Borovsky wemamongi. Baba Blasius - Borovsky wemamongi. Mukurusa wemamongi Borowski

Nhoroondo wemamongi Pafnuteva Borovskogo, uyewo njodzi yacho muvambi kuratidza zvinoshamisa zviitiko. Ivo vanotaurwa yenhau panyika Russian. kubwinya Monument rakaisvonaka uye neKijuni pakunamata anonzi neimba Kuberekwa Musikana Most Kwakachena uye mukuru Chudotvortsa Pafnutiya.

The kutanga kwekupwanyiwa pakukura wemamongi wacho muvambi pakunamata

Borovsky yemamongi anonzi kuremekedza St. Paphnutius, uyo akaberekwa mumusha Kudinovo (anenge 4 chete kubva kuguta Borovsk) mumhuri anokudzwa pauMwari. Panguva iyoyo yokubhabhatidzwa, chishamiso mushandi ainzi Parthenius. Aiva sekuru uyo, maererano netsika dzekare, aiva Tatar Baskakov, akagamuchira kutenda kwechokwadi. Apo Parfeny makore makumi maviri, akatangawo High-Pokrovka Borovsky wemamongi, apo akatora yemamongi mhiko uye zita zita idzva - Pafnutii. The abbot, kunzwa jaya nechido, basa iye chipangamazano - mutana, Nikita, uyo makore gumi nemapfumbamwe akanga maneja Serpukhov Vysotsky wemamongi vakaenda mboni St. Segiyo pakati Radonezh.

Life of St.

Pashure pamakore makumi maviri pakukwirira upenyu hwomudzimu Pafnutii amuka mumudzimu kusvika padanho "kudzidzisa murume wake." Metropolitan Photius, uyo aitarisira zvose dzemamongi yeOrthodox kuRussia, paakavapa iye kukudzwa kuve abbot ose wemamongi. Muna 1444 iri mumongi akasiya wemamongi Pokrovsky panguva murayiro waMwari. Akararama asiri kure kure, panzvimbo yerenje, apo rwizi mainozonodira Isterma Protva, vatatu matanhatu kubva Borovsk. Nokukurumidza pane yokugara hwakagadzwa zvakare. Gare gare pazviri zita Church of Wokuzvarwa Musikana yakavakwa panguva behest pakati Metropolitan Jona.

Paphnutius nokuzvidira renunciation upenyu hwenyika aiva noutsinye, asi zvinonzi takanyatsoomerera ose ezvitendero tsika, mitemo, mirayiro. Sezvo mutarisiri canons, haana kuziva Metropolitan Jona, sezvo iye akasarudzwa, asi haana mvumo neDare Patriarch weConstantinople, uyo amire pamusoro zvose dzemamongi kuRussia.

Holy anoita Paphnutii

Musi nheyo wemamongi Borowski, munyaya 1444. Paphnutius akamutumidza imba tsvinda Amai vaMwari. On rakasarudzwa munda dzvene kuitwa mabasa ayo kuti anopfuura makumi matatu. Akatsaura wemamongi neminyengetero yavo uye basa, ndaitora uye vakauya hama dzose kuteerera uye kutya Mwari.

Agamuchira ziviso kubva Ishe Pafnuti pamusoro wake kungangoitika rufu, akapedza nguva yasara iri ndine nokunyengetera nokutsanya, achirayiridza vadzidzi. Zvak akaisa tariro yake mweya uye akamuita kuti yemamongi naMwari uye Amai Most Kwakachena naye. Akararama, zvinofadza Ishe upenyu hwokuzvinyima, makore 82 okuberekwa. Panguva ino, Paphnutius hama vakaungana kubva makumi mapfumbamwe navashanu.

Kunamata mutsvene muupenyu hwake

Chokuita pevamwe Paphnutius aiva noutsinye. Kubva boyars uye machinda, akaramba kugamuchira zvipo uye tsamba. Pasinei nokuti dzemamongi Orthodox akavhurwa Russia akanga atova yakawanda kwazvo, ndizvo yokugara Paphnutii akanakidzwa mukurumbira zvikuru. It kunyanya pashure pokuverenga mamwe machinda makuru anenge pakukwana pachinzvimbo chevatatu mhuri Reverend mutsvene. Ivan Grozny pachake anofungidzirwa akaberekerwa anoonga minyengetero vakuru Paphnutius. Mambo rakava zita rake kuti nhamba yavatsvene makuru vairinda vose varume Moscow dzemamongi (ivo zvinosanganisirawo Cyril Belozersky uye Sergiy Radonezhsky).

