Ancient Greece - munyika zvinoshamisa. netsika yake zvikuru dzakabudirira akabatanidzwa guru basa kukura nyika budiriro. Rengano nzira kufunga kuri muvanhu iyoyo, akabereka chitendero muya pebhanhire zvakanyatsobatana vechihedheni, totem zvitendero, kunamata madzitateguru uye kufurirwa pepfungwa vemamwe marudzi, nevaGiriki vekare akabata. "The Odyssey" uye "rinonzi Iliad", mabasa anonzi Hesiod, temberi dzakawanda, mifananidzo yavamwari, mifananidzo - ndiwo matsime kuburikidza dzatinogona kudzidza zvakawanda pamusoro mukuru Hellas.
Picture enyika uye pfungwa
At mwoyo rengano hana vaGiriki vekare uye tsika dzavo nhema pfungwa nzvimbo sezvo imwe chipenyu nyika. Zvesayenzi ichi inonzi zvipenyu cosmologism-akachenjera. Zvakasikwa naye mapuraneti, nyeredzi, mapoka enyeredzi pamwe Nyika pacharo nezvinhu zvose, zvaiita kuti vararame, takaberekwa tine chikonzero uye kugutsikana mune zvokunamata. Mitemo uye zvakasikwa somunhu nevaGiriki muna zvifananidzo zvavanamwari vekare - navaduku, varanda vavo uye vabatsiri, magamba uye Titans. Nyika yose uye zvose zvinoitika mairi vaGiriki vakanzwisisa sezvo mukuru chakavanzika, kufanana kutamba, vakaridza panze padariro upenyu zvatinoona. Vatambi mairi kuita sezvinoita vanhu pachavo, uye mwari kuzvidzora. Vamwari vakanga vasiri kure vanhu. Ivo akayeuchidza zvavo pakuonekwa, tsika, maitiro, tsika. Nekuti vaGiriki vekare vaigona kukwikwidzana navo kusateerera uye kuhwina! rusununguko urwu hatina kuwanikwa zvimwe zvitendero.
naMwari pantheon
The tanga vanamwari vekare Greek, kunyanya mwari Hadhesi, vane chokuita zvitendero zvakafanana Indo-European kuti aripo mumazuva iwayo. Vanotsvakurudza vakawana zvakafanana zhinji pakati Indian, somuenzaniso, uye ndero navagere kudenga. Kana ngano uye chitendero vakatanga kuruka zvose kunyatsotevera mupfungwa dzevanhu, wechiGiriki pantheon izere "varimi" itsva. Vaiva magamba rengano. Saka chinyakare wechihedheni cosmogony aibatana rezvitendero Papera nguva. Uye zvikuru Olympus, izvo tinoziva mabasa ounyanzvi, pamwe nevagari vayo vose yakaumbwa kwete kamwe.
chizvarwa vamwari
Munguva yekare vanamwari kusiyanisa pakati kumarudzi vakura uye muduku. Aimbova inoreva Tobira - rima uye nyangarara, kuberekwa vamwe ipapo. Kubva nyonganyonga akaumba nyika - zvayo zimukadzimu raMwari vaGiriki inonzi GAIA. mwarikadzi usiku - hapana - rwayo kuzoziviswa shanduko nguva zuva. Chakasuruvara muTatarosi akava muenzaniso shoko "rakadzikadzika". Gare gare, kubvira pane ngano chisikwa, iye achava nzvimbo ane rima, izvo inotongwa namwari Hadhesi. Wakazvarwa nyonganyonga uye Eros - musimboti werudo. Rudzi chechipiri pemasimba epamusoro nevaGiriki vana GAIA uye Kronos titanium. Vaiva Uranus - mutongi dzedenga, Pontasi - tenzi vose dzomukati mumakungwa, mwari Hadhesi - muridzi yepasi, uye Zeus, Poseidon, Hypnos uye vazhinji nevamwe Olympians. Mumwe nomumwe wavo ane "zvoupenyu simba" yayo, noukama chaihwo mumwe nomumwe uye nevanhu.
