Banking System Structure

The rwezvemabhengi gadziriro - kunobatanidzwa upfumi munyika, kuunganidzwa vose zvikwereti masangano, imwe neimwe iri basa rayo basa pachavo inokosha. Vanopedza dzavo mazita remapazi kusangana eSosaiti kudiwa rwezvemabhengi basa uye zvigadzirwa. The nemamiriro rwezvemabhengi gadziriro ipfupi pakuparadzirwa zvose rwezvemabhengi masangano vakuru vakuru zvichienderana mabasa avo.

ReRussia rwezvemabhengi maitiro achine zvakawanda kuzvipokanidza. Banks mubasa siyana remapazi. Mabasa avo anosanganisira kwete chete sangano mari kuparadzirwa uye kugadzwa chikwereti ukama. Ivo mari yenyika upfumi, kushanda kuti kutengeswa kuchengetedzeka, ronga akavhiyiwa inishuwarenzi, nditongerei brokerage kwema, kutarisira pfuma, etc.

Pfungwa uye nemamiriro rwezvemabhengi hurongwa rinotanga tsanangudzo "Bank" mafungiro.

Bank - yakazvimirira zvebhizimisi. chikuru chigadzirwa Its ndiye paumbwe uye kurapa achishandisa muripo kana mari yakawanda, uyewo urongwa chakasimba chekuchengetedzwa muchimiro mabasa, zvikwereti, zano, inopikira uye zvichingodaro. Banks tengesa mari uye ongorora mumusika. Vari pedyo chaizvo mubhizimisi uye ayo zvinodiwa. Naizvozvo, mabhengi ndiwo chinokosha chingaita yokudzora upfumi.

Nhasi kubhangi Inonzi zvemari zvebhizimisi, pfungwa mari iripo muchimiro deposits, achivapa kushandiswa muchimiro zvikwereti, anoita se murevereri mu vachibhadhara pakati zveupfumi masangano uye vanhu, Dare nokurera mari uye kuti ape zvisipo mari.

The rwezvemabhengi Hurongwa, naizvozvo, kunosanganisira rakasiyana-siyana mabhanga National, uyewo zvose chikwereti masangano. Unosanganisira zvinhu zvakadai pamusoro Central Bank, pemahombekombe ane kwepaKrisimasi nezvimwe zvikwereti uye ugari nzvimbo. Ndiyo nemamiriro rwezvemabhengi hurongwa.

The Reserve Bank anoitisa achine policies uye zvokurimisa wokumwe Exchange murau kudzora upfumi, chokwadi, ndizvo chikuru chinoumba ari negadziriro yeparutivi gadziriro youpfumi. Commercial mabhanga vaite siyana rwezvemabhengi mabasa uye kushandiswa.

The chikuru kushanda rwezvemabhengi gadziriro ipfupi kune nhume ari kufamba zvikwereti uye mari kubva vatengesi kuti vatengi uye kubva Lenders kusvika anokwereta.

Basa rwezvemabhengi wemuTesitamende Russia mukuru, achibatsirwa yaidzorwa mari nemisha, Mediation inoitika zvose mari Rwako.

The nemamiriro rwezvemabhengi gadziriro ipfupi pakuparadzirwa rwezvemabhengi uye zvikwereti masangano ari hierarchical hurongwa. Kufanana nevamwe sectors dzose upfumi, asi rwezvemabhengi hurongwa anoda hierarchical maumbirwo yenhengo dzayo. It anomira kunze nechepakati kubatana uye grassroots dzichipfekeka zvomukati.

The nemamiriro Russian rwezvemabhengi gadziriro kunoratidzwa maviri pamwero AI.

At pamusoro pamwero vakuru vakuru ndiye Central Bank of Russian Federation. Its basa iri kuronga riparadzirwe mari uye zvisiri mari kubhadhara, utariri vemamwe vanochinjanwa reserves, chikwereti uye kugarwa mabasa ehurumende, zviremera mari, Implementation of Central Bank wokuti pakati zvekutepfenyura masangano. Zviumbu of Central Bank ndivo Central Office, nechepakati kupfungwa nemauto, ari romunharaunda Central Bank masangano.

Panguva grassroots pachiyero rwezvemabhengi vakuru vari wezvokutengeserana uye unyanzvi mabhanga. Mabasa avo anosanganisira yavose sezvavakatarirwa chikwereti-vatengi muchimiro zvakaoma, nyanzvi mamwe marudzi mabasa.

The nemamiriro rwezvemabhengi ezvinhu anewo nekupesana kubudikidza kwemapurisa nemauto. Kuti uvandudze kunyatsoshanda uye kubudirira pamutemo basa Central Bank kuti rwezvemabhengi gadziriro rakakamurwa sectors kuti zvinosanganisira yakafanana mabasa kuti masangano. Somuenzaniso, mutengi zvikwereti mabhanga, nyika mabhanga, anoreva nhema kwemauto uye nemamwe masangano. The chikuru chinangwa weboka iri kusimbisa pamutemo nzira, zvichienderana zvechadenga remapazi zvekutepfenyura chaiwo masangano.