"Kusakabe" - pfuti yakaitwa Japan

Kana iwe uri kunyange zvishoma vanofarira munhoroondo weuto National, iwe pamwe kuyeuka kanenge vaviri specimens vokune dzimwe nyika zvombo zvehondo. Wokutanga chinouya mupfungwa chinhu pfuti "Bamba", mumwe munhu anogona kuyeuka "Lewis", izvi zvinosanganisira "Vickers" British matangi. Asi pano "Kusakabe", Japanese akagadzirwa pfuti, anozivikanwa kwete vose. Kunyange zvakadaro, izvi chombo akaita basa rinokosha mune paumbwe ano Russian mamiriro.

Matangiro Ayakaita

Muna 1914, hondo Imperial akakurumidza kuona kuti ... hazvina banal havangaguti zvombo, pfuti, zvombo uye nepfuti .... Industry mumakore iwayo akanga asina kukwanisa kumisa kugadzirwa zvakakwana uwandu nomumwe zvidiki. Zvange uye masoja, nyaya nemanomano "hinting" kuti nguva huru, asi mauto zvikuru untrained pakupedzisira akapfuura.

Anozivikanwa chokwadi, kana mumwe vehondo Russian, masoja mupoteredze kusiya nzvimbo (vakanga vachitya German tsamwisa) akawanikwa ... mazana ezviuru akasiyiwa nepfuti uye makumi emamiriyoni dzinenge zvombo. Uye ichi pasinei nokuti zvombo zvava zvishoma, mafekitari Aisagona kukurira zvikuru rakawedzerwa kuti goho pakazopera 1914.

zvinombooma zvoupfumi nezvisingafadzi

Muchidimbu, Zviri chamakashayiwa zvombo. Zvino hurumende tsarist yakasarudza kuenda muvengi wake ekare, Japan. Japanese pfuti "Kusakabe" zvakanaka nekusimba mumakore ehondo. Kunyange shasha Fedorov wokutanga akasikwa muchina wokutanga nyika yakanga pasi waro anorichengeta. Uyewo, oddly zvakakwana, zvakanga vokuJapan vakanga zvakawanda "rupo", regai wringing maoko ake vasingadi mukurapa mari.

Zvisinei, usafungidzira Japanese altruistic: chokuti pakutanga vanopfuura zviuru 35 nepfuti akanga achida kuti varwi Mexican, asi hurumende US shandisweyi zvinyoronyoro kuti "Mexican kuti" hakuna mhosva rirege kupedzwa. Saka kuti Sunrise Sun asarudza kugamuchira vamwe vabatsirwe. Mumwe pfuti "Kusakabe" achitengeswa yepakutanga chibvumirano kuRussia, pakutanga mari ... 29 rubles. Uye pasinei nokuti mudzimba mafekitari akapa ichi "trehlineyki" kunodyira 41 rubles por chikwata. Saka kuti pfungwa yokutanga sokuti kuedza.

dambudziko rokutanga pamwe zvokuvakisa

Panguva kutengesa pamwe Japan nayo chakatengwa pfuti anenge mamiriyoni mana. Ndizvo chaizvo, chete 35,000 inokwana zviyero vokutanga vakanunurwa panguva. Nokukurumidza matambudziko akatanga: Mikado aisada zvibayiro kuunganidza reserves pachako uto raro. Tanetseka chaizvo, akakwanisa kubvumirana romugove vezvikwata zviuru chete 200, uye mamiriro ezvinhu akanga kuzvinyadzisa.

Mumwe pfuti vokuJapan vakaita zvose 100 vaitenderera. Mushure mikumbiro dzakawanda vakakwanisa kuwedzera mari iyi ... kusvika 125 mhosva. Ludicrous mumucheto, kunyanya nekuti vose mabara vakange vakwegura, mhiri garandi nguva chekuchengeta zvekudya. Vakanga akaendeswa kuunganidza vana dzokuchengetera vaiva panguva iyoyo Korea.

Gare gare vazvo vakanga kazhinji kumbopfeka pachena, hunde dzacho wekare "dubious chiremera" sezvo vari yoku muchiuto. Asi vakanga yakanaka chishandiso pamusoro colour ane kuwedzera zvikuru usimbe mukurima maererano mumhuri indasitiri. Sezvinoratidzwa zvinopa nguva, nepfuti "Kusakabe", iro Kuziviswa chiri munyaya, akanga aine ose chegumi kupesana. Hazvishamisi kuti ivo pachavo CSKA jokingly akataura kwavari "Japanese."

