuura mune mirayiridzo yavo hapana chinofadza maturo.

Neurotransmitters uye receptors mukurwadziwa antitsitseptivnoy mugadziriro

Huru uye predetermining Tutsinga tunofambisa mashoko utwu unonyaradza marwadzo gadziriro vaya riri jena nyaya midbrain. Rinokosha pano uye axons, izvo achifumira kurutivi hypothalamus uye dzimwe nzira dzose akasiya chepfungwa hemisphere. Vanoitawo mubasa negwara kuti musana. Nevamiririri venyika Tutsinga tunofambisa mashoko utwu izvi anonzi pentapeptides, izvo zvinosanganisira enkephalins subspecies. nevamiririri kwakadaro muchimiro amino acids vanofanira kuwana methionine, uye leucine.

Enkephalins vanokwanisa munguva pfupi nguva, kuti atange vose opiate receptors. Kana opiatergicheskih synapses, receptors izvi dziri zvikurukuru pamusoro Kamudzira, iyo anoita mabasa ose postsynaptic "pamutsago". Kwete chikamu synapses ave kurwadza, ukuwo Kamudzira inofanira dzinounzwa nevamiririri rikatungamirira dzamira excitation kubva imwe dzouropi kune mumwe.

Endogenous antinociceptive Hurongwa ane maitiro opioid receptors, kuti vari kuramba metabotropic. Ivo zvinowanzobatanidzwa bioregulator kukonzera chinovhiringidza kuti adenylate cyclase kuburikidza intracellular kuzivikanwa. Mhedzisiro zvose kumusoro nenyonganyonga iri kwetunhu antipain hurongwa. Kunze pathological rutapudzo calcium mumuviri womunhu zvinosanganisira huru nevamiririri kurwadziwa, t. E. The muviri anotanga kubudisa kwavari pachavo. Vakawanda nevamiririri kurwadziwa vari:

• fuma P;
• cholecystokinin;
• somatostatin;
• glutamic acid.

Hypothalamus rworuboshwewo hemisphere uropi - activators kuita

Pakazosvika nemamiriro ezvinhu zvinosanganisira antipain unonyaradza marwadzo hypothalamic zvivako uye somatosensory cortex ari kuruboshwe chepfungwa hemisphere. Kwezvose zvavo inhibitory nomugumisiro nociceptive zvigadziriswe munhu kunokwanisika kuburikidza:

• chinovhiringidza pakati nomurwizi kubatsira Tutsinga tunofambisa mashoko utwu ari musana;
• achifumira braking zvainoita Tutsinga tunofambisa mashoko utwu ari thalamus;
• ari kusashanda migumisiro pamusoro hurongwa pamusoro-pasi kudzora mabhureki dzataurwa pamusoro apa.

Disengagement kurwadziwa mumuviri

Nociceptive uye antinociceptive enyika muviri zviri pedyo Kufambisa. The yokupedzisira unobereka endogenous opioid zvinoriumba, izvo chokwadi ane mushonga mukati.

Izvi zvinosanganisira muuropi, dynorphin, uye zvichingodaro. D. The peculiarity of makemikari anoumba vari pamawere peptide sequences, kufanana duku mapuroteni mamorekuru kuti dzine amino acids.

Basa asiri opioid uye opioid peptides

Munzvimbo zvinobetsera uwandu Tutsinga tunofambisa mashoko utwu kunosanganisira antinociceptive ezvinhu chaiwo receptors yaiva yakadaro zvinhu. Somuenzaniso, uchikurukura opioid receptors kazhinji rinowanika pana unozotevera braking mudzimu nomumwe Tutsinga tunofambisa mashoko utwu. Muchiitiko chino, nociceptive marwadzo hurongwa anova chinovatadzisa uye kurwadziwa anenge asingadi sei. The chinhu duku Tutsinga tunofambisa mashoko utwu unonyaradza marwadzo hurongwa ndiye mhingaidzo ari kupararira nokuparadzirwa kurwadziwa hwakazotevera excitation cheni harinzwi.

The pamutemo muitiro pamusoro chidzoke kurwadziwa kunosanganisira opioid peptides kwete chete. Non-opioid peptides (semuenzaniso, neurotensin) kukanganisa okupedzisira bolevospriyatie munhu. Kunobva zvakasiyana siyana zvinyorwa, marwadzo anogona tunodzivisa noradrenaline, dopamine, kweserotonin nezvimwe catecholamines.

kuti mashandiro kuti kudzvinyirira kurwadziwa sei?

