Arnold Vladimir Chikareva: Biography, mhuri uye kubudirira pakati yakakurumbira yemasvomhu

Arnold Vladimir Chikareva - chinhu Soviet uye Russian yemasvomhu, uyo akakurukura dzidziso differential equations pamusoro, singularities pamusoro kumeso mappings, uyewo akanyora nhamba nemabasa ari yokungotaura makanika uye topology.

Biography

Arnold Vladimir Chikareva (mufananidzo takaisa munyaya) akaberekwa musi 12.06.1937 muna Ukraine, muguta Odessa.

Zvisinei, nokukurumidza, mhuri yake vakatamira Moscow, apo remangwana yemasvomhu vakapedza ake muduku. Pashure kuguma Metropolitan School nhamba 59 Vladimir Arnold akava mudzidzi Mechanics uye Mathematics rorusununguko Moscow State University uye zvinobudirira kudzidza muna 1959

Masayendisiti Future raki. mudzidzisi wake akanga akakurumbira yemasvomhu Andrey Nikolaevich Kolgomorov. Nechekare kwayo makore 20 Vladimir Arnold akataura kuti chero kuramba basa zvinosanganisira vakawanda variables zvinogona achimiririrwa mubatanidzwa womumwe nhamba mitambo. Zvinokwanisika kupedza dambudziko Hilbert kuti rechi13.

MSU akapiwa chitupa, Arnold Vladimir Chikareva akanga achishanda mumba yake kuyunivhesiti. Munguva kubva 1965 kusvika 1986, akashanda somutariri muzvinafundo. Kuva mudzidzisi akasiyana nevamwe, Vladimir I. aiitisa zvidzidzo zvavo ikumikidzo Kujeka mharidzo uye zvakajeka. Panguva iyoyowo, akasarangarira zvikuru va neudhadha wevakadzidza werudzii, ichipa yakarurama mutsara axioms. Kutungamirirwa kudzidza pamasvomhu kunyange vaiona inokuvadza. Uye kutsanangura chaiyo sayenzi nzira yake, akakurudzira vose vadzidzi uye vechikoro.

Akatevera nzvimbo basa raiva Steklov kwemasvomhu Institute. Pano Arnold Vladimir Chikareva vakashanda kubvira muna 1986 kusvikira okupedzisira oupenyu hwake. Mumakore aya, iye akanga achishanda pedyo Paris-Dauphine University.

Akafa yemasvomhu Arnold Vladimir Chikareva 03.06.2010 guru French. In Paris, musayendisiti-gore 72 okuberekwa ari achirapwa kurapwa. Vladimir I. akapinda St. Antoine Hospital pamusoro avaida rufu rwake. Apo iye akavhiyiwa, aisagona kufamba chakaitwa.

Kuvigwa yemasvomhu Arnold Vladimir Chikareva 15.06.2010 pa Novodevichy Cemetery muMoscow. Parutivi iye anozorora Academician Vitaly Ginzburg.

mhuri

Chii chinoita kunakidza saka paiva musayendisiti akakurumbira Russian, ndianiko Vladimir I. Arnold Biography? Family Mathematics akabatanidzwa basa rinokosha muupenyu hwake.

Baba musayendisiti - Igor Vladimirovich Arnold - aiva chiremba sciences pedagogical. Aivawo runoenzanirana nhengo Academy of Sciences Pedagogical of RSFSR purofesa, masvomhu, uye Methodist. Sekuru Vladimir Chikareva - Arnold Vladimir Fedorovich - aiva Statistician uye Economist. Akanyora mabasa akawanda kudzidza mari mapurazi uye agronomic nzira. Hama, mbuya Vladimir Chikareva yemadzibaba - munyori BS Zhitkov.

Amai akakurumbira Russian yemasvomhu Arnold Nina akanga unyanzvi mutsoropodzi. nzvimbo yake basa raiva Pushkin Museum. Vladimir Chikareva sekuru pamusoro rwaamai mutsetse - Isakovich Aleksandr Solomonovich. Aiva gweta uyewo tsvakurudzo pamwe uye musoro mudzidzisi panguva Odessa Research Institute of Refrigeration Industry.

On the rwaamai divi aiva muzukuru pakati Vladimir I. wefizikisi: Isakovich Mikhail Alexandrovich (Musoro yokungotaura weboka iri Acoustics Institute of USSR.) Uye Paradise Natalia Alexandrovna, uyo akashanda se mupepeti weDhipatimendi wefizikisi, riri muna All-Union State Library mabhuku nesayenzi.