"China kana nepfuti"

Nokukurumidza zvose pamusoro pomugove uye akaputsa "nedzenyu bargaining" kuJapan panguva kuisa mberi akakurumbira "21 zvinoda" kuna China, kupa kusarenda kutopedza munyika uye kuziva Japan payakatora hurumende. Pakutanga, vamiriri Russian vaiva pamusoro zvaidiwa endarira yakadaro ... asi mauto eGermany yakatanga inogumbura muna Galicia, zvokutaurira mazwi ake. Tiine tacit Nokubvumira Royal Government, China akamanikidzwa kusaina imwe-mativi kondirakiti.

Uye pashure Japan akatora pamusoro uye nyika yedu. Akafuridzirwa asinganyunyuti kuzviisa pasi pamambo, eJapan vamiriri vakatanga kuisa mberi "dzomuZambia zvinoda endarira" akaratidza, kunyanya ... kuvapa "chikumbiro" East yose Far mukutsinhana imwe lousy miriyoni nepfuti. Kuti chikwereti zvezvipfuwo vamiriri, kuvirima kwakadaro vaisagona kudzivisa, kunyange hurukuro pamusoro vatanga. Uyezve, Japan attache chaiyo kurova Pakarongwa, ipapo izvi "searchlights" kutengesa shamwari haisi kuisa mberi.

Uyezve, Japan akabvuma pamwe kukumbira kutengeswa neimwe miriyoni zvombo. Zvisinei, pakazosvika nguva mumwe pfuti "Kusakabe" kare mari 32-35 rubles. Asi achiri isingadhuri pane mumhuri yokutevedzera. Mukuwedzera, vokuJapan vakatanga kurwira zvakajairika ammo ano mharidzo.

Sezvineiwo, Japanese bhayoneti "muenzaniso 30" pfuti "Kusakabe" Aitova, zvishoma pfupi nemapanga. Sezvo mudzimba "Mosinok" rakagara richidudzirwa kunge tsono bayonets, mauto ane zvombo "wokumwe", anogona nyore kuwanikwa chero mufananidzo wenguva iyoyo.

mhiri kwemakungwa vanozoshanda

Uyewo kuziva njodzi 60,000 "Kusakabe", pakutanga akatengesa Japanese England. "Tenzikadzi Mumakungwa" nokuda iyoyo, zvakare, akanga ezvinhu akaoma, pasinei nesimba simbi yacho zvinomera. Asi mumwe nomumwe "Chirungu" pfuti "Kusakabe" pakupedzisira kwakanga zvakafanana mune arsenals Russian. Chokwadi ndechokuti pakazopera 1915 vokuGermany vakanga akapindira zvakare kurwisa, vachisiya hurumende yeBritain, zviri zvikuru vaitya nokuda chokwadi ichi, icho akasarudza "vhara Teutonic Russian aval budiriro." Nepfuti vakaenda nyika yedu.

Saka February 1917, yakanga waakatenga huru kwazvo zvombo uye zvakawanda zvombo kwavari. Izvozvo zvinofanira kunzwisiswa chete kuti "Japanese Kusakabe pfuti" - kwete muenzaniso chete. In nyika yedu isu zvawo kurwira nomwe (!) Of ayo okunatsiridza siyana, izvo akasika matambudziko asingaverengeki uye pasina kuva kumonera kukwira procurers. Sezvineiwo, okupedzisira 150 zviuru "Kusakabe" vakatengwa pamusoro avaida yaOctober Revolution.

Asi pashure kutaura V. I. Lenina kuti "runyararo uye nyika" nyaya "vakadzi Japanese" mubasa kweuto Russian yakanga kure zvakakwana. Tinogona kutaura kuti munguva yemberi akarwa vaviri matsvuku murindi chikamu. Uye inofambiswa kushandiswa chaikwo chombo asi zvakasiyana nyaya kubva uyo akauya. Asi vazhinji kwayo "vanoshandisa" vanobvuma kuti nepfuti "Kusakabe" (mapikicha iyo vane munyaya) - yepamusoro uye chombo yakavimbika. Cherechedza kuti vokuJapan "kuchengeta zvizivikanwe" kusvikira 1944, apo nokuda dzakakomba upfumi zvinetso unhu kugadzirwa zvombo akasuruvara.

