Basa hondo iri yokufungidzira "Hondo uye Rugare". Mufananidzo hondo iri yokufungidzira LN NdiTolstoy kuti "Hondo uye Rugare"

Pfungwa yokufungidzira "Hondo uye Rugare" by NdiTolstoy yakabuda kare 1856. Gadzira mabasa kubvira 1863 kusvika 1869.

Confronting Napoleon muna 1812 - chiitiko chikuru munhoroondo kwezana remakore rechi19. Basa hondo iri yokufungidzira "Hondo uye Rugare" kwaikosha zvikuru. Ouzivi akafunga Lva Tolstogo akanga mudzidziso kunonyanya kukonzerwa mufananidzo kwayo. The Kuronga itsva War anopindura ine nzvimbo. NdiTolstoy Lev Nikolaevich rinobatanidza njodzi dzakawanda vanhu vake rakanga naye. Hondo yakatanga kwavo Biography mutsindo danho, yakakwirira pfungwa kukura pakunamata. Asi hazvisi chete mugumo ose nyaya mitsetse kushanda, asi nhoroondo nyaya, yakaratidza njodzi vanhu venyika yedu. Basa hondo iri yokufungidzira "Hondo uye Rugare" ichakurukurwa munyaya ino.

War - bvunzo, kunze kwete mitemo

Zvazova chinetso Russian vanhu. Lvom Nikolaevichem Patriotic War anoonekwa somunhu mupenyu ruzivo vnesoslovnogo kubatana kwevanhu. Zvino pamusoro kutambudzwa rudzi nhandare pamusoro paruzhinji kufarira. Kududzira chinhu National munyori Hondo 1812. Yakatanga nguva moto Smolensk guta uye pasi chero tsika dzekare hondo dzisina rakakodzera, sezvataurwa ne NdiTolstoy Lev Nikolaevich. Kupisa misha nemisha, asi shure pashure hondo dzakawanda, kupiswa Moscow, Borodin kurira, mubati nenhubu, remagandanga hondo, pereimka chokufambisa - yaiva pachena kubva mitemo. Kubva political mutambo dzairidzwa mu Europe vaiva Napoleon uye Alexander I, hondo pakati Russia uye France yava dzakakurumbira, mugumisiro izvo zvichaitika munyika kwaienderana. Pemasimba epamusoro vemauto panguva iyoyo akanga asingakwanisi kuongorora mamiriro zvikamu: unhu ayo uye zvirevo regai dzinoenderana chaiko hunowanika uye haana kuita.

Gangaidzo nehondo uye nhoroondo muenzaniso

The chikuru gangaidzo hondo, NdiTolstoy akaona kuti mauto Napoleon raMwari, kuhwina anenge hondo dzose, pakupedzisira vakarasikirwa mushandirapamwe yakadhirika pasina chinokosha basa neuto Russian. The zviri yokufungidzira "Hondo uye Rugare" rinoratidza kuti kukundwa of French - kuratidzwa mitemo zvenhoroondo. Kunyange zvazvo pakutanga kuaona zvinogona kudzidzisa pfungwa zvakaitika zviri musoro.

Basa Hondo Borodino

Zvikamu zhinji yokufungidzira "Hondo uye Rugare" rinotsanangura nemashoko akadzama muchiuto mashandiro. Saka NdiTolstoy ari kuedza recreate mufananidzo kare zvechokwadi. Chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha Zvikamu Hondo Yenyika II - Ichokwadi kuti Hondo Borodino. Hazvina musoro kana kuti wokuRussia kana kuti French maererano nzira. NdiTolstoy, nharo kuti yayo chinzvimbo, anonyora kuti kukurumidza mugumisiro chaizova uye zvakanga vanhu venyika yedu kuti Russia ngozi pedyo kuMoscow afa. The French akapotsa akaparadza hondo yake yose. NdiTolstoy anosimbisa kuti Napoleon uye Kutuzov, achitora uye achipa hondo Borodino, akauya musoro uye involuntarily, tichizviisa pasi kuruoko chete nhoroondo zvakafanira. Mhedzisiro muhondo iyi yaiva yokudeura kutiza kubva Moscow nechisimba, kudzoka Smolensk mugwagwa, rufu Napoleon kuti nechisimba France uye mazana mashanu kuzviuru, izvo panguva Borodino yakatanga zvavakatemerwa paruoko rwomuvengi, mweya akasimba. Kurwa zvakadaro, kunyange zvazvo zvisina musoro mumaonero zvechiuto, aiva kuratidzwa mitemo inexorable munhoroondo. Yakanga chisingadzivisiki.

achisiya Moscow

Kusiya vagari Moscow - nokuratidzwa uchiratidza kuzvipira kunyika dzedu vomunyika. chiitiko ichi, maererano NdiTolstoy ari kupfuura shure kubva Moscow, mauto eRussia. Izvi zvinoratidzwa pachena chiito ehurumende kuziva. Residents kwete kuda tungamirwe mukundi, vagadzirira chero chibayiro. In maguta ose Russia, uye kwete chete muMoscow, vanhu vakasiya misha yavo, akapisa guta, achiparadza ravo pfuma. Uto Napoleon yakanga atarisana Fani iyi chete munyika yedu. Vagari mamwe maguta akakundwa mune dzimwe nyika dzose chete vakagara pasi pesimba Napoleon, panguva imwe chete riri kunyange panosvikira vakundi.