Hama Arnolda V. I. mbuya pamusoro rwaamai mutsetse - akakurumbira yefizikisi Li Mandelstam. Izvi sainzi iwoyo wakayeriswa hwake, uye munin'ina yemasvomhu - Arnold Dmitriy Chikareva.

Academic basa pamba

vakabudirira sei basa riri kuitwa Vladimir Chikareva Arnold? Biography wemasvomhu ake chainyanya kwakajeka pakutanga muna USSR, uye ipapo - mu Russia. kubudirira ake mumunda uyu zvave richizivikanwa ari madenderedzwa zvezvipfuwo uye dzimwe masayendisiti.

Nechekare muna 1965, aigona kuva azere nhengo Academy of Sciences of USSR, asi dzokuvhota zvabuda akaratidza kusava chete vhoti chete. sarudzo yake kwakaitika makore 25 chete gare gare. Chikonzero chikuru chakadaro refu yokumbozorora chakafukidzwa, zvichida mune yakazvimirira maonero musayendisiti. Vladimir I. akaratidza maonero avo zviri kwemasvomhu mabasa, zvisinei kwe nemunyori. Dzimwe nguva kunyange zvidzidzo akauya pasi moto norupi ake.

"Mutsamba makumi mapfumbamwe namapfumbamwe" chipingamupinyi chakakomba yake basa raiva nokusaina naye 1968. Raiva shoko rinoumbwa achidzivirira muSoviet pfungwa Esenin-Volpin, iyo pasi kumanikidzwa vepfungwa kurapwa. Panguva iyi dissident chiito Arnold kurambidzwa kufamba kunze kwenyika. Uye kusvikira pakuguma 1980s, musayendisiti aihuitira pakubata nezvavatorwa mathematicians. chokwadi ichi, aiona pachake Vladimir I., aiva inokanganisa pamabasa ake dzesayenzi.

Academic basa kunze

The kusvetuka mu mitengo anokonzerwa nokuchinja kwehurumende, Vladimir Chikareva kumanikidzwa kutsvaka mamwe manyuko mari. Uye, achiyeuka rwake rwokuenda France, kwakaitika muna 1964-1965 gg., Akabvuma Pfupiro pamwe chete University muParis Dauphine.

Kubvira 1976, musayendisiti akasarudzwa ane honorary nhengo kwemasvomhu Society of London, waiva kumeso kwazvo. Mumashoko Arnold, nekupinda tsvimbo iyi yakanga zvikuru nomukurumbira kupfuura kuwana Fields menduru. Nyanzvi yemasvomhu akapisira nhengo iri Pontifical Academy. Asi iye akaramba izvozvo, dzichishandisa nokusabvumirana pamwe vachiri haana akadzima matongero, izvo 1600 akabudisa Raibvunzurudza Dzhordano Bruno.

Muna 1987, V. I. Arnolda akasarudzwa sechinhu honorary vatorwa nhengo Academy of Arts uye Sciences of America. Papera gore akanga akabvuma kuti Royal Society of London.

Muna 1990, Vladimir Chikareva akasarudzwa Academician of Academy of Sciences of USSR, uye kubva muna 1996 kusvika 2010 aiva President of Moscow kwemasvomhu Society. mabasa akafanana kuitwa Arnold uye kunze. Saka, kubva muna 1996 kusvika 2002, musayendisiti aiva mutevedzeri wenyika uye nhengo Executive Committee of International kwemasvomhu Union.

kubudirira Major

Muupenyu hwake nesayenzi basa yemasvomhu Arnold Vladimir Chikareva aiva chinokosha kwakabatsira pfungwa dzakasiyana-siyana. chipo chikuru akaita:

1. The Kugadzirisa imwe angangova Hilbert kuti dambudziko nematatu.
2. In dzidziso, perturbations ose Hamiltonian gadziriro. The uwandu hwezvinhu zvose zvabatanidzwa., nzira, zvabuda uye pfungwa kuti zita rako pachako. Nhasi ndiro Kolmogorov-Arnold-Moser theorem no (Kam dzidziso).
3. Kushandiswa topological nzira kuti hydrodynamics.
4. Dzidziso singularities. budiriro Izvi zvaiita kuti revolutionize magadzirirwo kuti kupatsanura zvinhu. The dzidziso kuvapfumi zvikuru uye awana dzakawanda mafomu.
5. Mune topology chaiyo algebraic mhando. Arnold mumwe wokutanga kushandisa kunzwisisa kwenzira kudzidza kupiwa topology.
6. In yakaoma rethinking anokosha pfungwa pamusoro integrability zvakadaro zvakafanana simba gadziriro. Zvino pfungwa iyi ine rimwe zita. Nhasi, zviri integrable kubudikidza Arnold-Liouville.
7. Pakuvaka fomu chizvaro mhuri. basa iri kwakaguma kwetunhu kunzwisisa Jorodhani chimiro matrices.
8. Pfungwa kuvaka vanonzi symplectic topology somumwe kunobva quantum cohomology.

