Chii nhoo sei decipher kuti chidimbu uye?

Moscow Art Theater ainzi pashure M. Gorky - imwe yakakurumbira, mukurumbira uye yakakurumbira yemitambo munyika yedu. Artistic mukuru ndiye akakurumbira mutambi Tatiana Doronin.

chimeti

Chii Mat? Uyu ndomumwe guru wacho dzemitambo. All vanoda theatre unyanzvi, Chokwadi, anoziva tsamba idzi kukoshesa. Mat rakaumbwa muna 1898. nemabviro ake vaiva KS Stanislavsky uye V. Nemirovich-Danchenko. Theater kakawanda yakachinja zita rayo. Pakutanga rakatumidzwa Art uye voruzhinji yemitambo, muna 1901 vakagamuchira zita Moscow Art Theater, uye pakuzivikanwa se Moscow Art Theater muna 1919. Achiongorora zvaive abbreviations - Moscow Art Academic Theatre.

History of Theater Birthday

June 19, 1897 paresitorendi "necheSalvic Bazaar" musangano KS Stanislavsky uye V. Nemirovich-Danchenko, izvo vakakurukura nyaya rakasikwa ane nzira itsva yemitambo kuti dai kuomerera zviga pamusana iyo akashanda Paris "Free Theater" A. Antoine uye Berlin yemitambo "Free Stage" O Brahma. Ichi neitsva zvamarudzi kuita, apo zvose ane kuona zvinhu sezvazviri, pasina pretentious declamations uye affectedness. Zvinonzi zvakare vakafunga kuti yemitambo nyore, kureva kuti tikiti mutengo pasi, uye chero nhengo rwekuita mukirasi aigona atore runako. Saka Art Theater (Mat) akasikwa.

Muna 1901, shoko "yavose" rakabviswa zita nokuti tikiti mitengo aifanira kumutswa, kuti Duma akaramba mari chirongwa, uye zvinhu nokuuchengeta akafunga vakapfuma vagari. Director uye maneja vakava VN Nemirovich-Danchenko, uye KS Stanislavsky zvikabatanidzwa mutungamiriri wacho nzvimbo pamwe nezvenzvimbo mukuru wekambani. The troupe vaiva basa vadzidzi vakanga vadzidza kuita Nemirovich-Danchenko, uye vasiri nyanzvi vatambi uyo muchinangwa kubudiswa Stanislavsky.

Kugadzirwa yemitambo rokutanga chaizvo aiva nedambudziko NdiTolstoy kuti "chevaux Fyodor Ivanovich", izvo zvakava phenomenally anobudirira, uye nokukurumidza kudanana vateereri. Pakupera 1898 zvaida panzvimbo "Gaviota" kuratidzwa AP Chekhov, kufanorongwa iyo vakazova kunozivikanwa. This Teatrika shoma yakanga yakachena, yepakutanga, vakashinga uye rakajeka. Kusvikira muna 1905, ari repertoire yaisanganisira mitambo nevanyori vakanga panguva imwe yemitambo chete: AK NdiTolstoy, AP Chekhov, AM Kunorwadza, H. Ibsen, uye gare gare vakanga vabatana uye chekare zvesimba. Muna 1906, rwendo rokutanga vakagura kusvikira Moscow Art Theater troupe (decoding zita rake rakapiwa nesu pamusoro).

The theatre chivakwa

Chidimbu Mat akazviratidza kwete kamwe, pakutanga rakanga risisipo tsamba "A" uye yemitambo chainzi Moscow Art Theater. Kusvikira muna 1902, asi troupe haana dzavo chivakwa, uye zvesimba wawakaratidzwa muimba yokurenda pamwe nzvimbo zvigaro 815. Chengetai rinovira, zvokupfeka, edzesera uye kuronga musangano pakanga pasina nzvimbo, saka kwaidiwa kushandura mukamuri. Mari yokuvaka vaisanyanya bonde haisi mari neHurumende uye akabhadhara rendi kuti muridzi chivakwa. Hoyo ari mari kubva Tangai kubva tikiti rokutengesa uye kubva vanoitisana. Mumwe wevaya paakapiwa vari yemitambo, akanga akakurumbira Morozov, uyo akatora kwapera zvakazara pamusoro mari iri Moscow Art Theater. Aiva nehanya risi chacho chitsva, ayo gadziridzo uye michina. Zhizha 1902, chaizvo mitatu pasi yemitambo rakavakwazve imba Lianozov apo kambani vakatamira mumatsutso 1902. Muimba itsva imba yacho yakagadzirwa kuti 1,200 vaoni, aivapo nepokuongorora turntable, uye pasi payo akaisa capacious zvitoro kuti zvemaoresa. Chidzitiro chakaitwa zvishoma nezvishoma mumatope pachinzvimbo inosimuka, uye graced yakakurumbira chiratidzo Moscow Art Theater - a Gaviota, iyo Riri Kuwedzera Zvinoshamisa pamusoro remafungu.