Kwemakore 18, Paphnutius akadzidziswa reIonia dzidzo Iosif Volotsky. Zvadaro, akava chechi huru nhamba. Joseph akatungamirira Bohr wemamongi mushure kuzorora kubva Paphnutius muna 1477.

Novices uye vatsigiri musande kwazvo

By tonsures Paphnutii zvinosanganisira:

1. Joseph Vassian Sanin, uyo aiva munyori rondedzero oupenyu St ..

2. The Zvak David, uyo akavamba Ascension rerenje.

3. GODFATHER Ivana Groznogo.

4. Reverend Daniel, muvambi Trinity wemamonk munharaunda Pereslavl-Zaleski.

Pafnutii vafadzwe mubatanidzwa pasi nesimba Moscow fiefdoms, saka yakaramba musoro feudal umambo. Muna 1467 Bohr wemamongi kukasawedzerwa uye ibwe Cathedral of Wokuzvarwa Musikana zita. Mukati akamukoka yakakurumbira apo iconographer Mitrofanii. A anofunga guru uye Artist aiva simba guru paumbwe yemamongi basa raanoziva tsika chaiyo. Pakati pevaya vari zvakazadza wayo yakadzika, aiva St. Macarius. Ndiyewo mukuru tonsures Paphnutius. Gare gare Makarios akatungamirira yeRussian Orthodox Church (1542 ne 1563).

Paphnutius kunamata pashure porufu

Ake mweya mukuru Borovsky wemamongi mumaoko aMwari rokutanga May (Rekare karenda) muna 1477, manheru, neawa risati ravira.

Mwari wakasika kuburikidza musande rake zvishamiso zvizhinji, kusiya zvizvarwa zvomunguva yemberi muenzaniso upenyu inomufadza. About Pafnutiev ndangariro dzvene vakachengetedzwa kusvikira nhasi. KwaMwari ake akagarapo kakawanda akaramba kubva pakuparadzwa. Panguva ino, Jehovha ndiyewo munamato tsvene uye predstatel vose vanhu vanoda uye kutenda vanouya kwaari.

Kutanga nhoroondo huru wemamongi

Muzana nemitanhatu remakore Pafnutiev (Borovsky) Monastery akava mumwe vakapfuma uye kupfuura ukurumbire Russia. Izvi ndizvo apo muna 1513, zhizha richigere kusvika mberi yakananga Smolensk, vakadzivira chikuru mauto ehondo amambo kuti akatungamirira Basil rechitatu. Dzemamongi of Kaluga nharaunda panguva havana zvakakwana kudzivirirwa kubva nechisimba yokurwisa vavengi. Asi kuti zvakachinja nokukurumidza zvakakwana. Nokuti yechipiri yezana navatanhatu remakore Borovsky wemamongi airarama nevanhu pamasvingo ibwe uye vakagadzirira pamwe neshongwe. Achiitei ari panzvimbo iri kumaodzanyemba-vokumadokero kumucheto Moscow. Walls neshongwe akatambura zvikuru munguva Great Troubles, asi vakanga yakavakwazve nemanomwe remakore, chizvarwa Kashin Shaturinym Trofimov, uyo aibva mhuri navavaki uye inyanzvi nemano ake vechokwadi.

yemamongi Architecture

Wemamongi yakavakwa muna 1511 imba zita Christmas. It Akavaka yakaisvonaka refectory. Pakupera kwezana remakore iroro, kuti Church rakavakwazve. Akava mumwe zvemberi panguva iyoyo. Domed ane mbiru ina, Borowski chechechi akanga mapurani kwakadaro umo unhu kurondwa zvakajeka Church, varimowo muboka revaya Kremlin. Muna 1651 iye kupendwa Pamifananidzo, uye muna 1651 akavaka kumusoro mukana zita Mutsvene Great Martyr Irene. The Zvinoumba mavakirwo Cathedral negore regumi namapfumbamwe remakore akaputsa reworking pamusoro domes uye pakusika yeberere.

