Cannon "Rapier": zvekushandisa nokurondedzerwa, kugadziriswa, uye mifananidzo

Kamwe akazviratidza muhondo, mota rava rakaomera refu infantryman. The rokutanga michina izvi zvaiva rakapotsa invulnerable, uye akatambura navo chete nokuchera Anti-tangi inoerera uye zvipingamupinyi inotevera yakawanda.

Zvino Anti-tangi pfuti, nesimba iro nemitemo yanhasi pusa. Kunyange Matangi zvakare wakati wakawedzera dzokurwa, asingachagoni kutya dzakawanda zvombo izvi. Uye pano Chiitiko paiva Anti-tangi pfuti. Vakanga vasina kukwana uye yainetsa asi kwematangi ndangotanga kuvaremekedza.

Ndinofanira Anti-tangi pfuti nhasi?

Vanhuwo vaidavira kuti pamusoro ano muhondo iyi maoko "zvekare" hatina nzvimbo achiti: Nadzo iyezvino Matangi havawanzoenda Unokanganisa kunyange tinofanira kugara zvombo, chii chatingatarisira kubva kwakati kwepfuti! Asi maonero ichi hachisi chokwadi zvachose. Pane mimwe mienzaniso, izvo kununura yakawanda nematambudziko kunyange kwazvo "mazhinji" michina. Somuenzaniso, Anti-tangi pfuti "Rapier" mamwe Soviet kugadzirwa.

The chombo Zvinofadza ndizvo kuti kutaura voga. Chii isu kutendeukira ikozvino.

Background pamusoro

Around pakati 50s remakore rapfuura zvakava pachena kuti huru antitank zvombo kukurumidza kuwedzera kurwa simba. Chikonzero chaiva chakaita vokuAmerica vane yavo zvaMambo inorema matangi. Panguva iyoyo ndakanga musi CA maoko pfuti D-10T uye BS-3 (zvose - 100 mm). Nzira zvakarurama vakafunga kuti mashandiro avo ave kukwana.

Nyore nzira yokukudza ... asi ichi nzira kwakatungamirira pakasikwa hombe, inorema uye anononoka-zvinofamba pfuti. Zvino, mainjiniya Soviet akasarudza kudzokera smoothbore atirari, iyo haina kushandiswa pano kubva 1860 muRussia! Chii chakaita kuti kutora chisarudzo chakadaro?

Uye chinhu chiri kumhanya, izvo zvinofanira kuparadzirwa dzokurwa rinobaya goko ari dhiramu. kukanganisa Chero ari zvaAtemisi yokupedzisira zvinoisa kwete chete kuti zvikuru ichidonhedzera zvakarurama, asi kunowedzerawo ngozi kuparadzwa zvombo zvose. With kumeso dhiramu zvinhu Zvakasiyana. chikuru mukana Its ndiye yunifomu zvaipfekwa.

kusarudza yakaoma

Asi chii chinonzi chinotsiva rifling kuwana? Pashure pezvose, panguva yavo mari projectile anoramba achitaura pakusimba, vachibvumira kuitisa moto kunobudirira pamusoro madaro marefu! Uye chisarudzo kuwana kamwe zvakare mu zvakachengetedzwa pakati Gunners. Zvakazozivikanwa kuti ungashandisa minhenga projectiles kuti smoothbore pfuti. Current (panguva iyoyo) zvigadzirwa kubvumira kuti kwete feeler chete (coinciding pamwe yomukati dhayamita ari pfuti), asi pachena. Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, kuti goko wakazarura mashizha pashure tichisiya kunze dhiramu (sezvo RPG-7).