Hazvibviri tisingatauri nezvenhoroondo mhando kuti vakarova Arnold Vladimir Chikareva. Quotes of musayendisiti akaratidzwa nevanhu mathematicians anopfuura 22 000 nguva.

Areas ebasa

Kubva kuma1960 Vladimir Chikareva Arnold anotungamira ose kwadzo kufungisisa mano nyika, kushandisa kwemasvomhu nzira. Panyaya iyi, vatsvakurudzi vakaongorora zvinhu izvo vanhu vashoma akateerera, achishandisa ruzivo rwake Encyclopedic.

Vladimir Chikareva Arnold, ane kubudirira mumunda wemasvomhu zvakaoma kuona, nheyo zhinji dzidziso. Zvisinei, apo pfungwa dzake akatora pachena chimiro, uye kuziva chavainyanya mirayiridzo okukura, musayendisiti takaenda padivi. Huru mabasa, Vladimir I. akasiya kukura zvikamu vadzidzi ayo vakawanda aida chipangamazano uye vakatenda kwaari.

mumwechete dzidziso

Pane chimwe chete nharaunda umo Vladimir Chikareva Arnold (Biography wake zvakabatana chaizvo pamwe pamasvomhu) vaishanda zvose mibvunzo kubva pakutanga kusvikira pakupedzisira. Izvi mumwechete dzidziso. nheyo dzaro uye kukura aizoguma Arnold, chikoro chake uye kutora chikamu Vatsvakurudzi Soviet Union uye vazvo dzavatorwa.

Mune mamwe mabhuku dzokuMadokero, mabasa awa vanozivikanwa se "dambudziko dzidziso". Zviri davi masvomhu kuti inorondedzera nechimuko kamwe kuti kunoitika chero marongedzero zvarakasiya diki kubva pakutanga anoti.

Somuenzaniso, imwe motokari Winter. Kombiyuta inogona nyore vakaungana pamba kubva panzvimbo nyore mashoko - bepa, makadhibhokisi, penzura uye vaviri eraser.

Zeeman muchina muenzaniso Hurongwa umo munhu zvichibvira tsaona. Zvakadaro zano penzura eraser chokuita kutenderera Disc kuti makadhibhokisi. Dzimwe nguva sangano racho risina mvere, uye dzimwe nguva, maererano nokuchinja duku spurts. Kusagadzikana Izvi zvinogona kuonekwa zhinji gadziriro.

nzvimbo iyi zivo inoremekedzwa pfungwa nevatsvakurudzi vakawanda. The kugadzikana uye kusagadzikana wegadziriro zvinogona kushandiswa equations kutsanangura Kushanduka mumusika uye kurongedza kuti kupisa chinja. The Kugadzirisa mabasa aya kuchaita kuti kufungidzira chero kuitika kwemaitiro zvenyukireya reactors, kwete kugadzikana chete, asiwo aiparadza nzira.

Arnold Vladimir Chikareva haasi muvambi bazi iri kwemasvomhu nesayenzi. Baba "dambudziko pfungwa" riri kuonekwa Thom. Zvisinei, ibhuku chaiwo rakanyorwa musayendisiti wokuRussia yakatsaurirwa nharaunda iyi. zita rayo - "dambudziko dzidziso".

Titles uye mibayiro

Bright wechiduku yemasvomhu ribude pane mukana Zvaifungidzirwa neHurumende. Muna 1960 akanga paakavapa mubayiro of Moscow kwemasvomhu Society. Asi makore mashanu gare gare V. I. Arnolda uye AM Kolmogorov rinozivikanwa basa rake pamusoro Kam dzidziso. Masayendisiti nomukurumbira Lenin Prize. Kutsvaga yepamusoro mubayiro muna USSR akanga hazvitomboiti.

Kuziva munorumbidzirweiko dzavo uye musayendisiti akagamuchira kubva nyika kwemasvomhu vomunharaunda. Muna 1974, munyika Vancouver, uyewo muna 1983 muna Warsaw, akanga averenga mishumo pamusoro International Congress of Mathematicians. Special hafu yeawa kutaura V. I. Arnolda kwakaitika muna 1966 muMoscow.