kurasikirwa kukuru

Kana kuna Borovsk muna July 1610 akauya Venhema Dmitry II, dzakakurumbira akadana Tushino, mauto ake asina simba zvakakwana uye mikana kutora nhare-wemamongi. Izvi zvakaitika chete apo vatongi pachavo vatengesi akazarurwa masuo. In wemamongi paiva hondo dzisakarurama. Force zviuru zvakawanda mauto akanga kwakaderedza ose veko, uyo akatora utiziro wemamongi, uye nehama. Prince Volkonskiy Mihail, uyo akatungamirira kudzivirira muhondo vakaurayiwa Church. Nikon akafawo archimandrite (abbot pakati wemamongi), uye Josefa, uyo aiva mudziviriri Utatu-rwacho Segiyo wemamonk. Akarwisa masoja vakaba zvose upfumi. Panguva iyoyowo charters uye magwaro wemamongi Akapisa nomoto. Ndicho chiratidzo yokukudza kuyeuka heroism pakati Prince Volkonsky uye kudzivirira izvi Borovsk akamuka yayo jasi kwezvombo. Unoratidza chiratidzo kutendeka - moyo ine muchinjikwa nenzwi rimwe welaurel chishongo.

Ichatonga zvine mbiri pashure vakasuwa nguva

Pashure pokuparadzwa Pafnutiev wemamongi harina chete yakadzorerwa, asiwo akaona nguva kubudirira. Zvino nemanomwe remakore. Nepo mapurani Ensemble pakati wemamongi rakaumbwa, izvo haana kuchinja kusvikira ikozvino. Vashanyi Its muzana remakore rechi19, akacherechedza kuti akanga akashambidzika chaizvo uye ndigadzirise, aiona inokosha chaizvo kudzikama, rugare norunyararo. Muna 17-19 emakore Pafnutiev (Borowski) chechechi akakurumbira isingawanzowanikwi tuore uye mifananidzo, uye akapfuma raibhurari sacristy. By wemamongi muna 1744, varimi 11.000 vakatumirwa. Kusvikira zvino hatina kusvika mazita vakakurumbira vatsigiri panguva. Zvisinei, maererano worudzii mweya kumonasitiri sezvazvakanyorwa kugadziridzwa upenyu hwakadzikama, unogona kuona sei zvishoma nezvishoma uye chinyararire nemabasa kwokuteerera uye yemamongi mabasa ikatanga hwavo.

vasungwa

Mumakore 1666-1667 mujeri Borovsky wemamongi raiva vemakoko Avvakum. Akabva wakatumwa kujeri Pustozerya. Also muhubatwa wemamongi mujeri, maererano nemirayiro mambo, aiva Boyarynya Morozova, akaramba schism. Mukuwedzera, mujeri akaramba murume hanzvadzi uye murume Urusov musketeers Colonel Daniel. Izvi vanobatwa manyepo vaipikisa mu mumatsutso 1675, uye akafira ikoko nenzara.

kuchinja

Wemamongi kunyange pashure zvose kuparadzwa raibudirira. Hazvaikwanisa kudzivirira, uye-nguva nhatu vachirwisa wehondo Napoleon muna 1812. Kungofanana muna 1610, akabva vakapamba wemamongi mukono (photos Paphnutii wemamongi unogona kuona munyaya) uye akapisa raibhurari. Asi mukurusa kuparadza kwacho kwaiva mberi. Muna 1932 wemamongi yakavharwa. In miziyamu rake dzichengeterwe ndima. Gare gare, wemamongi kukava kumusasa wechibharo. Zvadaro akaronga chikoro Mechanisation, zvaakadzidziswa kurima. Wemamongi necropolis yacho yakaparadzwa uye panzvimbo yayo yakavakwa pakuvaka kudzidzisa pachikoro muna 1935.

The kumutsidzirwa wemamongi havana kugona kudzivirira. Uye vakabatsira ichi Paphnutius tsvene. Pausiku 13 musi waMay 14, 1954, zuva vachiyeuka mumongi yakadhirika nechepakati rising Cathedral of Wokuzvarwa. Vamire midziyo yetemberi muridzi nokuda kukoreji, ndakanga yakapwanyika. Restoration basa rakatanga muna 1960.

zvokunamata kutangwa

Agricultural College vakabva kunharaunda wemamongi Borowski muna 1991. Muzhizha iroro, zvemamongi vakatanga kuuya kwaari. Wokufananidzira kugadzwa gavhuna rokutanga wemamongi Abbot Nikon (Khudyakov munyika). Aiva mwanakomana Archimandrite Ambrose zvokunamata. Izvi zvaizoitawo, ndiye wokupedzisira wakasiya mamongi ose wemamongi, iyo iripo vasati ayo kuvhara. Saka chamazuva mumudzimu akachengetedzwa. Church of St. Eriya, izvo dzimba zvisaririra St. Paphnutius, vagadzwe 1991, regumi namatatu April. It vakauya Metropolitan Kaluzhskiy Kliment uye Borovsk of muPskov-Caves wemamonk, apo iye akaramba kusvikira zvino.