mazita mwari
Mwari Hadhesi ane zvimwe pachake mazita. VaGiriki akaritumidza sezvo Hadhesi, uye mune Roman mungano anonzi Pluto - chihombe, zvirema, dema, anotyisa, anotyisa. Uye pakupedzisira, Polidegmon (kubva "Poly" - zvakawanda, "degmon" - imba), kureva, "yakawanda atiitirewo.", "kugamuchira yakawanda" ... Chii iwe kureva okuberekwa? Chete kuti rechiGiriki mwari Hadhesi akatungamirira umambo vakafa. In ake "diocese" akamuka zvose mweya vakasiya ino. Ndicho chikonzero Muruvoko "vazhinji", uye mashoma zviitiko apo mumwe aigona kudzoka. A tsananguro "yakawanda anotora, anenge zvipo" rine chokuita ngano: mweya mumwe vasati vatama mumusha wavo mutsva, kubhadhara mutero mutakuri Charon. Rinotaurawo anodzora mwari wechiGiriki Hadhesi. Saka, vaya mari kuti ape mweya kuyambuka Styx, kupinda coffers memukuru umambo vakafa. Nokuti, nenzira, uye yaiva tsika muGirisi yekare: vachiviga vakafa ne "mipiro".
Hadhesi muHadhesi
Sei Hadhesi - mwari vakafa? Sei zvomuchadenga akasarudza kwakakwidibira vakagara yakadaro? Cronus akatya makwikwi, ikapedza vana vake. Maererano nemamwe mabhuku, zvinoitirwa zvakawira Aida. Maererano nedzimwe nyanzvi kare, vabereki okutuka akapa mwana wavo ari rakadzikadzika muTatarosi. Kana vanamwari vaduku vakamukira vakuru, pakava utsinye hondo pakati pavo. Kwezviuru zvemakore vaiva muhondo, asi Zeus, Poseidon nevamwe vana Kronos wakunda refu-akanga akamirirwa. Vakabva akasunungura vasungwa, akapidigura baba vake uye akaisa naye, ivo Titans uye Cyclopes kunzvimbo zvichangobva vasungwa, uye nyika yose iri akakamurwa "mabhora ose simba". somugumisiro Zeus - Ishe wedenga vose yepamusoro masimba, Hadhesi - mwari paSheori, rinonziwo. Poseidon kutora muruoko ose okunze mvura. Hama dzakasarudza ushe pamwe chete, pasina kunetsana uye tisingazvikuvadzi mumwe.
muguva
Chii anomiririra muguva, iyo inotongwa wekare mwari muHadhesi Greek? Kana munhu kutaura akaonekana navo kuti upenyu, izvozvo rwunotumirwa Hermes - nhume mapapiro shangu. Iye kuitwawo mweya kusvika pamhenderekedzo kumuganhu yoRwizi Styx, izvo wakapatsanura nyika vevanhu munyika mimvuri, uye transmits navo Charon - the ferryman, kuti anunure vavo vakatambudzwa kusvikira paSheori. Assistant Charon - Cerberus, imbwa-chikara chine misoro mitatu uye nyoka pachinzvimbo pakora. Anoona kuti hapana akasara ari kugeza havana kudzokera pasi. At yepasisa, kure mativi Aida nhema muTatarosi, apo mukova uri mikova Akanyatsovharwa simbi. Kazhinji, mu "umambo yerima nedzeHadhesi" haana unowana ukurire mushana. Pane kuora mwoyo, chando, vakasurukirwa. Mweya yevakafa dzichidzungaira kuburikidza nawo, achizadza nzvimbo nenzwi guru nekurira, achichema, uye nokugomera. Kutambura kuipa chinokatyamadza kwavo misangano zvipoko uye zvikara kumuvandira murima. Nokuti ndizvo yavenga nzvimbo chenhamo vanhu!