The kuedza kutanga uye vokutanga mharidzo

The kuedza kutanga vakaratidza kuti vamwe mudungwe vaizotibata muvengi Matangi vanoda kanenge ane 105-mm pfuti. Panguva kuchiteshi nguva njere akagamuchira mushumo kuti British zvakagadzirwa zvakafanana caliber pfuti pamwe kusvikira zvisati unongotaura. Mugadziri mukuru chirongwa -. V. Ya Afanaseva - wakanyengwa "kubata kwokubata" vakwikwidzi mu pfupi zvichibvira nguva. The matarenda mugadziri haana chete akarasikirwa yakagoverwa nguva, asiwo akapa mukana hwokugadza chombo itsva mudzimba matangi. Kuti izvi zvidaro, zvinonzi akabayirwa zvishoma ballistics, vachigurisira kuti goko chaizvoizvo 1000 mm.

Saka akaberekwa ari "angazvidzvisa" - Anti-tangi pfuti, pikicha rave iro munyaya ino.

Waishandiswa kwayo pakusikwa?

Kuti paitwe basa, takatora ngoro kubva D-48 cannons, zvishoma kunatsiridza mamiriro ayo. Asi munda miedzo pakarepo akaratidza kuti iyewo hlipok kuti zviridzwa zvitsva. Ndaifanira Redo ichi chikamu kubva muvare. New miedzo pfuti pamwe nokukudzwa uye akaiswa basa. Unonzi semudziyo geji 105 mm "T-12". "Rapier" mharidzo ano zvikurukuru hwakasiyana pairi.

Hunde ari pfuti itsva yakaitwa chimwe-chidimbu muenzaniso. Length - 6510 mm. The vagadziri vakasarudza kushandisa tichishingaira-reactive mhando tomu akamedura. The breech iri vakapakata gedhi achikanganisa ane tote. Vachiridzira akanga akatakurwa kunze zvakananga kubva mavhiri, imwe Kuda kutamba (by ichivharira kuturika) haisi kuzvireva.

Kuti akubatsire kwokufungidzira kuti anokwanisa pfuti "Rapier", hunhu izvo tichati kupendwa, kupa Kutarira patafura.

Ona kuti izvi - kwete ano pfuti "Rapier". Mupepa achangobuda shanduro yaro zvikuru chakakomba.

Zvinoitwa zvombo

Nokuti Anti-tangi pfuti zvombo - nyaya yokutanga. Kunyange phenomenally kumberi uye chombo yakavimbika ichichinja kuita "nhanga", kana uchinwa yechinyakare, substandard anoshongwa nokuti. Uye pfuti "Rapier", izvo zvinoratidza chokupika unhu hwedu yakakwirira - yakanakisisa uchapupu.

Zvombo kuti zvombo zvitsva ndaunza dambudziko, nokuti vaifanira kuva patsva. The chikuru mhando - kuboora uye tinofanira kugara. Kuparadza vashandi muvengi uchishandisa mureza mukuru-putika mhando vapfurwa. Kudzidza kukarukureta rinoitwa kushandisa kudzidza projectiles kuboora. A yakawanda matambudziko kurwira plumage neyokupedzisira, sezvo ruzivo pakasikwa chinhu chakadaro nyore haripo, uye zvirokwazvo smoothbore 100mm pfuti asati zvakanaka Inoziva ne mumhuri indasitiri.

The kuoma ndezvokuti projectile pamwe unopened mashizha yakazorora zvakasimba zvakakwana pamusoro hunde chiteshi pasina wezvamatongerwe backlash. pano uye vakagamuchirwa se inobviswa hwakawanda pfungwa, asi hapana kugutsa zvose zvinodiwa kugadziriswa. Oddly zvakakwana, asi basa raiva chisarudzo yaipiswa pakutanga uye vakaramba "nemhaka chinyakare." Izvi kamwe zvakare akatsinhira kuti chinonyanya nyore - kazhinji chakavimbika kupfuura.

