Chii symbiosis mu zvipenyu? Definition uye mienzaniso symbiosis

Chii symbiosis mu zvipenyu? Zviri rudzi tacit chibvumirano pakati maviri kana kupfuura vanhu, yeimwe akasiyana zvachose marudzi. pamwe kwakadaro aigona kutora chimiro mutualism, commensalism uye parasitism. Utachiona iyi nyaya anonzi symbionts.

Chii symbiosis mu zvipenyu: tsananguro

Symbiosis ndeuya sangano pakati mbiri dzemarudzi akasiyana-siyana nevanhu. kudzidza ndiwo hurongwa zvipenyu rinounza pamwechete kwete chete nhanho dzose zvipenyu pachisara kubva samolecular kune zvipenyu, asi anoongororawo ukama pakati zvinenge zviri nzvimbo nhatu upenyu. Kukura munharaunda iyi ichiri vachiri padanho wake, asi munguva pfupi, migumisiro havana kutora nguva kumirira.

mhando symbiosis

Chii symbiosis mu zvipenyu (mugwaro 5)? Symbiosis - ndiye ukama pakati maviri kana kupfuura zvinenge kurarama pedyo kuonana nomumwe. Kudyidzana kunoitika apo kwemarudzi maviri vanogara panzvimbo imwe uye mumwe kana vose vanobatsirwa mumwe. Tsanangudzo Izvi pasi predation isina, sezvo inogona kuonekwa sechinhu mhando symbiosis.

Zvechokwadi, mumwe mhando symbiosis, parasitism, rinongova rinokosha predation. Pasinei neizvi, zvipenyu patsanura predation uye symbiosis maviri rakasiyana-siyana mukukurukurirana. Kune mhando huru nhatu symbiotic mukukurukurirana. Izvi mutualism, parasitism, commensalism.

mutualism

Mutualism - ichi ndechimwe chezvinhu rakakurumbira uye chinonyanya mukudyidzana nezvimwe zvisikwa kukosha mhando symbiosis. In ruremekedzo rwakadaro, somuenzaniso, tumbuyu uye zvirimwa (pollination). pamwe kwakadaro kunobatsira uye takunda zvisamumirira mumapati vaviri. Zvipembenene, shiri uye kunyange vamwe mhuka muchimiro nekita kuti awane chouviri yavo. Chirimwa, Ukuwo, anogamuchira guru dzokubereka zvinobatsira - kureva, vane mukana kutakura mukume dzavo nedzimwe zvirimwa.

Sezvo zvirimwa havasi kazhinji pamwe chete, zviri matambudziko kuti dzokubereka ushande pasina vanozoshanda. Panyaya iyi, iyo symbiosis vanongoperera chinokosha, uye zvizere pfungwa yeshoko. Pasina mukume, zvirimwa zvakawanda aigona chete kupera panze. Ukuwo, pollinating zvinomera, tupukanana vakawanda vakawana pachavo vari mudambudziko rakakura. Chinhu takunda zvisamumirira mubatanidzwa chaizvo.

Mienzaniso symbiosis mu zvipenyu Havamboregi. Chimwe chinofadza Ipfungwa pamwe anobatsira anogona kuonekwa toreva zvimwe marudzi dzemasvosve uye inda dzemuriwo. Inda dzemuriwo - dukuduku, zvinyoronyoro Tupukanana kuti zvokudya pamusoro chirimwa muto, uye sezvo tsvina ivo excrete zvimwe shuga uye mvura. Zvinova zvokudya akakodzera vamwe mhando masvosve. Uyewo, masvosve kazhinji muvatakure nzvimbo itsva, richipa mamwe matsime simba.

parasitism

Chii symbiosis mu zvipenyu? pamwe ichi, zvisinei, dzimwe nguva kuunza chete zvikomborero. Parasitic ukama, kusafanana mutualistic, nguva dzose aireva kusaruramisira zvido. Kutaura zvazviri, kurara izvi nguva dzose namarudzi kukunda-kurasikirwa. Dzimwe nguva muruzi maonero regai kuitika kakawanda, pamwe ichi kunoratidzwa muchimiro kusanzwa, mune zvimwe zviitiko, zviri parasitism anogona kurufu.

Kune mhando dzakawanda akasiyana tupukanana, asi vari rakakamurwa mhando mbiri huru. Vamwe worongedza ugaro mukati muviri varidzi, mavakanga vanogara, vamwewo achafura pamusoro pemvura.

Chokutanga mhando unonzi endoparasites, majemusi izvi zvinogona kukonzera manyoka uye kurwadziwa, kuzadza pasi node nodes uye kukonzera kuzvimba Mbabvu (elephantiasis). Mhando wechipiri, rinozivikanwa ectoparasites, kunounzawo kukuvadza kuti akaripfeka. Izvi zvinosanganisira utunga, umhutu nezvimwe zvipukanana, ndivo pokugara, zvokudya, uye panguva ino tenzi wavo anogamuchira kuzotadzira kunosiyana inegumi.

commensalism

Chii symbiosis mu zvipenyu? Chokutanga, pamwe ichi. Chimwe chezvinhu chisingawanzowaniki mhando zvakasikwa ndiyo symbiosis commensalism. Panyaya iyi, kubatsira akagamuchira chete divi. Wechipiri yakadaro chibvumirano kana kupisa. Mienzaniso yake chaizvo basa rakaoma. Zvisinei, mienzaniso mishomanana anogona kupa.

Commensalism - wesangano vamwe vaviri kana kupfuura vanogara pamwe chete, apo mumwe chete kubatsirwa Kudyidzana, uye mumwe chete kutiza asina kumbokuvadzwa. Somuenzaniso, duku vagere zhinji yakadzika, anozivikanwa prilipaly uye anemones, wakanamatira ivavo chaiyo nzira hombe kwevanhu (hove huru uye Sharks) chero zvokudya uye chikafu nenguva mari yavo. Ndakarovha nezvimedu zvokudya duku pakarepo yokuita zvinoitwa tupukanana "zvakanaka". Muukama zvakadaro ine actinium uye hove chigure.

Muenzaniso commensalism anogona kuratidza zvimwe madzvinyu gwenga kuti awane nzvimbo yavo yokugara ari kusiyiwa gonzo kana nyoka burrows that. Madzvinyu ndiwo ropa, nepo imwe mhuka isingaswederi chinhu kudzoka.

Chii symbiosis mu zvipenyu? Mumashoko nyore tinogona kutaura kuti zvakanaka, kunaka kana kwazvakarerekera co-kushanda pakati akasiyana siyana zvipenyu.