Vakwegura haisi kungova nemakore. Ngatishandisei kutsanangurwa tsanangudzo

Mukunzwisisa kwevakawanda, shoko rokuti "vakwegura" rinosanganiswa nekwegura. Iri ndiro zita revanhu vakadarika imwe nguva yemakore. Zvisinei, pfungwa iyi yakawanda kwazvo kupfuura yatakambofunga. Kune zviitiko zvakawanda zvinonakidza zvezvakaitika kare izvo zvichaita kuti vaverengi vatsanangurire uye vamubvumira kufamba nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzezwi. Zvishoma zvatinoziva pamusoro peeymology yemashoko, zvarinoreva uye zvisarudzo. Munhu akadzidziswa anofanira kugara ari pahupamhi hwemashoko.

Ngatishandirei kune zvinyorwa zvekare

Vakwegura ndiyo mari yakatarwa iyo yaiitwa muhurumende yeRussia munguva yekupera kwezana remakore gumi namashanu uye kutanga kwezana remakore rechigumi nemanomwe. Akamanikidzwa kubhadhara varimi vose vakasarudza kusiya tenzi wavo ndokuva vakasununguka. Paivawo nedzimwe nguva yekubhadhara, zvisati zvichinyanya kufadza: vhiki isati yemazororo ekwamberi Yuryev zuva (November 2, maitiro ekare, December 9 matsva) uye vhiki inotevera.

Iye zvino, kana iwe wakabvunzwa mubvunzo: "Kukura - chii ichi?" - hauzopi muenzaniso wezera remunhu, asi yeuka nhoroondo yeRussia guru uye mhinduro yacho zvakanaka. Kwenguva yokutanga pfungwa yevakwegura (iyi ndiyo chaiyo yemari) yakataurwa mune imwe nyanzvi yepamutemo inonzi "Sudebnik", zvinyorwa izvo zvakatanga muna 1497. Ikoko kwakanga kune kunyange nhamba chaiyo yenyaya - 57. Chokwadi ichocho chaireva kuti kukohwa kwaifanira kubhadharwa zvakanyanya, pasina kukakavara uye kudai. Muparidzi wekubhadhara akatyisidzirwa nekunaka, iyo panguva iyoyo yakakosha pfuti dzevarombo varombo.

Nhamba yebhadharo

Pakati pevhesi, uwandu hwevakwegura (zvichienderana nehuwandu hwekubviswa kwebindu kubva musango) waiva ruble, kana munhu aigara munharaunda yehuni, - hafu. Iyo yakanyorwa zvakare "Code of Law" kubva muna 1550 (iyo nyaya yakashanduka zvakare - yakanga yatotanga kuverengwa 88) yakagadzirisa zvayo kuhukuru hwevakwegura. Panguva iyoyo yaiva mairi maviri. Zvingava zvisina musoro kutaura kuti vakwegura kurwadza kusina utsinye, kwakanga kusingawanikwi kune vese vanogara. Akange asingagoni kuwana mari kubva kune muridzi wemari yakadaro. Pane imwe chete nzira yekubuda nayo - kwete kuenda chero kupi zvako, kuramba uchishanda zvakaoma, uye kwete kurota rusununguko rwakamirira kwenguva refu munguva yemberi iri mberi.

Apo muzana remakore XVI-XVII. Yakagadziriswa pahutongi hwepamutemo kodzero yekusiya varimi kubva kumwene wake, pfungwa ye "vakwegura" yakanyangarika saizvozvo. Anenge makore zana gare gare, mamiriro acho ezvinhu akachinja zvishoma uye vakwegura - yakanga yakatova yakanaka yekugamuchira uye pokugara kwevarimi vatiza panharaunda yavo. Nemhaka yekuti kubhadhara kwekunzwira tsitsi kwaive kwakakura, pakanga pane vashomanana vanhu vanoda kuvhara marwadzo.

Ngatidzokerei kuzera remunhu

Rimwe shoko rinosanganiswa, iro ratichakurukura, ndivo vakwegura. Ichi chikamu chehuwandu hwevanhu vakararama imwe nhamba yemakore. Sezvo mutemo, ivo varikufamba zvishoma nezvishoma kubva mukushingaira mubato rekushanda uye kushanda mumagariro evanhu. Uyu ndiwo pfungwa yekurega basa. Kuti uone zvakajeka kana munhu asvika pane izvi zvakakosha, zvinhu zvakawanda zvinofanira kuverengwa. Iyo huru ndeyemagariro evanhu, hupfumi, zvehutano uye tsika. Ngatitangei muenzaniso wakakosha: kana murume kana mukadzi asati asvika kumakore ekurasikirwa, asi haagoni kuita chikamu mubasa rebasa mumamiriro ezvinhu akafanana sepakutanga, havatorerwi sevakwegura. Uye vamwe kunyange mushure memakore makumi matanhatu vakaramba vachishingaira uye vanogona "kupa zvinopesana" kune vechidiki. Nokudaro, kurapwa uye zvehutano zvinhu hazviwanzoenderana uye dzimwe nguva zvinomhanyisana.

Asi kazhinji, vanhu vakwegura vari, maererano nehuwandu hwe WHO, avo vakatotora makumi 60, asi havana kusvika kusvika makore makumi manomwe (pano mushure mekukwegura).

Kukwegura kana ruzivo

Kune mumwe munhu asati achiri muduku, dzimwe nguva zvinorehwa zvakanyanya zvinowanikwa kune chikamu chevanhu. Dzimwe nguva zvinoratidza kuratidza kusaregererwa. Mumwe munhu akwegura, pane mamwe maonero ezvo, zvinhu zvakatove zvakashanda-izvo, zvisinei zvinosuruvarisa zvinonzwika. Asi nzira yakadaro inzira yekusina nzvimbo. Usakanganwa kuti maiva vanhu vakura vemazuva ano vakatipa isu mararamiro ehupenyu, kunyange kana kwete nguva dzose sezvatinoda. Munhu akwegura kana munhu akwegura chikamu chinokosha chehupenyu, uye anofanirwa kukudzwa uye kukudzwa. Usakanganwa nezvazvo. Chero ani zvake asingaremekedzi kukwegura, haafariri maitiro ake, haasati awana ropafadzo dzakawanda munguva yemberi. Mukuwedzera, makore acho anobhururuka asingazivi, uye mumamiriro evanhu vakwegura vachava vose. Mukunzwa kwakadini, mutsa uye tsitsi zvinotengeswa mumwana wese kana wechidiki, zvakawanda zvinodaro - zvinoenderana neramangwana redu nekukwegura kwedu kwakakodzera.