Nei vagari vakasarudza kusiya Moscow?

Leo akasimbisa kuti Moscow Vagari guru vakasiya nomuzvarirwo. National kuzvikudza chakaita vanhu, pane Rostopchin uye ake nyika "Chips." Pakutanga vakasiya guta vakadzidza, vanhu vakapfuma, uyo ainyatsoziva kuti Berlin uye Vienna rakaramba, uye kuti vagari panguva basa kweguta Napoleon vakapedza kunonakidza nguva vaine French, uyo akada vanhu Russian uye Chokwadi, vakadzi. Havana kugona kuita zvimwe, sezvo pakanga pasina mubvunzo vatinonamata vagari pamusoro zvakaipa kana zvakanaka kuda muMoscow pasi kudzorwa French. Zvakanga zvisingaiti kuti musimba Napoleon. Kungoti akanga isingagamuchiriki.

Zvakakurukurwa emagandanga sangano

Chinokosha hondo Napoleon raiva guru-pamwero remagandanga kufamba. Lev wake NdiTolstoy anodana "tsvimbo yavanhu hondo." Muvengi rudzi vakarova mukusaziva, sezvinoita munhu akaoma musoro imbwa kuruma rufu zabegluyu imbwa (kuenzanisa Leo NdiTolstoy). Vanhu akaparadza hondo piecemeal huru. NdiTolstoy akanyora nezvokuvapo "mapati" (remagandanga mapoka) akasiyana ane bedzi chinangwa - kudzingwa Russian munyika French.

Pasina kufunga nezve "upenyu bhizimisi", vatori intuitively War vanhu vakaita saizvozvo kare faniro chakaita. Chinangwa chechokwadi vakadzinganiswa mapoka emagandanga, haana kuparadza mauto muvengi zvachose kana kubata Napoleon. Sekamwana figment Vanyori vanodzidza tsamba vehondo uye machinda, pamusoro nemishumo, communiqués zviitiko nguva, maererano NdiTolstoy, paiva hondo. Chinangwa "kurerutsa" raiva basa ose Patriot zvakajeka - pachena kubva nechisimba munyika yavo.

The reshiyo Lva Nikolaevicha Tolstogo hondo

NdiTolstoy, mururamisire vanhu hondo yorusununguko muna 1812, akaripisa hondo sezvo vakadaro. Iye inofungidzira nayo sezvo zvichipesana rose hunhu wemunhu, chikonzero chake. hondo chero chinhu mhosva vanhu vose. Pausiku Hondo Borodino Andrey Bolkonsky aida kufira nyika yavo, asi panguva imwe chete akashora hondo, muchitenda kuti "chinonyanya chinhu chinonyangadza." pakuuraya uku benzi. Basa hondo iri yokufungidzira "Hondo uye Rugare" kuzviratidza.

Kutyisa hondo

Nemufananidzo NdiTolstoy 1812 - nomuedzo yenhau, izvo vanhu Russian muchizvikudza akamira. Zvisinei, izvi panguva kutambura uye kusuruvara, chete zvinotyisa kuparadzwa kwevanhu. Moral uye kutambura runowanikwa zvose - uye "Guilty" uye "zvakanaka", uye rehurumende kwevanhu uye masoja. Pakazopera hondo haisi netsaona kutsiva nokunyombwa uye kutsiviwa ari kugeza Russian tsitsi nokuzvidzwa nokuda akakunda muvengi. Nokutapwa vacho yairatidza zvoutsinye hunhu zviitiko iyoyo. Peter akafa, uye Prince Andrew. Pakupedzisira akaputsa rufu yomuduku mwanakomana Countess Rostova uye wakakurumidza kuparadzwa pakati Count Ilya Andreyevich.

Ndiro basa hondo iri yokufungidzira "Hondo uye Rugare". NdiTolstoy somunhu humanist huru Chokwadi, aisagona kungogumira nyika kudzikama nomufananidzo wake. Anoshora hondo, riri zvechisikigo, kana aiziva mamwe mabasa ake. The chikuru zviri yokufungidzira "Hondo uye Rugare" ndiwo maitiro basa munyori uyu.