unhu simba
Ndezvipi chinosiyanisa zviratidzo mwari Hadhesi? Anogara pakati huru neeimba yamambo pamusoro kwoumbozha choushe yakaisvonaka. iri pedyo mukadzi - nguva dzose chinopunyairireiko, akanaka Persephone. Maererano nengano, chigaro kwakaita Hermes - mwari blacksmithing, ari vaichengetedza rwokugadzira, mhizha. Komberedza Hadhesi nehasha muridzo Erin - vanamwarikadzi kutsiva, muchivande kurwadziwa uye kutambura. Hapana kuvanzirana kwavari, munhu anogona kuonekwa atambudzwa kuti rufu! Sezvo Hadhesi - mwari yepasi (mufananidzo nemifananidzo yekare munoona munyaya ino) vakafa, iye kazhinji anofananidzirwa musoro namanhede. Ichi chikamu Painters uye vavezi vemabwe akasimbisa kuti haana kutarira munhu ari ziso, vane vanamwari chinhu, akafa. Chimwe chinokosha chokufunga Hadhesi - a mashiripiti ngowani. Zvinoita kwayo akaripfeka asingaoneki. Wonderful nadzo akapa mwari cyclops, kana akanunura kubva muTatarosi. Mwari haawanikwi pasina ake chombo-simba rose - bidentate nemaforogo. Ake tsvimbo yakashongedzwa dimikira misoro mitatu imbwa. Mwari akatasva nengoro, izvo mahanisi chete rikasviba usiku, namabhiza. The chinhu ramwari kuvakafa, Chokwadi, pasi, madota, akatora muviri wayo muura. A ruva chinofananidzira Aida - dzomusango tulips. VaGiriki vekare vakamusvitsa sechibayiro nerenzombe vatema.
boka racho
Asi shure chinotyiwa Suite Aida. Kunze Erin pedyo naye nguva dzose yakaoma, haaregi mutongi, ane zita Radamanf uye Minos. Kufa Pachine anodedera, nekuti vanoziva kuti mumwe nomumwe wavo kururama nhano, chivi chose chichabviswa aendeswe nhoroondo iri isingaori Aida dare, uye hapana minyengetero vachaponeswa kurohwa. Huge mapapiro vatema, zvakafanana avo chii hunhu akapa zviremwaremwa, zvakafanana ruvara jasi uye munondo unopinza - saka sokunge mumwe mugari neHadhesi - Thanatos, mwari rufu. It ndokucheka kure ake pfuti shinda upenyu uye murimi nyore, uye muranda simba, uye mambo ane simba, muridzi zvisingaverengeki pfuma. Asati afa vose vakaenzana - ichi chinorevei ouzivi ichi mufananidzo ngano. Hypnos, mwari yakadzika hope, mukomana akanaka, zvakare pedyo. Iye - a mapatya pamusoro Thanatos, saka anotuma kurota dzimwe nguva rinorema, yakadzika, pamusoro vanoti "kwakafanana rufu." Uye, chokwadi, mwarikadzi Hecate, ane chaizvo zita kunoita vanhu kudedera.
Ngano uye Legends
Kungofanana vamwari, Hadhesi mwari chokuita ngano zhinji uye ngano. Yakakurumbira - kubva Persephone, mwanasikana Zeus, uye mwarikadzi pasi uye chokubereka - Demeter. Very yakanaka nyaya Orpheus uye Eurydice. Sad nhema pamusoro musikana anonzi Mint, raiva dambudziko akafanana Aida, izvo zvakakonzera kudenhwa kutsamwa negodo pa Persephone. Somugumisiro, tinogona kunwa tii pamwe zvemiti uswa, izvo, chokwadi, musikana uye vakatendeukira mwarikadzi! Hongu, ari chaizvo mubindu chemindi. More Tinoyeuka akakurumbira kuratidza Sisyphean basa, izvo ukama muHadhesi zvakananga.