kweSoviet

Sezvo 1906 yemitambo vakatanga Zvakaoma nguva zvichikonzerwa Kusawirirana pakati Stanislavsky uye Nemirovich-Danchenko. Somugumisiro, vakaramba mushandirapamwe nezvinobvamo, kunyange pakakoromoka haana yavo pamwe okusika. Muna 1919, ivo troupe, iyo akaenda rwavakaita mhiri dzematunhu maguta, akagurwa akabviswa Moscow nokuda Civil War, uye akabva kumanikidzwa kuenda kunze, uye chete muna 1921 vakakwanisa kudzokera.

Muna 1920 yemitambo yakanga akakwidziridzwa kuti chinzvimbo zvedzidzo, uye pachinzvimbo akazviratidza bonde bonde chidimbu.

1922 kwakaratidzwa ndechokuti chikamu troupe pakati vatambi, inotungamirirwa K. Stanislavsky, makore maviri vakatenderera Europe, akasarudza kugara kunze, kwete kuda kudzokera USSR. Muna 1923, Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko akanga nokubatanidzwazve ari troupe, sezvo K. S. Stanislavsky aidavira kuti vatambi vakarasikirwa mweya, asisiri kukudziridza, kubatikana nezvinhu, vakapamba guru mari uye vava zvakare kuzvivimba. vatambi vakawanda atsiviwa itsva uye vaduku, kuti aiva riwedzere kuti kukura Moscow Art Theater.

The repertoire huru nzvimbo rakatorwa kutamba playwrights nguva, kunyange dzenhoroondo zvesimba yaiitwawo, uye maererano zvesimba avo itsva. Mabasa inozivikanwa kwazvo apo akanga "Mazuva Turbines", "warrior Train 14-69", "Crazy Day kana The Kuroorana Figaro." Munguva 1930s, misiyano pakati Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko uye KS Stanislavski asvika muganhu, uye muna 1934 akasiya Moscow Art Theater Stanislavski.

Muna 1932 yemitambo raiva zita Maksima Gorkogo akapiwa, kuti vari pasi musengwa kusanganisira ari repertoire mabasa ake.

Pakafa VN Nemirovich-Danchenko Moscow Art Theater akamhanya Arts Council.

Mumakore 1950-1960 yemitambo yaiva mudambudziko, kushaya munhu mukuru mukuru kwakaita kuti chokwadi kuti vatungamiriri pachavo vaiva vatambi, somugumisiro vakawanda Mitambo vaiva ephemeral, vateereri haana kukwana, vanhu vakawanda vakawira, uye seboka ruvengo akatonga.

Muna 1970, unyanzvi kanzuru akagadzwa kuti pambiru mukuru mukuru O. Efremov, chinofema upenyu hutsva munzvimbo yemitambo, kufanorongwa akatevedzana hunoshamisa zvesimba, ari troupe yoku-. Kana asvika Moscow Art Theater kuti mukurumbira. Chinhu bedzi aisagona kukunda - ndiwo mamiriro ezvinhu ari chikwata, izvo pakupedzisira zvakatungamirira kuti paiva troupe aparadzane kupinda 2 mapoka, mumwe nomumwe akanga pachavo repertoire dzaro mutungamiriri.