Muna 1982, Arnold aizofara Nirenberg (USA) apiwa anosimbisa Swedish Academy of Sciences, asi pakarepo akava nomukurumbira mubayiro Krafordskuyu. Zvisinei, bato utungamiriri USSR harina kusunungurwa kuna Stockholm kuzvigamuchira.

Muna 2001, Vladimir Chikareva Wolf Prize akanga paakavapa. Iye musayendisiti akanga paakavapa kuti basa uye zvibereko basa dzakasiyana nzvimbo masvomhu.

Muna 2007, Arnold aiva pakati laureates of State Prize kweRussia rokutanga. Papera gore akanga paakavapa ari "Asian Nobel Prize." Yaiva Shaw Prize, izvo akaparadzanisa pamwe L. D. Faddeevym, waiva inotevera pose kuziva nebudiriro Arnold.

chinyorwa

Pamwe chete basa esayenzi Arnold Vladimir Chikareva akanyora nyaya. Rakabudiswa zvakanyanya mumapepanhau nemagazini uye kubvunzurudza vanozivikanwa yemasvomhu.

Arnold nyaya zhinji akabata pamusoro nyaya dzidzo. The musayendisiti vakatsoropodza dzidzo wemuTesitamende dzimwe nyika. Panguva iyoyowo rinotaura nezvinetso kwemasvomhu dzidzo muzvikoro zveko. The musayendisiti akaratidza ake akaipa mafungiro pamusoro "ndezvokuti magariro akadaro anoita" vana kufambidzana mabasa.

Arnold akanyorawo Vladimir I. bhuku. mabasa aya vanenge vachinyanya ake tsvakurudzo mabasa. Asi pano, haana kukanganwa pamusoro kuchizvarwa chevechiduku. Saka, rimwe remabhuku rakanyorwa Arnold Vladimir Chikareva - ". Matambudziko vana kubvira 5 kusvika 15 makore" Ngationgororei izvozvo zvizere.

A inonakidza rwendo ive sainzi chaiyo

Zvinoshamisa wayo kugutsikana ibhuku, rakanyorwa Arnold Vladimir Chikareva - "Matambudziko vana kubvira 5 kusvika 15 makore." Mhinduro dzemibvunzo yakawanda yaiva zviri nyore kuwana-gore mashanu vana pane "vakakakatira" kune vechikoro kana vadzidzi. Yakaoma kugadzirisa matambudziko akadai uye mapurofesa, uyewo Nobel laureates uye Fields.

Pfungwa kunyora bhuku rino akaberekwa muchirimo 2004 kuParis. Ndipo apo vakadzidza Russian vaigara France, Arnold akakumbirwa kubatsira vana vavo vari kutsvaka yakadaro Pachivanhu nemafungiro Russia. The chivimbo musayendisiti, ichi ndicho anofanira kukudziridza vanhu vakwegura yakazvimirira kufunga pamusoro nyore, asi panguva imwe chete, iyo yakaoma nyaya.

The bhurocha zvinosanganisira 77 mabasa rakanyorwa kana vakasarudzwa nomunyori. Mutongo voruzhinji vavo havadi ruzivo chaiyo kuti vaende mhiri chikoro. Rake rinonzi Vladimir I. yakanyorerwa vanoenda kukireshi uye vechikoro, vadzidzi nevadzidzisi. Zvinofanira wokurera uye avo vabereki vanofunga dzidzo mwana wavo ane fanira chikamu tsika nemafungiro munhu.

Heuno mumwe muenzaniso mabasa hunodiwa kuti chiduku buri. On a pasherefu mabhuku vari mavhoriyamu maviri mabasa Pushkin. Pakukora nomumwe mapeji ndiyo 2 cm Uyezve, kavha mabhuku aya -. 2 neimwe mm. Papeji cheBhuku yokutanga 1 akanga agere bookworm. Akabva gnawed kuburikidza nzira pfupi daro, uye rakanga riri rokupedzisira peji cheBhuku 2. Chii kukosha kwebasa zvaakaita daro?

Izvi topology kunoshamisa (geometric) dambudziko, iyo mhinduro rakanyatsojeka zvisingatarisirwi kuti vanhu vazhinji - 4 mm. Anokwanisa anyadzise vazhinji Nobel laureates, asi vanoenda kukireshi vana, achiri ndiani anogona kuita zvakawanwa, kukurira kazhinji yakanaka.