Aristophanes, "The Matatya": Pfupiso mutambo, ongororo uye wongororo

Aristophanes - yakakurumbira rekare rechiGiriki munyori wemitambo, akadana kwaari zvakakodzera "baba Comedy." Munyaya ino tichataura pamusoro mumwe ake Mitambo yakakurumbira - "Frogs". Funga kwayo Muchidimbu, pfupi kuongorora uye kuuya wongororo kuverenga.

prehistory

Une chinhu chokuita nhoroondo yekare Greek mutambo, Aristophanes akanyora. "Matatya" (pfupiso kuuya pazasi), saka unofanira kuverenga shure pfupi tsananguro.

MuAtene, akararama vatatu aizivikanwa vose Greece wevanyori nenjodzi: mukuru wavo aiva Aeschylus, svikiro - uye muduku Sophocles - Euripides. Saka Aeschylus vaiona rakaisvonaka uye simba, Sophocles - rinobvumirana uye yakajeka, uye Euripides - gangaidzo uye kuoma. Panguva yakanyorwa mutambo playwrights zvose atofa, uye gakava mberi pakati vakararama pamusoro akanga zvakanakisisa pavo. Maonero ake panyaya iyi akasarudza kuratidza Aristophanes ( "datya") iri mutambo. Mukupfupikisa, iyo inogona kuwanikwa pazasi, achaita kujekesa uyo, ari maonero mutambo, zvakanakisisa.

Zvinoreva zita

Ko zita chinoshamisa zvakadaro kubva mutambo rwakazvitsaurira playwrights? Chokwadi chokuti orwiyo mutambo, Aristophanes agamuchirwa, yaifanira vakapfeka zvokupfeka matatya uye zvose nziyo dzavo dzakanga croaking mitsetse.

Asi matatya izvi hazvisi nyore, zvinowanika akafa murwizi Styx, naro inopfuura mweya rowakafa chikepe chake Charon.

Aristophanes, "The Matatya": pfupiso. tai

MuAtene, mwari yemitambo anorichengeta anonzi aiva Dionysus. Akati kuti guta haagari thespians zvakanaka. The hanya kutapwa yemitambo, akasarudza kuenda kuHadhesi mubudise Euripides.

Dionysus haazivi sei kuti Hadhesi, saka kutsvaka zano Hercules uyo akanga vatovako. Anoti achaita uyambuke Charon, ndizvozvo chete zvose penhumbi aifanira kusiya kumahombekombe. Asi Dionysus haagoni kukandira zvinhu zvavo. Zvino Mwari pachake anogara pasi muchikepe uye kuendeswa kune rimwe divi pachikuva, uye muranda wake nezvinhu kumhanya kumativi mupendero. Kune rimwe divi ivo vakawana.

Gateway kuHadhesi

Kumboda ine simba rengano nheyo mutambo pamusoro Aristophanes 'Matatya "(pfupiso uchapupu).

Pano Dionysus ndiyo muzinda neHadhesi, uyo Aeacus anogara. Munguva ngano agozviratidza mutongi paSheori, uye mutambo zvinoratidzira muranda-wesuo. Dionysus ari achigogodza pagedhi. EAA anobvunza vaiuya. Mwari, donning ganda weshumba, anoti Hercules. Murindi vanotyisidzira amuburitsa namakava, nokuti gamba akatora Cerberus ake.

Dionysos nokutya yakazonyorwa somukadzi, uye anopa ganda muranda. Asi zvino pane musikana kuti Queen yeHadhesi uye Hercules muzita Mai nepedyo. Dionysus nomuranda wake vapfeke kukurumidza zvakare.

Aeacus anodzokera muchitokisi. Iye anotarira vaenzi uye haagoni kunzwisisa ndiani muranda uye ndiani muridzi. Anosarudza kupopotera Kurohwa zvose - wokutanga kuchema, uye muranda. Asi asingashumbi haana kubuda. Ipapo Aeacus anosarudza kutora vashanyi chisingatarisirwi kuti Hadhesi, mwari wenyika nyikadzimu worudzii ndiani uyo.

vadetembi Makwikwi

Pfupiso yebhuku ( "datya") Saka anotora kujairika chitarisiko kuti muverengi ano, nokuti zviito kutamba iri kuvhiringidzwa mashoko orwiyo, riri muchimiro rwiyo anotaura emwedzi. Pashure paizvozvo, rangano kukura zvichiitika.

Zvakaratidza kuti pane makwikwi pakati vanyanduri ari paSheori. Kutozosvikira munguva ichangopfuura, zvakanakisisa akanga Aeschylus, asi zvino zita rake Kusawirirana Euripides. Uye Hadhesi Utare mutongi Dionysus makwikwi. Rinotanga mutambo.