The itsva mhinduro

Chinoumba muchiitiko ichi akakumbirwa kuti Stainless maraging simbi. Zano-mugoveri goko - kubva kupfuura kwakajairika ndokutsika simbi jira, kushandiswa kugadzira zvimwe zvikamu muswe stabilizer. Feathering "miseve" kubva chinokosha kukandira aruminiyamu chiwanikwa, uye pava paya kuti aruminiyamu anodizing inoda mberi. Tracer akamanikidzwa kupinda mukati muswe uye ari zvakare wakaiswa kuti Threaded kubatana uye core.

Tashanda kwave aitungamirira bhandi goko: pakupedzisira kugara kusarudza katatu, zvinhu zvinoumba zvange yakabatana obtyuriruyuschim mhete mhangura. Pangosvika projectile anosiya Upfu chiteshi mauto aerodynamic anongonzi vaibvisa bhendi, uye "Arrow", kuvhura plumage, nenhokwe kuti matangi. At chinhambwe 750 metres nokutsauka haasi anopfuura 2,5 madhigirii pamusoro chinjikira mutsetse nokuona.

Features vemamwe marudzi kwepfuti

Tinofanira kugara mureza uye mukuru-putika kwepfuti vane zvakafanana kuvakwa. Kana vavo projectile muviri nokuramba wakaomerera panzira akabatanidzwa rwemberi ruoko, iyo wanamatira Feathering. Musiyano aiva asipo obtyuriruyuschego bhandi uye dhayamita zvakafanana avo kuti hunde. Nokuti tinofanira kugara anoshongwa kushandiswa the bushing pamwe mashizha shanu Feathering, uye kana mukuru-putika bara - matanhatu.

Tinofanira kugara uye mukuru-putika kwepfuti ndikasafananidza saka yakakwirira zvinoda pamusoro ruoko, asi nokuti akaita kubva zvavo (kuifukidza lacquer) hwendarira. Sabot projectiles chete mhando kurongedzerwa bedzi mune yepamusoro endarira ruoko usingabereki kusakara sezvombo. "Angazvidzvisa" - pfuti panguva iyoyo zvinodhura chaizvo, saka nyanzvi vakanga vachitsvaka chero nzira kuwedzera upenyu hwayo basa.

Finalization zvemabhomba

Asi pamwe kuitwa rakasiyana-siyana kwepfuti matambudziko uchangotanga, sezvo vose zvinoda zvakakomba dzokororo. Kunyanya, kuboora projectiles rakapinda zvakakwana vertically akaronga akaturikidzana dzokurwa, asi ivo vari kukurira slanted kure zvishoma zvinogutsa. The projectile kana chiratidzo dzokurwa pasi dzimwe hazviiti yorusvingo, kana kungoti ricochet. Landfills yatyorwa dzakawanda decommissioned matangi, apo nyanzvi vakawana mhinduro zvinogamuchirika zvose.

New zvinhu pamasikiro

Zvakatora chete kuwedzera pakuvaka "kuwedzera" dzimwe chinoumba zvikuru vafuke chiwanikwa. Kamwe chikamu ichi chave akasuma (yairema chete 800g), zvakaitwa tungsten carbide, kuti vachiridzira pakarepo akaratidza tarenda results: kuti kuparadzaniswa ne raiiswa dzokurwa nani nokuda 60%!

Nokukurumidza zvose hwounhu uhwu vaedzwa uchidzidzira. Cannon "Rapier" rwisana kushandiswa yakatanga panguva iyo chiitiko iri Gorani Heights, akaratidza nemigumisiro yakanaka kupinda.

Pakuzadzisa basa

Nokukurumidza, pfuti itsva, uye akaita kuti tifunge kwematangi Soviet. Vakanga mwoyo nesimba uye yakaderera-hazviiti smoothbore pfuti uye kwayo chiedza uremu. asi mimwe vokutanga dzakatorwa kukurumidza, uyo pakarepo akaita zvirambe zviri muchiuto.