Zviya, chii chikamu kwepfuti anoshandiswa zvikamu mativi ari Civil War? ruzivo Izvi zvakasiyana chaizvo. Zvinozivikanwa kuti vamwe zvakananga pasi Kolchak, vakanga vakabata dzavo dzinenge pasina anosara. Asi uwandu "Kusakabe" iri Red Army mune dzimwe nguva yakasvika 1/3 pakati uwandu vakashandisa zvombo zvidiki munhu.

Gunsmiths vanotiwo chazezesa Latvian riflemen vakanga kunyanya nezvombo pamwe chete "Kusakabe". Saka kuti basa nepfuti izvi munhoroondo nyika yedu chaizvo.

Zvakadini "Kusakabe" akafunga masoja?

Misc. Zvino zvaienderana, somunhu ushe, zvekushandisa pamwero varwi, nenhanho dzidzo, siyana nepfuti. Kana "Japanese Kusakabe pfuti" aiva mumwe mutsva, ipapo kutsoropodzwa chero panguva yake anenge akanga asina. Zvinozivikanwa kuti yekare zvikorekedzo vane chisingafadzi pfuma, runoratidzwa "kubva akanamatira" pasuwo. Zvakare, izvi angangotadza waini nepfuti pachavo: zvichida kupomera pachavo vanodzima kwemwedzi kwete dzavasinei nadzo zvombo.

Recent nyaya yekushandiswa

Mushure Civil War pfuti "Kusakabe" mhando 30 aiva basa munyika dzakawanda. Kunyanya vazhinji zvombo izvi zvaiva vaMazuva Finland uye Estonia, apo "Japanese" Dzava yezvisikwa varindi muganhu vakashongera.

Muna 1941, "Kusakabe" kuteererwa hwekuunganidza dzimwe nguva atara anopamba uye neshure zvikamu, asi kwakapararira, havana kugamuchira. Muna USSR kugadzirwa kwezvombo ukauyiswa rukova, asi nekuda kwekushaikwa yake saka kwazvo akanzwa. Zvinogoneka kuti imwe nzvimbo iri National arsenals vachiri vakasara rarities izvi. Zvinozivikanwa kuti wokupedzisira batch mangé zvomumagaba "Kusakabe" akatumirwa smelter Ukrainian Armed Forces muna 1993.

General hwokugadzira mashoko

Sezvo kuJapan, uye nyika yedu, kuti Zvinonyanyozivikanwa mhando mbiri nepfuti izvi, "Type 30" (mhando yokutanga) uye "Type 99". Ivo chakasiyana caliber. Kana "matatu" wevekare inoshandiswa vachiridzira munhu katuriji okunatsiridza 6,5h50 siyana, nokuti "Type 99" akaparadzana zvombo kwakawedzera simba yambokurukurwa - 7,7h58. Ungangove, kujairika nokuti Japanese geji kwave akakweretwa kubva British yavo "Lee-Enfield".

Uyezve, munyika yedu kusvikira pakuguma kushandisa ichi chombo akasangana pfuti "Kusakabe" mhando 38. Ndicho nadzurudzo wechipiri, nguva yaro pakukura Mikoko kudzokera 1900s remakore rapfuura.

Kana nokurondedzerwa, ipapo pfuti - chiri Muenzaniso kwezvombo nguva yake, akanga zvimwe nevamwe zvinhu. Upfu yavharwa Rotating bhaudhi. The yokupedzisira yakanga lugs maviri. Pakutanga Colonel Kusakabe, uyo aiva mukuru Mugadziri chombo kufanana nemamiriro pamwe lugs matatu, asi zviri kugadzirwa uye kudiwa kuderedza mari pfuti zvakaita kuti anoitwa ayo mamiriro.

Other Features

Nechemberi zvechizarira hunde aiva chitubu vakaremerwa ejector. Sezvo vose akashandisa "Kusakabe" cartridges vane flanges (zvose mumhuri uye 7,62h54), mukati mugamuchiri, parutivi rwayo rworuboshwe, vakasungirira reflector (aricheke).

The garo, mubhedha nokuda mugamuchiri Upfu lining zvakaitwa namatanda. Kazhinji, izvi pakutanga vakaedza kushandisa mupengo, asi muna 1944-1945, kana mamiriro ezvoupfumi panguva hondo Japan kutambura zvikuru, vagadziri vaifanira chinja kusvika yakachipa pashiri mhando huni, uye garo mune zvimwe zviitiko uye zvose zvakaitwa plywood yakaderera-mugiredhi.