Muzhizha ra1994 muna Church pakupedzisira kwatanga kwenguva akamirirwa kunamata yomutambo uye dzakatarwa. It akavaka iconostasis randinogara tiers matatu, uye akavaka chapero rokukudza Paphnutius. Zvitare vakanga vachisimudza munzvimbo muna 1996.

Holy wemamonk remagineti

Muna 1994 iye akayambuka maviri okupemberera - makore mazana mashanu namakumi mashanu kubva pakuvambwa wemamongi, uye mazana matanhatu yokuberekwa St. Paphnutius. Pachiitiko ichi, Borovsky wemamongi akashanyira seizvi Alexy II - Patriarch of Moscow uye All Russia. Akaita nomudungwe uye yakatarwa yokunamata.

Nzvimbo wemamongi yekare, iro rakaumbwa nepakati namashanu remakore Pafnutiem Borovskim, uye kusvikira zuva rino nzvimbo uye akanyarara. Kubva chokuvapo wemamongi, kwava sezvinoita magineti, vafambi vanobva kwose pamusoro kuRussia uye kunze (pedo nokure), uyo akashanyira wemamongi kweupenyu mitoro muupenyu. Vanouya kuna wemamongi masvingo kuzorora kubva matambudziko ezuva nezuva, kurasa kubva pamafudzi avo mutoro zvokutyira zvezuva nezuva, vanonakidzwa rwomukati runyararo namolennye nzvimbo emakore.

Kunamata uye outorwa

The yakakurumbira Kaluga nharaunda? Borovsky wemamonk, iyo iri munharaunda yayo, nzvimbo outorwa nekuda vagari akapoteredza vomunharaunda, uye mamwe maguta uye nyika. Kunyange muMoscow ikoko kunamata zvisaririra Paphnutius uye kudzivirira basa, izvo kutongwa baba Blasius. Bohr wemamongi rinobudisa ayo purogiramu kunamata zuva nezuva avo pepanhau "Herald", uye kunyange Internet ari mukuru panzvimbo. Kana wemamongi anoita vana Sunday school. Unogonawo kuteerera hurukuro nevakura pa wemamongi, kuti vaite Joint maonero pamusoro vafundisi mafirimu uye kurukura navo. Muna 2011, wemamongi hwakagadzwa Orthodox kukupfura Borowski unopinza, izvo zvinoita kuti kubatana vechiduku, kunobva nevatambi yokushumira paruzhinji uye vamwe.

Rubatsiro chipo vana uye kuyaruka

Munguva muchirimo wemamongi kutora boka vana, vashori uye vechiduku vemifananidzo, vakadzidziswa panguva Art School of Kaluga. Ivo vanoita inoshanda muchiitwa munharaunda. Mumakore mashoma apfuura kumonasitiri akaronga Mumusasa chevana tende Field Orthodox nyika inonzi "Stratilat". Gore negore zviri Kuzorora vanhu vanopfuura makumi mana. katatu kare wakaitwa musangano "Pafnutevgrad", apo vanhu vaduku Orthodox vakatora chikamu mumusasa mujinga kubva 2011.

Activities uye mhemberero tsvene

In Pafnutevskom wemamongi akashingaira basa rokudhinda. It rinobudisa mumagazini "Ship" vana, pepanhau vabereki nevadzidzisi, "Borovsky mudzidzisi" pavhiki "Herald" uye mabhuku zvomudzimu nenhungamiro. Mugore rose, vafambi anogona kuita tichiona wemamongi, apo iye anoshanda uye mifananidzo bhuku zvitoro, raibhurari. Uyezve, Bohr wemamongi ndicho chikamu chikuru murongi kuverengwa emunharaunda yedzidzo. Ichi chiitiko pagore ungano nechinangwa pave tsika uye pakati yevagari. Panguva guru mhemberero akadai Memorial Day Paphnutius uye Kuberekwa of Amai vaMwari, kumonasitiri vari kufukidzwa mabwendefa yokudyira nokuda vakundi zvose.