Vachinzi yakaiswa pamusoro chassis ari tangi T-54, idzva 100 mm kanoni "Rapier" chibhakera kudzidza chipfuro (debited pekugara chete T-54) nepagedhi, uye yakakurisa akareba. Makwai airidza basa vashandi, anenge hapana chakasara.

Muna 1960 dzakachinjwa kuti aida hurumende pfuti "Rapier" akatanga pagomo iri chassis ruzivo (pahwaro of T-55). Nguva pfupi pashure pacho, zvose miedzo apera D54, sezvo itsva smoothbore pfuti kuratidzwa kwayo Mhedziso ukuru. Kusiyana ne "inifanduri" okunatsiridza kuti tangi anoshongwa pamusoro dzino haisi tomu akamedura. mitanhatu chete mwedzi tangi pfuti "Rapier" (mapikicha zvinogona kuonekwa ichi zvinhu) akaiswa basa pasi chiratidzo 2A20 "Stiletto."

Chokwadi kuti akanga asina kunyanya zvakafanira panguva caliber 100 mm. Akapiwa chokwadi chokuti Matangi Soviet kumbova yakakurisa kukura uye uremu, uye munyaradze akaputsa kwazvo runogonesa kuti kunyatsoshanda, kugadzwa ayo mudzimai tangi chivakwa kwaiitwa chete zviitiko apo dzimwe nzira dzose dzave vakaedza kukanzura uye havana kupa achida mugumisiro.

okunatsiridza itsva

Pakutanga kwe ma1970 pfuti "Rapier" unogadzurudzirwa zvakare. Mubayiro basa masayendisiti uye mainjiniya wava mudziyo of T-12a (2A29). Metallurgists uye mishonga dzakawana nzira kubereka zvakawanda nesimba hunde dzacho kuti yaibva akapa hwaro kuidzwa itsva, kunowedzera zvombo.

Zvakare, nenhumbi yave pakanatsiridzwa chose, zvichiguma chii chave zvinenge kubvisa zvachose vibration kana kupfura, mwero anoshanda akamuka nokuda vanenge hafu. Rakanga akakudziridza ndokugamuchirwa pamberi nokuda usiku kupfura, uyewo kunzwisisa radar, rakagadzirirwa vose usiku uye masikati kana maonero ari murombo (guruva madutu, somuenzaniso). Externally nadzurudzo iyi nyore chaizvo kusiyanisa, sezvo tomu akaputsa pfuti anotarira sezvinoita munyu shaker.

Panguva imwe chete nadzurudzo 2A29 kushandisa zvachose itsva subcaliber projectile ane vanoshanda mugove aumba kubva chete nhindi tungsten chiwanikwa. nhare gobvu yakawedzera zvishoma, asi vachiridzira siyana yakawedzera vanenge 30%. Zvichitevera itsva reShanduro emirayiridzo hondo rakarira pfuti. Rakati kuti kupfura kuvandudzika munitions kubva "Rapier" 2A19 wevekare zvachose wairambidza, sezvo zvichiita atsamwira yacho dhiramu.

Kubvira muna 1971, pane akatevedzana akadzingirira yoku- tangi "Rapier" pasi T-12a - 2A20M1 "Stiletto."

mhedziso

To musi, ichi chombo zviri kunze zvevakomana. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti "Rapier" kanoni haachagoni pave varambe kupinda dzokurwa nadzo kuti matangi ano, asi mune mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu zviri zvikuru kukurira mabasa avo.

Saka, munguva reYugoslavia kurwisana rakashandiswa zvose mapato nemigumisiro yakanaka chaizvo. Nyanzvi dzinoti chokushandisa iri rakanakira nokudzora chiedza warrior motokari nomuvengi (ndiro kunorema kupfuura zvipfuwo BMP kaviri). Uyezve, pfuti "Rapier" (mufananidzo pamusoro), anenge Zvechokwadi unogona kurova dzakawanda NATO Matangi parutivi uye shure. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti "ambuya" iri vachiri mangwanani kuenda kunorara.