Chess mutambi Gata Kamsky: Biography, basa

Gata Kamsky - mupenyu nengano wenyika wechesi vepamusoro. Pasinei aisagona kuwana kuchiva korona Fide, munzira kuenda soro basa Kamsky akawana anoverengeka chinokudza uye kubudirira, uye vakawanda vavo vaiva vaduku. Eroi Rating uyewo haritauri mukana atambe pasi pamabasa ake. Kama tarenda zvakazivikanwa zvose chinoda ose USSR uye, pashure kwechinguva, muUnited States.

Gata Kamsky: Biography

June 2, 1974 mumhuri wechiTatar akaberekwa mumwe kupfuura chinopenya vatambi ano. Zvino tinoziva kuti zvose pasi zita Kama, uye ake nzvimbo yechizvarirwo - guta Novokuznetsk. Zvadaro hapana aiziva kuti mukomana wacho saka kukudza rudzi rwake. Pakuzvarwa, mwana akapiwa zita Gataulla Rustemovich Sabirov. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti pfungwa nemano ake yakakwirira kunoratidzwa pazera duku - kare makore maviri mukomana verenga pachena, uye vana pakugona piyano. Asi shasha munhu zvechokwadi wakaratidzwa nguva paakatanga akaedza kutamba Chess.

Abva guta Novokuznetsk, mhuri yake muchidimbu vakagara Kazan, apo akatanga kunzwisisa wechidiki shasha kuti wechesi unyanzvi. Papera nguva vakabva vatamira Leningrad. Kudzidza pachikoro yemo akapiwa neGati hakusi nyore, nokuti ainge adzidziswa vakomana vakura makore maviri. Izvi hazvina kumutadzisa kuwana ruremekedzo uye chivimbo ukama navo, nokuti mukomana zvakanaka hunhu nemafungiro uye akanga nyore chaizvo kukurukura nevezera ravo, pasinei atova panguva iyoyo aiva yakasimba chaizvo chinzvimbo zera rake. Kamskiy Gata ainziwo Rustemovich Sabirov akatora pamusoro kubva sekuru vake, vamire kwakatangira mashoko Drama Theater of Tatarstan. Iye akatanga nomukurumbira nezita iroro muguta iri Neva.

Apo ndakatanga "muduku grandmaster" Vladimir Zak?

The kutanga nyanzvi basa Gata Kamsky akadzidziswa paMuzinda mapiyona ari kunozivikanwa murairidzi Vladimir Zak. The Kugara nokudzidziswa akapedza mazana mitambo nomumwe akasimba vatambi - Vladimir Shishkin. Tarenda rimwe jaya wechesi mutambi aiva pachena kuti Vladimir Zak kubva muchikwata yokutanga inonzi Cat "shoma tenzi wangu mukuru." Somugumisiro Papera, akanga zvachose zvakanaka. Gata Kamsky - mudiki wechesi mutambi zvishoma uye chokwadi kuti akunde dzakakwirira zvose zvitsva. Kutanga akaunza pwere "Spartacus" ushasha, ipapo akahwina maungira kukunda pamusoro Markom Taymanovym kuti amupa musoro mutsigiri mukuru USSR pavakomana makore 12 kare. Uyewo chokwadi ichi yekudyidzana munguva yemberi iri Eroi Rating.

basa budiriro

Kubvira ipapo, zita rainzi Kama munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana zvakawanda nyika. Newspapers kazhinji tichienzanisa naye Kasparov, akaita pamusoro voruzhinji kwakadaro pfungwa simba. Zvisinei, izvi hazvirevi kuti vanotsvaka yakareba. Kwapera nguva, pasi auspices Soviet Chess Federation vaipinda akakurumbira dies Kamsky uye Alekseya Shirova.

The mutambo inopisa zvikuru uye refu, nekuti prodigy anokumhan'arira yakanga zvikuru ruzivo, asi Gata Kamsky akahwina chivimbo kushorwa achitungamirirwa Gennady Nesis. kukunda iyi akazarura nzira imwe wechesi mutambi ari Junior World Championship, umo iye waimiririra USSR.

Kutamira kuUnited States of America

Pashure maungira kukunda panyika mudariro Kamsky nemhuri yake vakagamuchira mukana kubva shoroma James Kane, vakakoniwa kuramba. Muna 1989, pakarepo functionaries Soviet, vachifambira kurarama muUnited States. Zvisinei, ichi hapana nezvainoita shasha pakati guru wechesi mutambi, nekusiyana, kamwe zvakare Gata Kamsky akakwanisa kusvika soro professionalism, vachidikanwa US Open. With idzva musoro Tenzi Mukuru, anova yakanakisisa yakanakisisa uye vanopfuura kusarudzwa muna interzonal mutambo. Chii chinozotevera hakuna mukukunda shoma kunoshamisa: muna 1990, Gata Kamsky yakahwina Super mutambo muna Tilburg, mari iye nzvimbo rukudzo pakati nyika wechesi vepamusoro.