Sezvineiwo shutter bumburudzi: zviri guru kwazvo, mune muchinjikwa chikamu chayo chakafanana huku zai. Kusarudza mufananidzo yakadaro yakanga nokuti kuti miedzo nayo, rakaratidza kuva zvikuru yokuita. Sezvineiwo, vachiridzira mbambo yechirimo akaiswa mukati tubular mugove kurwa, naro riri tsime kudzivirirwa kubva muguruva, unyoro uye tsvina. Izvi imhaka yakakwirira rakavimbika zvombo, izvo vati zvose nezvipfuwo uye dzimwe masoja kakawanda.

Zvakare, nokuda tichinyanya chitubu ichi chave unetseke kusvibiswa ayo gunpowder chin'ai (zvikuru 'kubva akanamatira "zvatakapfidza kare ataurwa pamusoro apa). Asi zvokuudza zvombo kunyika vagumirwe zvaifanira "edza" pasina rokuchenesa kwenguva refu.

Zviya, "Kusakabe" aiva rinokosha butiro-pechifukidziro kudzivirira gedhi pakusvibiswa. Asi kubatsira kwaro kwakanga yakaderera chaizvo: kavha kunoramba kwengoro, akasika yakawanda nematambudziko kana uchifamba (paiva pangozi yokurasikirwa izvozvo), asi nekuti vazhinji varwi pamberi muhondo vakasarudza chikamu ichi kubviswa uye akaisa pouches.

Kudzivirira netsaona vachiridzira

Chiizve kunoratidzwa "Kusakabe" (chivhorovhoro)? "Buttons" -predohranitel - kwazvo yo ichi chombo. An dzinonakidza mashandiro nezvaaiita. Kuti Activate kuti fiyuzi kana shutter iri cocked, zvakanga zvakakodzera kuti achizviendesa "bhatani" pamwe chemarata chimiro, iri seri rwesuwo, uye ipapo tenderera nayo Kutenderera. Pamaberere, zvokutemerwa bhokisi, pomukuvadzi zvakasimba makavhara, tisingabvumiri kuti yakarova lähikuva.

Pomukuvadzi amutswa kupinda vachiridzira nzvimbo yaibva kana shutter cocking. Uchiraira akanga akatakurwa achiburitswa kunze pagedhi rakashama. Kuita izvi zvaibvira somunhu anorichengeta, uye shanu, uchishandisa nokuti ichi chinangwa chinokosha uketani.

Zvinofadza kuti ichi chombo akanga yemasiraidhi hove! Ndiko kana zvekushandisa kuti zvombo shutter rwoga akava rearmost nzvimbo, iyo nyore zvikuru muitiro vakaraira pfuti.

bhayoneti kurwa

Sezvatakamboreva, kuti bhayoneti kuti pfuti "Kusakabe" akasikwa ari kutonozara munondo. Pane zviitiko apo bayonets izvi kushandiswa nemasoja edu ose Great Patriotic War. Kusarudza vokuJapan haana netsaona: pfungwa tsono bayonets uye Bagineti kuti akatungamirira Russian maoko mugadziri, akanga atova zvakaomarara yechinyakare.

Mukupesana, varwi kwaikosha chaizvo kuti ive zvizere banga kuti rinogona kushandiswa kwete chete muhondo, asi nezuva urongwa wemisasa. Nokuti chokuti bhayoneti kuti pfuti "Kusakabe" yakagadzirwa Stainless simbi, zvave dzakakurumbira chaizvo masoja mativi ose mberi. Zvikurukuru, mhare zhinji American mu "kuchengeterwa" rine banga kubva "Kusakabe", yaiva zvikuru yamunenge uye nani American womuenzaniso.

Uye chii vari vakapakata varwi Japanese nhasi? Individual pfuti ane kurwiswa pfuti "Kusakabe". Iye Precursors dzakawanda, zviri zvikuru hwakavimbika uye yepakutanga michina mapedzero kushandiswa kuvaka.

Ndizvo sei zvakaitika kuti zvombo kugadzirwa mafekitari muJapan, kuti izvo Russian Empire nguva pfupi asati kurwa, kuti basa rinokosha muchiuto zviito pamusoro Imperial Germany, uye ipapo - mu pakagadzwa simba yeSoviet.