Chii OSCE? The Zvinoumba basa uye OSCE vaiona

Chii OSCE? Yesangano iri. Muna 1973, imwe musangano dzakawanda wakaitwa kukurukura pamwe uye vakachengeteka muna Europe (CSCE). Vakatora chikamu kunyika 33. Yakaguma kusaina misoro iri Helsinki munyika uye hurumende chiito, razova chirongwa-refu chiito nokuda kuvaka chete rugare, democratic uye yakabudirira Europe a. Sangano iri kiyi nokuda European Community. Rine simba kwazvo kugadzirisa kusawirirana siyana, dzevanhu zvichiongororwa mu nomumwe nyika, kudzora kwezvakatipoteredza kuchengeteka.

Evolution yesangano

Chii OSCE? Maererano Helsinki Final zvirongwa huru zvataurwa mabasa musangano zvinosanganisira zvinotevera nyaya nechokuita European kuchengeteka: pamwe muminda nesayenzi, upfumi, unyanzvi hwokugadzira zvinhu, zvakatipoteredza, dzavanhu nezvimwe minda (kodzero dzevanhu, mashoko, tsika, dzidzo). Uyu ndiye OSCE Mission. zviitiko zvinokosha zviri Helsinki kwacho kwaiva musangano States Mapato muBelgrade (1977-1978 gg.), Madrid (1980-1983 gg.), Vienna (1986-1989 gg.).

Akawana zvikuru kukosha musangano OSCE pokuita States panguva soro dhigiri Paris (1990 ndipo), Helsinki (1992 ndipo), Budapest (1994 ndipo), Lisbon (maminitsi 1996) uye Istanbul (1999 ndipo). Somugumisiro zvishoma nezvishoma vachembera uye akasarudza kusika pambiru Secretary-General (1993rd) uye Permanent Council of CSCE awana zvaidiwa remunharaunda sangano yemarudzi. Zvinoenderana Mutongo Budapest Summit muna 1995, CSCE akashandura zita raro kusvikira OSCE. Achiongorora zvaive abbreviations for Security uye Cooperation mu Europe.

Muna 1996, panguva Lisbon musangano vakuru pokuita nyika ndiyo zvisarudzo zvinokosha chaizvo uye magwaro akatorwa. Chekutanga, pfungwa rinotsanangurwa European kuchengeteka muzana remakore rechi21. Waiva kutaura pamusoro kudiwa Resettlement imwe Europe idzva pasina pamiganhu uye kupatsanura nemitsetse. Kutaura zvazviri, gwaro iri raiva hwaro pakusikwa European Union. Chechipiri, rakachengetedzwa yoku- CFE Treaty (Treaty musi kwakajairika Armed Forces).

Chii OSCE? Nhasi, nhengo dzesangano vari munyika 56, kusanganisira European zvose, post-Soviet, Canada, neUnited States uye Mongolia. Izvi zvinoita sangano kuti OSCE kugadzirisa matambudziko akawanda munyika. murayiro Its rinofukidza guru nyora mibvunzo emauto-enyika, kwezvakatipoteredza, zveupfumi uye zvesayenzi mabhora. Zvinangwa sangano vari counter-ugandanga, maoko kuzvidzora, kwezvakatipoteredza uye kuchengeteka mune zvoupfumi, kudzivirira hweruzhinji uye kodzero dzevanhu, uyewo vamwe vakawanda. Countries vechigaro kuna OSCE vane zvakaenzana hweHIV. Zvisarudzo dzinoitwa pahwaro tenderano. Kune masangano akasiyana-siyana OSCE. Chii, tigokuitira pazasi.

zvinangwa

The sangano kunonyanya anofungawo ayo kwekushereketa kudzivisa siyana kwematunhu kusawirirana uye kugarwa munyaya uye nematambudziko, kubviswa migumisiro hondo, uye zvichingodaro. N. The chikuru nzira yokuchengeta kuchengeteka uye zvinogadzirisa vabudirire chikuru zvinangwa zvesangano vari Mapato matatu zviridzwa. Boka rokutanga zvinosanganisira:

• kudzora kuwanda;
• mabasa pamusoro kuvaka chivimbo uye pave kuchengeteka;
• nedzenyu matanho kudzivirira kurwisana siyana.

chikamu chechipiri inosanganisira kuchengeteka mune upfumi uye ikoroji. Muchikwata wechitatu unosanganisira zvose chokuita dzevanhu, nehana, uye zvichingodaro. Ivo:

• dzevanhu mabasa;
• richiona nesarudzo munyika dzakasiyana;
• inoita kuti pave nevanhu masangano.

Zvinofanira kunzwisiswa kuti sarudzo dziri OSCE vari Advisory uye kwete kubatanidzwa. Zvisinei, vane kwazvo enyika kukosha. Mudonzvo sangano iri 370 vanhu zveutungamiri uye kunyange 3.5 zviuru basa mumunda mishoni.

manhengatenga

Summit akadana musangano vamiririri pokuita nyika panguva soro chechetere. Ndivo mumiririri Forum pamwe kutora chikamu Namachinda State uye Government, vakabata kazhinji ose maviri makore matatu kukurukura mamiriro ezvinhu mumunda kuchengeteka uye kugadzikana mune OSCE nharaunda, kutora sarudzo zvakakodzera, kusarudza huru mirayiridzo yacho sangano mabasa ari pfupi uye yakareba tarisiro.

