Chii pomugove cheni? mharidzo zvinhu

Vazhinji zvipenyu Panyika kudya makemikari zvokudya. Zvinogona chirimwa, mitumbi nezvimwe zvisikwa, avo metabolic zvinhu uye manyowa. By uye yakakura, chii pomugove cheni? Iri mamiriro ezvinhu umo zvinovaka muviri ari yakarongeka nenzira achichinjwa muviri mumwe.

vaburitsi

Kuti tinzwisise kuti cheni chikafu, unofanira kuziva, kubva chii / zvaari. Pane zvisikwa kuti atange kutevedzana uku. Ndivo vakadanwa vaburitsi. masangano aya (autotrophic) tora simba rokuita ayo anokosha nezvinhu, non-makemikari. Izvi zvinosanganisira zvinomera uye mhuka dzakawanda utachiona siyana kuti kurarama mumvura, mumhepo, panyika pasi muvhu. Somuenzaniso, miti inogona dzinofambiswa pachishandiswa photosynthesis mu chezuva. A microorganism rakashandiswa nokushanda chicherwa munyu uye magasi.

consuments

Kuziva chii chikafu cheni, rinotevera kubatana kumusoro consuments, zviri, akavapindurawo, ane That heterotrophic zvinenge. Pakati pavo, kutanga kuitira - avo vanofudza vaburitsi: zvigare uye zvinomera. hurongwa Second - zvikara: avo vanodya dzimwe mhuka. Consuments uchiteverwa wechitatu, kurongeka chechina, uye zvichingodaro kusvikira kutevedzana haina kuvharwa.

herbivorous

Kuti nani kunzwisisa chii wedzerai cheni, tava kuenda kupatsanura mhuka sezvamunoita zvokudya ivo kudya. Mhuka zvokudya bedzi iri chirimwa zvokudya rinonzi herbivorous kana herbivorous. Vakadaro vane anongoda chero zviyero, makirasi, mhando mhuka umambo. In invertebrates - makonye, annelids, zvipembenene, kungozvifunga uye mhashu, nyuchi uye wasps. In vertebrates - yakawanda hove, nezvinokambaira (nenjiva), non-dzinodya dzimwe shiri. In mhuka, herbivores - nondo yenondo, namabhiza nembizi, mhou, nzou, nemakonzo zhinji.

Carnivores, kana zvikara

zvitengeswa cheni - Ndivo Links kuti vari dzinotsigirana pamusoro mumwe. Pasina mumwe, ichiteverwa Vaingovawo chavangadya, zvichiita kuti Kutsakatika kwezvimwe mhuka. zvakaitika Kazhinji zvakasikwa, nokuparadzwa zvokudya nechigadziko zvikara ivo Zvibvisike zvishoma nezvishoma pachavo. Somuenzaniso, carnivores remudunhu pfupi. The cheni Zvingasanganisira mumwe kana kupfuura marudzi pazvikara kuti zvokudya pamusoro herbivores. Kazhinji, chokupedzisira kubatana ndiro mhuka kupfuura vakakurumbira uye simba. Mugungwa, somuenzaniso, kuti shark. Mumasango yapakati boka kuva bere kana yokuSpain. Kazhinji, zvikara izvi regai kuitika zvikuru. Dzavo muviri chawo (uye nokudaro - simba anopa upenyu) ipfupi, kunyange mhuka nyama-kudya uye anopa zvakawanda simba, uye zvokudya zvinodyiwa carnivores vasapedza nguva pane herbivores. Pakati inozivikanwa zvomumvura pazvikara zvakadai yebhuruu shark.

Pakati nyika - Tigers, shumba, mapere. All anovhima uye kudya nyama nedzimwe mhuka.

omnivores

zvitengeswa cheni - ndiko kutapurirana simba kubva mumwe zviri kune mumwe. Saka rimwe anotevedzana maatomu akafanana inowanzopiwa kuitwa simba varasikirwa. Saka, somuenzaniso, kana shumba anodya zvayo, rine chikamu chiduku chete simba kuti mhuka yave mararamiro. Asi pane mhuka dziri zvakafanana vachida kudya, uye chirimwa uye mhuka zvokudya. Ndivo vakadanwa omnivores. Naivowo, tinongonzwa zvakakwana. Zvipembenene neshiri, makonzo uye nguruve, mabheya uye chimupanze. Uye Zvechokwadi, vanhu. In omnivorous mhuka havana canine mazino unopinza uye shaya vanosarudzirwa pamberi incisors, shure - the molars. A dumbu iri chakatorwa kuti kubudiswa uye mhuka uye chirimwa zvokudya.

scavengers

A rinokosha iri kuridzwa nemhuka zvakasikwa, scavengers kuti kufura zvitunha uye dzasara nedzimwe mhuka. Naivowo, tiri vazhinji; kubva zvigare uye zvipembenene vertebrates - shiri uye mhuka. Vanoparadza nyaya akafa uchishandisa kusunungurwa simba kubudikidza marara uye kushandisa kuti zvokurarama nazvo zvavo. Kana kwete zvisikwa izvi, nyika yose yaizova ngavafukidzwe zvisaririra vakafa vose nguva nezvokuvapo zvipenyu. Uye utachiona zviri kuitika mu ngetani zvokudya, sokunge, ndakapedza kugadzira simba unhu hutsva, tichigadzira nzira zvinomera.

Chii pomugove cheni? tsananguro

Saka, kuongorora zvose pamusoro, zvinokwanisika kutaura zvinoreva izwi. Chii pomugove cheni? The tsanangudzo dziri maduramazwi uye encyclopaedias. Chekutanga, ndiko hwose zvipenyu (utachiona, majemusi, zvinomera, notumwe tupukanana mhuka), izvo zvakabatanidzwa vakataurirana ukama "zvokudya - nevatengi". Kuva Zvakazoitwa kubatana zviri cheni kudya vamiririri rapfuura kubatana, vachishandisa nyaya uye simba nokuda koupenyu hwake. Saka, pane kuchinjwa uye aponese simba uye zvinhu vakatakura yavo ichitanga zvakasikwa. Chechipiri, kuchinja kubva cheni kubatana kune mumwe akarasika zvikuru simba (kusvika 90% mune zvimwe zviitiko) anowanzoshandurwa akaparadza sezvo kupisa varasikirwa. Zvichida, saka, nhamba CPU zviumbu (cheni chikafu) kwete kupfuura 3-5 (kune vaifanira).

Zvinotarisirwa kuti mharidzo panyaya "cheni zvokudya:? Chii"

In kupa nyaya iyi inokurudzirwa kushandisa nemasiraidhi, kuratidza zvinenge munyaya cheni zvokudya, kuti pfungwa worudzii chikafu mhuka vanodya, sezvo munhu munyaya kwacho. Unogona kupa musha rondedzero: "Ndapota, chii cheni chikafu uye chii mhando dzemhuka nomukurumbira vanogona kutora chikamu pakati pano kana hwemvura ezvinhu."