Wokutanga anoita Euripides, Aeschylus, iye blames ndechokuti Mitambo ake ndiwo hakunakidzi, mashoko isinganzwisisiki. Panguva imwe cheteyo Euripides zvose zviri nyore uye zvakajeka, sezvo muupenyu. Aeschylus mupikisi akaramba kuti chinangwa Nyanduri ndiko kudzidzisa vanhu chokwadi uye unyoro, uye magamba Euripides pemabasa uye zvine utsinye, kuitira kuti adzidzise vateereri vakanaka? Kana mashoko, matunhu pfungwa uye yakakwirira mutauro wakakodzera.

nhetembo kuverenga

A ruzivo zvakanaka mungano kunzwisisa chigadzirwa kuti akanyora Aristophanes ( "datya"). Mukupfupikisa, mharidzo kana ongororo saka havaiti pasina chiduku karwendo kupinda ngano Greek yekare.

Kunotanga chinotevera chikamu makwikwi - vanyanduri verenga nhetembo dzavo. Wokutanga anoita Aeschylus. Euripides zvinoita rinoti kuti Somuenzaniso, Orestes paguva rababa vake anonyengetera kuti "kunzwa uye kuteerera," asi chaizvoizvo ndizvo zvimwechete. Ake chinonyaradza Dionysus - Orestes unofadza kuvakafa, uye kuti kunyange dzokororo - havanzwi.

Zvadaro verenga zvisikwa zvavo Euripides, uye Aeschylus vane niggles pano - nei vose mutambo kunotanga pedigrees. Knotted chakakomba nharo kuti zvinenge anouya kuzvibhakera. Asi nguva apindira Dionysus. Mwari anosarudza kuti regai vadetembi kudzokorora ndima imwe nhetembo, uye iye uchava pamusoro pamwero kuyera ndeupi "kwakanyanya". Euripides anotanga, asi basa rake yainetsa uye netsa. Aeschylus mberi uye oti, rinopindirana uye kunonakidza tambo. Dionysus pakarepo inoshevedzera kuti "Aeschylus kuoma."

gumisiro

Muchikamu chinotevera pavaipfuura makwikwi vadetembi vanofanira kugoverana maonero avo ezvematongerwe enyika ezvinhu muAthens. Zvisinei, pane vadetembi pachavo. Dionysus vakavhiringidzika; ndiani kuti kubvisa muHadhesi pachake. Pakarepo anoita chisarudzo uye inozivisa Kumukundi pamusoro Aeschylus. Euripides achigumburwa: mwari akanga avimbisa mumubate. Mukupindura, Dionysus paanosangana nhetembo yake - "Kwete ini, rurimi rwangu akavimbisa." Mudetembi kuramba kuramba, uye Mwari anonzwira mashoko pamabasa ake. Somugumisiro, Euripides akanyarara.

Dionysus uye Aeschylus kudzokera. Hadhesi anovabvunza kubudisa siyana kuzivisa vakachenjera uye vezvematongerwo enyika kuti tanga takamirira. The korasi anoimba veAteni uye Aeschylus, tenzi risingaenzaniswi mashoko.

Saka rinoguma kuti mutambo kuti akanyora Aristophanes ( "datya"). Pfupiso yebhuku nokuti muverengi kuti dhayari inogona yekudyidzana kuderedzwa, kwete hunonyatsodonongodza kukakavadzana wegedhi uye squabble vadetembi.

kuongorora

The mutambo yakatanga akaita muna 405 BC. e. uye zvakanga zvakanaka yakagamuchirwa vaAtene voruzhinji. Kutaura zvazviri, kutamba ichi chinoratidza mabhuku pfungwa nemunyori. Comedy zvakajeka kunangana Euripides, uyo sokuti mbodza, nekunzwisisa uye antipatriotichnym. Asi zvine Aeschylus - High nyanduri ane nhetembo azadzwa umhare Maral, yakadzika, zvakakomba uye nyika.

Basa iri zvikuru norusaruro kutonga umo Aristophanes anoona pacharo. "Matatya" (pfupiso iri munyaya ino) akanyorwa nomunyori pashure nhevedzano enyika neechiuto kwezvirimwa veAtene. Mumwe zvikonzero pokukundwa Aristophanes anoona itsva kuitira - gutsaruzhinji, uye izvo rinosanganisa Euripides. Nepo Aeschylus chinoratidza aimbova hurongwa. Pasinei political wezwi asingadi kuderera mune Parody pamusoro chigadzirwa. Comedy anodzokororwa mune zvetsika manyorerwe buffoonery uye jester.

Reviews

Kumusoro, takabva pepfupikiso kwekuva mutambo wa Aristophanes 'Matatya' wongororo sezvo tinomiririra pano. Saka, pasinei nguva yakapfuura kubva kunyorwa kutamba, uchiri kuverenga uye kuseka. Aristophanes Humor kunyanya pachena ikozvino. Chokwadi, vaverengi Uchaona kuti kushaya ruzivo nhoroondo uye mabhuku Greece yekare kungaparira vamwe nenyonganyonga, asi kwose haina kudzivirira kunakidzwa chigadzirwa.