The Council of Vashumiri uye Permanent Council

The Council of Vashumiri misangano wakapindwa vashumiri Foreign Affairs pakati States nhengo dzesangano. Ndiye musimboti sarudzo uye dare rinodzora OSCE. The Permanent Council - une nhengo, umo pachiyero Permanent Vamiririri States Mapato wakaitwa enyika yokubvunza, kusarudza zvose zvinhu kuitika mabasa OSCE. Plenary Zvirongwa PS wakaitwa China ose muVienna.

The Parliamentary Assembly

OSCE Organization ane Assembly rayo Parliamentary. Plenary purogiramu dzinoitwa kaviri pagore pamwe vatsigire PA Secretariat, iri Copenhagen. OSCE Sachigaro-neVadzidzi PA nguva dzose, udza vadzidzi pamusoro basa sangano. PA President akasarudzwa kuti izwi gore.

revanyori

OSCE Secretariat, ane basa rinotungamirirwa Munyori General, Rinotarisira basa uye sangano nzvimbo muAtlantic muna Member States, anoshanda basa nevamwe vedare miviri, nechokwadi Implementation-siyana Misangano, mubasa administrative uye budgetary nyaya, vashandi mitemo, riri basa nezvipatara nemasangano dzakawanda, wokudhinda uye t. d. Secretariat yaiva Vienna (Austria), pamwe musana hofisi muPrague, (Czech Republic). Kuti uvandudze kunyatsoshanda of Secretariat nemamwe masangano ari zvoupfumi uye kwezvakatipoteredza ndege kubva January 1998 pambiru Co-ordinator pakati OSCE Economic uye mabhora nzvimbo.

The Sachigaro-mu

Chii OSCE? Chiso sangano uye zvematongerwe enyika rakakura mufananidzo ndiyo sachigaro ano. Ndiye anokonzera Kufambisa uye kubvunza pamusoro iyezvino zvematongerwo enyika. In basa rayo, sachigaro iri achibatsirwa:

• Mugadzi uye mutsivi kushandira pamwe naye nevatatu format.
• Special mapoka, uyewo unogadza.
• Personal Vamiririri, vari zvakare neMutungamiriri sachigaro, pamwe Urongwa yakananga wokureva uye tsanangudzo pamazita matambudziko akasiyana nzvimbo kugona of OSCE.

Office for Democratic Institutions uye Human Rights (ODIHR rakapfupikiswa)

mamiriro ichi hwezvekukurukurirana iri kunhaka kuti democratic sarudzo muna Member States (kusanganisira kutumira sarudzo pakuongorora mishoni), uyewo rubatsiro anobatsira ari kusimudzira democratic masangano uye kodzero dzevanhu, achisimbisa nheyo veruzhinji uye kwemitemo. ODIHR yebazi Warsaw.

The High Commissioner pamusoro National vashoma (HCNM)

Uyu mukuru ndiye anokonzera mangwanani nyevero yokurwisana dzinobatanidza National vashoma nyaya. HCNM Secretariat mu The Hague.

zvenhau rusununguko mumiririri

Zviri pamutemo chinowedzera inoti mapato avo vaite pasango zvenhau. Nzvimbo mumiririri nhau kunokosha kuti pave nechokwadi chokuti yakakodzera nokushanda kwenhengo imwe rakavhurika hweruzhinji muvanhu, uyewo hurumende kuzvidavirira kuna vemo. OSCE, nzvimbo iyi yakanga akasikwa mukupera 1997.

OSCE basa

Mission basa sezvo rudzi "munda" yacho OSCE mamiriro. MuSoutheast Europe, ivo varipo muAlbania OSCE Mission kuna Bosnia and Herzegovina, Macedonia, Croatia, Serbia, Kosovo (Serbia). In Eastern Europe Office muna Minsk Mission kuna Moldova Project Co-ordinator muUkraine. Ari South Caucasus: OSCE basa kuGeorgia, Mahofisi Yerevan uye Baku, mumiriri iri sachigaro-Karabakh. In Central Asia: basa iri Tajikistan, ari OSCE Center Almaty, Ashgabat, Bishkek, Tashkent. Masangano Ava zviridzwa zvinokosha panyaya muzvidzivirire kurwisana uye dambudziko kutarisirwa mumunda. OSCE Vacherechedzi vaite mabasa avo dzakawanda dzinopisa makwapa uye kunetsana munyika dzine.

Economic uye Environmental Forum

Ichi chiitiko wepagore, yakaitirwa kuti ape zvakasimbisa upfumi States Mapato. Ivowo kunoitika kuita mazano matanho anobatsira zvainanga kusimudzira upfumi pamwe pakati penyika mbiri.

The Forum for Security Co-oparesheni

muviri ichi anoita basa rayo pamusoro wechigarire nemhaka muVienna. Inoitwa vamiririri nenhume of OSCE pokuita States mubasa kukurukurwa nyaya maoko kuzvidzora, zvombo, chivimbo rokuvaka uye kuchengeteka matanho.