Antinociceptive basa muviri ino inogona kuva nzira dzakawanda:

1. The mashandiro pamusoro okukurumidzira chiito. Pane zvingaitwa chinorwadza anotikurudzira, kukonzera synaptic excitation ari hurongwa achiburuka inhibitory kuzvidzora. Mukati rwemberi nyanga yacho musana panguva ino inogona kuonekwa vakaomerwa afferent nociceptive dzishande. In huru chikamu analgesia mashandiro ichi. Kana kudzvinyirira kurwadziwa panguva anoshanda maviri kunorwadza anotikurudzira.
2. The mashandiro chiito pfupi. Kutanga hypothalamus, dzinobatanidza akaputsa kudzora gadziriro ichiburuka mhando dorsal midbrain uye medulla. Kuti Activate kuti nomazviri Kuderedza excitation kurwadziwa panguva ufanane musana uye dzimwe nguva pfungwa inodiwa zvinoshungurudza.
3. The mashandiro chiito refu. Huru nzvimbo dziri munzvimbo hypothalamus, vari kusashanda ari kugara marwadzo. Updraft chinorwadza excitation iri chakasvitswa kumativi ose pasi kuzvidzora. Pakazosvika nociceptive hurongwa rinobatanidza mupfungwa dziberekane kurwadziwa. ngakuite kwakadaro kakawanda haisi chinangwa.
4. Tonic mashandiro. Nokuda kwake kuramba basa antinociceptive hurongwa vaitsigira nzvimbo orbital uye frontal nzvimbo cerebral cortex. Ivo dziri mune frontal akafukidza, shure meso. Basa nociceptive maumbirwo vaipa dzose braking maturo. Zviya, izvi zvinogona kuonekwa, uye kusavapo marwadzo zvakakwana.

Chii marwadzo?

, Antsinotsitseptivnaya hurongwa muviri, kudzora sechivako cerebral cortex kunobatsira kugadzirira pre-kukuvadzwa zvazviri, uye ipapo utore vakurukurirane kurwadziwa pamwe vasanyanye pakati kusingafadzi, dzamira nezvekufadza.

Kubva ose pamusoro, unogona tigumise nyore kuti kusimba uye hunhu marwadzo zvakafanorongwa zviri kushanda hurongwa maviri: nociceptive uye antinociceptive. First - marwadzo, wechipiri - antipain. The chaizvo kuti nekuita kwavo anosarudza hunhu marwadzo kune munhu. The marwadzo angava akasiyana, sezvinotevera:

• Hyperalgesia - State kana zvakawedzera aikanganiswa marwadzo, migumisiro iyo vangava yakakwirira kugadzikana hurongwa nociceptive kana antinociceptive pasi excitation hurongwa.
• Hypoalgesia - ezvinhu panguva akaderedza aikanganiswa kurwadziwa kunokonzerwa kubva vanetsane: kurwadziwa antinociceptive maitiro wakawedzera uye kuderedzwa nociceptive hurongwa excitation.

Zvirwere kunogona kukanganisa muviri, uye ivo zvikurukuru kuvimba kutopinda marwadzo. ukoshi ichi chinomiririra asiri kunofambira mberi chinjwa zvinoriumba, achizosiyana pamwe zvinhu marwadzo uye marwadzo enyika. Uye antinociceptive uye dzinoumba chete mamiriro nociceptive marwadzo yakaoma, sezvo chete zvinhu zvayo.

Chii vanotyisidzira kurwadzisa murume?

Asi kuoma kutsinga dzinouya bolevospriyatiya gadziriro zvakakodzera kuti munhu arambe muviri wayo zvikamu Vakapererawo. Uyezve, izvi hurongwa ishande zvinetso (marwadzo uye antipain) kuchinja upenyu hwevanhu okusafarira. In chenjera pfupi kana marwadzo nezvekufadza, zvinotevera kunoitika:

1. hope vachivavhiringidza.
2. Kushaikwa chido chokurara.
3. Kushatirwa, inattention.
4. The kuderera motokari basa.
5. Depression, mwoyo psycho-kunetsa.

Zvichemo marwadzo - rufu

Kurwadziwa anogona kuderedza kufema, dzimwe nguva kunyange kurega zvachose, apo simba marwadzo kumashure kunogona kukanganisa kumhanyisa kwayo. Irwadziwe kunowedzera kwemwoyo, wakawedzera BP, iro vanotyisidzira kuvandudzwa peripheral vascular spasm.

Chokutanga, ganda inova rakachenuruka, asi pfupi marwadzo dilated midziyo ropa ita Flushing nayo. Kwakaderedza secretion mate, gastric muto uye kugadzirwa rwatata, intestinal peristalsis kwamira, izvo zvinowanzoita kuti anuria. Kukura chinorwadza kuvhunduka kana kurwadziwa hwakazara dzinouraya nemigumisiro.