Moscow Art Theater. AP Chekhov

Nokukurumidza wakanamatira mu hafu troupe yakashandurwa mbiri dzakasiyana yemitambo, uye somugumisiro muMoscow aiva maviri Moscow Art Theatre. Mumwe nomumwe wavo aiva pachavo mutungamiri wayo. Chii Moscow Art Theater ainzi AP Chekhov? Uyu ndiwo mumwe dzemitambo maviri, aumba kubva paradzanisa. Theater anonzi AP Chekhov rinotungamirirwa Oleg Efremov. Muna 2000, pashure porufu rwake, akava musoro Oleg Tabakov, wokuisira muhofisi nhasi. Pamusana kwaari, akavandudza repertoire, iyo yakavakirwa dzenhoroondo mabasa vari ikozvino. Akavandudza kambani. Nhasi, pakati vatambi vose yemitambo pane usage akadai K. Habensky, M. Porechenkov nevamwe vazhinji. Muna 2004, zita yemitambo akanyangarika tsamba "A", iro rinoreva "zvedzidzo", uye zvino anonzi Moscow Art Theater zita Chekhov. Kunyange zvazvo yepamutemo zita isina kushandurwa, zvinonzi zvakachinja chete pamusoro mapepa. Nhasi zvinoreva (sezvo rakashandurwa) nhoo? Kufanana pamberi yemitambo yakadhirika - Moscow Art Academic Theatre. It riri muna Chamberlain mukoto.

Theater Doroninoj

Chii Moscow Art Theater ainzi pashure M. Gorky? theatre chechipiri ichi, aumba pashure mahwanda muna 1987. Iye zvikamu izvozvo Tatiana Doronin. ari Moscow Art Theater anopomerwa sei zita pashure M. Gorky? Mhinduro iri nyore kwazvo: kuMoscow Art Rezvemhosva Theater zita Maksima Gorkogo. It iri Tverskoy Boulevard. Mat achimhanya T. Doronina inoomerera tsika izvo zvave Munguva Stanislavsky. On Danho muri dzenhoroondo zvidimbu navo rakadzorerwa kutungamirira Nemirovich-Danchenko. Chiratidzo Moscow Art Theater ainzi pashure M. Gorky ari yegungwa uchigara pamusoro remafungu.

School-Studio

Chii Moscow Art Theater School-Studio? Izvi nesangano dzidzo yepamusorosoro, rakazaruka panguva Theater ainzi AP Chekhov. Pano kugadzirira vatambi ramangwana, vatungamiri, uye vaburitsi. Studio chikoro Open raiva 1943 iri kutanga pamusoro Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko. 6 Mwedzi pashure porufu rwake, kuchikoro ainzi vakamutevera. Ichi theatre kukoreji ndechimwe chezvinhu rakakurumbira uye mbiri munyika, pane zvakaoma kuita nokuda makwikwi zvikuru. Somuenzaniso, muna kuita dhipatimendi mumakwikwi vanhu vanenge 30 panzvimbo. Pakati vakapedza Moscow Art Theater School ainzi pashure VN Nemirovich-Danchenko, vakawanda vakakurumbira vatambi: L. Bronevoy, E. Evstigneev, T. Doronin, O. Basilashvili, A. Filozov, Vladimir Vysotsky, N. Karachentsov, E. Proklova, A bhora, Mironov nevamwe.

The repertoire of Moscow Art Theater ainzi pashure M. Gorky

Vateereri, kanenge kamwe akashanyira Moscow Art Theater, kazhinji kacho anosiya dzinovaka nechido chaizvo. Saka, mashoko kuyemurwa hwamanda kero vatambi, vatungamiri, decorators. At yemitambo vari Mitambo inonakidza, vaviri chekare uye ano, izvo, kazhinji, zviri dzakakurumbira kwazvo voruzhinji. Munguva repertoire pane zvesimba vana, izvo zvinogona akashanyira semhuri.

Nhasi, pakati nezvinobvamo vari anozivikanwa chaizvo:

• "Blue Bird";
• "Chocolate Musoja";
• "Tenzi uye Margarita";
• "Romeo uye Juliet";
• "Russian vaudeville";
• "Hamlet";
• "Vassa Zheleznov" uye vamwe vakawanda.

Pashure kuverenga nyaya ino, hapana hapana mubvunzo, sezvo nengoro (sezvo rakashandurwa) bonde.

kambani

Kusvika panguva yemitambo kunopfuura 60 vatambi. 18 vavo vane musoro "akaremekedza Artist weRussia" uye 13 - musoro "Vanhu Artist weRussia".

Saka nhasi anozviratidza kwatiri rukukwe, achiongorora zvaive acronyms iyo sokunge "Moscow Art Rezvemhosva Theatre."