Beta nemwaranzi

The nuclei mamwe maatomu vanoonekwa ne kusagadzikana, iyo kunoratidzwa kwavo anokwanisa transformations (vaingoerekana kuora), achiperekedzwa ne akabuda nemwaranzi (ionizing nemwaranzi). Vakawanda mhando kuora renyukireya ndiro Beta nemwaranzi.

Radiation akadana microparticles uye siyana mumuviri minda, izvo anokwanisa ionize zvinhu. It iripo kusvikira echokwadi ndiwo anoratidza udzamu Absorção de Água chero fuma. Sources of mwaranzi (hwokugadzira yenyukireya zvivako kana chete radioactive zvinhu) vanokwanisa, kusiyana zvikuru nemwaranzi zviripo kwenguva refu kwazvo nguva. Natural nemwaranzi kuripo muupenyu hwedu nguva dzose. Ionizing nemwaranzi iripo kunyange asati aberekwa hwenyika yokutanga zvipenyu.

Beta nemwaranzi - icho chinoramba Rwizi positrons uye maerekitironi, izvo chaibwinya mune Beta kuora kuti radioactive mabhomba. mumwe kuora mamirire kwakadaro kwete kwemaatomu zvose, asi chete kuti zvimwe zvinhu. The maerekitironi (kana positrons) vari yakaumbwa muna cores ari kutendeuka neutrons kuti protons kana vakutarisire. The zvichiguma nezvimedu kugadzikana, vane mhosva uye zororo guru, rinonzi neutrinos uye antineutrinos.

Kana zvemagetsi kuora kuumbwa chinoumba, sezvamakaropafadzwa nhamba protons ichiwedzerwa nomumwe, vachienzaniswa mari asati kuora. In positron nekuwora kupomera kwenyukireya muzana chikwata kunoderedza. Muzviitiko zvacho zvose, vanobudisa nhamba haachinji.

Chaibwinya maerekitironi (kana positrons) nhaka simba zvakasiyana siyana kubvira razero kusvika kunonyanyisa panogumira simba Em (akaenzana wandei BSN).

Beta nemwaranzi ane chinoramba simba chakarondedzera. The simba kwevari musimboti pamwe discrete. Izvi zvinoreva kuti pane mumwe kuora hwakazotevera vachasunungurwa simba idzva. chamazuva hwemabasa anobuda spectra nokuti kuti kuora ane mabhomba zvakawandisa simba inogona vakagovera pakati chaibwinya nezvimedu zvakasiyana. Naizvozvo, kuti chakarondedzera neutrinos vari chaibwinya munguva kuora, zviri hwokuratidza chamazuva.

Akayera Beta nemwaranzi spectrometers Beta, Beta chaiye counter uye ionization makamuri

Radioactive isotopes kuti kushata kana pamwe ne akabuda ichi mhando, rinonzi Beta-emitters. Izvi zvinosanganisira isotopes rwesarufa (S35), phosphorus (32P), karusiyamu (Ca45) uye vamwe. Kana kuora haisi achiperekedzwa wegamma irradiation, kunonzi yakaisvonaka Beta nemwaranzi.

emitters zhinji (32P, 14C, Ca45, S35, etc.) Uye rakashandiswa chirwere radioisotope uye yaishandiswa experimental zvinangwa.

Achipfuura nefuma, Beta mwaranzi (Beta nemwaranzi) interacts pamwe nuclei kwemaatomu ayo uye maerekitironi, kupedza pamusoro payo simba ravo zvose uye akapotsa zvachose kumisa sangano racho. Nzira inopfuura nomunyika Beta-PARTICIPLE fuma, rinonzi mileage. It runoratidzwa magiramu por mativi sendimita (runotaurwa sezvo g / cm2).

Beta nemwaranzi anokwanisa kupinda munzvimbo mupenyu muviri rinenge kuti kudzika 2 masendimita. Kudzivirira nemwaranzi kwakadaro kunogona dzokuongorora Plexiglas zvakakodzera ukobvu.

Beta-mwaranzi vanomiririra mumwe mhando ionizing mwaranzi. Kana achipfuura mwaranzi vanorasikirwa simba nefuma anokonzera ionization. Absorção de Água simba nokuda svikiro kunogona kukonzera zvinoverengeka yechipiri pezvakaitwa vari zvinhu izvo ndavhiyiwa irradiation. Somuenzaniso, izvi kunogona kuitika munyika luminescence, nemwaranzi-nemakemikari, kuchinja sekristaro maumbirwo zvinhu uye zvichingodaro. D. Just sedzimwe mhando nemwaranzi, Beta mwaranzi vane radiobiological migumisiro.

Kushandiswa Beta mwaranzi mu mushonga hwakavakirwa kupinda yaro ehupfumi yacho jira. Mwaranzi vaishandisa zvachero, interstitial uye intracavitary nemwaranzi mishonga.