Pashure pezviitiko izvi Ghats basa yakatora hapana zvishoma zvinokosha. Nyanzvi zhinji pamberi inotevera mutambo pasina mubvunzo akavimba Kama. Panguva vanorambana yacho wechesi nyika muna 1993, iye zvakare akakunda nokuridza chikamu United States chikwata yenyika. Zvadaro musi World Team Championship aiva musangano ngano maviri - Kamsky uye akasimba Russian wechesi mutambi Vladimir Kramnik. Next kukunda Executive Najdorf Memorial rwakagadzirira Kama zvakananga nzira iri musarudzo Matches kuti Fide uye PCA.

basa yepamusoro: Kamsky vakakundwa musarudzo Matches

Kukodzera Danho PCA yakapera kukundwa Vladimir Kramnik 4.5: 1.5 uye Nigel Short 5.5: 1.5, iyo panguva iyoyo yaiva kurwa ichangopfuura kuti mubairo. Hazvina musoro kuti pashure dzakatevedzana vakunde vari Kukodzera kumativi, akasarudza kusiya mutambo pamwe Kasparov Chess mutambi Viswanathan Anand.

Participation aiva chichiwedzera zvikuru muna Fide makwikwi. Kama akaramba amborohwa hondo pamwe Van der Sterrenom (4,5: 2.5) uye Valeriey Salovoy (4,5: 1.5). Zvakazoitika kunotarisirwa uye Anand, izvo akarwa kunozivikanwa wechesi tiebreaker.

Pachishandiswa zvabuda Ghats pamusoro World Championships, kunyanya kukunda muna Linares (1994), kamwechete takaziva kuti GM chaitwa kuna ushasha musoro, izvo panguva iyoyo raiva Anatoly Karpov.

The kukundwa muhondo kuti musoro kunozivikanwa wechesi mambo

Makore mashomanana gare gare, muna 1996, zvakanga vaipinda kuti mutambo nokuda korona Fide. The vakatozodzokera kurwa raiva kupfuura guta Kalmykia - ėlista. The kumirisana korona nhevedzano zviitiko zvakaitika. Tichifunga kukurumidza Virtual panguva computerization, Karpov, riri vakwegura, yabudirira mutambo pamwe shelving. Kama pakati baba murongi akaputsa zvakakomba kurwisana kaienda kundorwa masekonzi vakatevera knockout Gata. Chikonzero ichi maitiro Ghats baba haana kusina nokufungirana yokuyamura mumisasa Karpov nokutamisa mashoko anokosha. The mutambo yakaguma pokukundwa ari Kama ane lag 3 chete pfungwa. baba zvikundikane akaratidza haavimbi refereeing akati kuti jaya bidder akasiyiwa pasina korona chose tsvete. Zvino, maererano kuraira kwababa vake, Gata Kamsky aifanira kurega wechesi uye vanotanga zvidzidzo zvavo payunivhesiti.

Nemimba uye akaramba akazvivanza uye mugumo

Kwemakore akawanda, hariwaniki chero nhau chokuita nezita Kama. Anenge makore 10 wechesi mutambi haana kuratidza kukwira paruzhinji. Panguva iyi, iye akakwanisa kudzidza kubva kukoreji aine dhigirii Chemical uye Military Medical Academy, mari mutemo dhigirii. Pashure paizvozvo Kamsky akavhura kambani yake, achida kuva gweta. Mumakore gumi, akanga akaroora uye kuva noupenyu hwemhuri hunofadza.

Kama shure yakakanganiswa kwenguva pfupi nguva: imwe nguva chete akaedza kutora mubayiro pakutanga kwenyika ushasha knockout Fide muna 1999, apo kare mukutanga nzendo mutambo akarasikirwa kuna Kumukundi Aleksandru Halifmanu. Pasinei neizvi, chido Ghats haana kudzima zvachose uye resurfaced muna 2004, apo akaita kudzoka ake nomufaro. Paakaudzwa mutemo dhigirii kubva University of Arizona, Kamsky akakwanisa zvakasimba kugadzirira kukunda World Cup muna Khanty-Mansiysk (2005), iro Re-akazarura nzira yake vamhan'ari. Achidzokera nesimba rakawedzerwa muna ėlista, vakakunda Etena Bakro neguyo mamakisi pamusoro 3.5: 0.5. Asi chipinganidzo chisingakundiki kune nyika rokuremekedza kurwisana ne Boris anova Galfandom, uyo achiri vakakwanisa kumisa unyanzvi Chess mutambi.

Kudzoka Legend pakati wechesi

Wana kunokosha ruzivo, Kamsky akatambanudza basa rake rakareba unotevera World Cup. American chikuru kudzoka yakaguma muna kukundwa Adly, Avrukh, Georkieva, Svidler, Ponomariov, Shirov uye Carles. dzakatevedzana ichi okukunda auye mukombe. Uyezve, iye zvakare atarisana akasimba wechesi vatambi munyika - Veselin Topalov, izvo zvakaita kuti mumwe kukundwa uye Somugumisiro, hazvibviri zvinodiwa machisi pamwe Anand.

Grandmasters Chess nhasi

Muna 2011 akatora zvakare chikamu mune musarudzo machisi, achitora kutsiva pamusoro Topalov, asi kutevera machisi ichi pamusoro Gelfand dzakaguma kamwe zvakare mu kukundwa. Panguva iyoyo ndiye muridzi vakawanda US Champion rokuremekedza, Kumukundi vanoverengeka yakazaruka-Tournaments wokutanga unokosha uye akadzokorora yendarira medalist. Shure kwake, katatu nhaka European makwikwi sechikamu "Linex-Magic", "Ural" uye "SOCAR".

Kama ichangopfuura kuRussia. Zvino anotungamira Kazan wechesi chikoro yaakasimbisa. Sezvo zviitiko akasarudza kubatanidzwa mukirabhu Championships muKazan 'Rook ".