Kaluga nharaunda, wemamongi. baba Blasius

Schema-archimandrite Blasius (Peregontsev munyika) akaberekwa musi February 8, 1934. Family bogosluzhitelya aiva mutendi. ambuya vake - schema-sisita. Akanga auya kubva vaduku Blasius pauMwari uye nokutenda. Yaifanira kuvanda panguva yaitonga Soviet Union. Pashure chikoro Peregontsev chikoro zvokurapa muna Smolensk. Mupristi ramangwana akapinda chinyararire kuti kunyengetera Church.

Mashoko akaudzwa kuti Rector of Institute, akabva atanga baiting mudzidzi akatendeka. Izvi zvakanga zvisingagamuchiriki kuna Peregontseva, uye somugumisiro akasarudza kusiya chikoro uye kuenda Tambov nharaunda. Ikoko vakasangana baba vake Hilarion (vehove), uyo kubva akagamuchira mukana kuenda Carpathian nharaunda. Patakasvika kuti wemamongi Agia Lavra uye Flora aimbova mudzidzi akachinja zita rake. Chikonzero Chisarudzo ichi chaiva chiziviso chacho ari munyika kutsvaka. Makore mashomanana pashure tonsured baba ichi Blasius mu jasi chete zita St. Sebaste.

Pakutanga nzira yomudzimu Peregontseva

Kubva 1991 kusvika nguva ino musoro mukuru Blasius Borovsky wemamongi. Asi asvika pachinzvimbo chevatatu skhiarhimandrita? Kuva munhu akasimba pakunamata, chiremba mwoyo yakanga mukuteerera hama pasi baba vake Hilarion. Pataitambudzwa yeChechi, apo Khrushchev aiva nesimba, wemamongi yakavharwa. Blaise akamanikidzwa kudzokera Smolensk uye achapora magwaro. The vamiririri chepamutemo zviremera akamubvunza kuti asiye yemamongi upenyu uye mberi nezvidzidzo zvavo panguva akatanga, asi iye akaramba. Blasius akanga paakavapa vateereri pamwe Bhishopi Mukuru Gidheoni, uyo akamuendesa katedraali ake. Schema-archimandrite ushumiri ramangwana akatanga kuchenesa paaritari. Gare gare akava pisarema-muverengi, ipapo regent, mudhikoni, zvino mupristi cellmate. Gidheoni muna 1972 hwakatamisirwa diocese reNovosibirsk, pamwe chete naye vakaenda kuSiberia uye Blasius baba. Gare gare, akanga akagadzwa kuti kushumira Tobolsk St. Basil kuti Cathedral.

Last yemamongi mukuru

Apo, muna 1991, Metropolitan Kliment pakati Kaluga uye Borovsk akaropafadza Blaise Pafnutyevo pamusoro kudzivirira wemamongi zvakava vanhu vakawanda kupinda. Vose vaida kubatsirwa pakunamata. Muna 1998 akasiya baba vake Vlasiy Borovskoy wemamongi akaenda kuGomo Athos. Ikoko, pakati mamongi akararama kwemakore mashanu. Akabva adzokera Pafnutiev yemamongi, apo zvazvinosarira nhasi. Uchisangana baba achitarisa kubva munyika yose Vlasov zviuru vanamati. Vamwe vanouya mukweguru kubvisa nehosha, vamwe - kuwana mazano anoshanda kuti chisarudzo chinokosha munhau yenyika. Vakawanda vanowana tsigiro yomudzimu kumeso. Nokuti mumwe nomumwe the parishioner Vlas ndiyo mhinduro dzinonyatsozikanwa nyore.

zvidzidzo ano

Pedyo masvingo wemamongi, mune womupaini park, riri pamusoro pechikomo papurazi. Iri purazi wakakwana, izvo dzokugara kuti mudonzvo, senohranilische, farmyard pamwe mhou, namabhiza, nguruve, yehuku dzimba, minda uye mudhamu mupenyu.

Pasi pasi refectory pakati wemamongi riri prosfornya, uyewo bhekari. Mazviri zvinodiwa mamongi nevapfuuri akaita chingwa, makeke, muffinit, pizza. Unorema basa rinoitwa manually. Technology mukanyiwa uyewo akadzorerwa ichivira pasina kuwedzera mbiriso, yaishandiswa mumazuva akare.