Chikamu chegungwa, kupinda munyika - chii ichocho?

Kazhinji mumabasa akasiyana-siyana ekuedza kana kunyange crossword puzzles pane basa rakadaro: "chikamu chegungwa chinopinda munyika ..." Kazhinji kacho mhinduro kumubvunzo uyu i "gungwa". Asi ndizvo chaizvoizvo? Tisati tapindura mubvunzo uyu, ngationei kuti zvikamu zvegungwa zvakanyorwa sei.

The World Ocean

Mvura yose yakafukidza nyika yose inonzi makungwa enyika, uye yakakura pane iyo Pacific, Indian, Atlantic uye Arctic Oceans. Nzvimbo yavo yose inongopfuura 361 mamiriyoni makiromita makiromita. Iko kune zvinenge zvisingaoneki mitsetse iyo inogona kuparadzanisa makungwa pakati pavo. Nokudaro, kupatsanurudzwa kwakaitwa panzvimbo pfupi nechepamhenderekedzo yegungwa, kuregererwa kwepasi, maitiro ezvino, zviitiko zvekuparidzirwa kwemvura.

Gungwa

Chikamu chegungwa, kupinda munyika, kunyange zvishoma (kakawanda), inonzi gungwa. Inenge dzose dzacho dzinozivikanwa nezviwi, pamusoro pemvura zhinji uye zvichingodaro. Gungwa chete risina gungwa ndiro Gungwa reSargasso, ichi chikamu chegungwa, kwete chakasungwa nenyika kune rumwe rutivi. Gungwa rinofukidza inenge 10 muzana yemakungwa enyika. Iko huru pane iyo ndeyo Philippine imwe.

Kubva munzvimbo yakazaruka yegungwa, gungwa rinosiyaniswa nehurumende yakasiyana-siyana ye hydrological uye dzimwe humwe hunhu hunokonzerwa nerudzi rwekuzviparadzanisa, ruzivo rwakakosha rwevhu uye runononoka mvura.

Makungwa akaparadzaniswa nenzvimbo kune dzimwe nzvimbo dziri kunze, iri pamuganhu wenyika negungwa, mukati, riri mukati memakondinendi, uye mukati-chinhivi, chiri munhete kana zvimwe, dzimwe nguva zvakagadziriswa, kuvharwa kweboka rezvitsuwa.

Mipata yegungwa inogona kunge iri makontinendi uye yegungwa, yakasiyana nenzira iyo inogadzira mabhesheni uye, pamwe, pakudzika. Nokudaro, makondinendi akasimuka semugumisiro wekuwedzera kwemvura mugungwa kubva kumagetsi anopisa. Makungwa anoumbwa munzvimbo dzezvikanganiso zvepasi. Chaizvo-inyanzvi dzemakungwa, uye mabhedheni akaenzana.

Mhenderekedzo yegungwa inowanzova isina kukwana, ine bhenji dzakasiyana-siyana uye peninsula. Pakati pemhenderekedzo ikoko kune zvitsuwa zvinoparadzana kubva kune mumwe nematambudziko.

Bays

Ichi chikamu chegungwa, kupinda munyika yakadzika zvakakwana. Kubva kumhenderekedzo yegungwa yakaiswa zvisingabatsiri. Inogona kugoverwa mumhando:

- Fjords. Aya marefu akareba uye akareruka, ano ane mabhaibheri akadzika uye mabheji. Vanovata munzvimbo dzakakwirira. Kazhinji kazhinji inowanzoitika munzvimbo dze tectonic zvikanganiso.

- Zvikamu. Idzi idzi zvidiki zviduku, zvakagadzirwa panzvimbo dzemiromo yemvura, yakazara negungwa.

- The lagoons. Iri pedyo nemhenderekedzo yegungwa, yakaparadzaniswa nayo ne braids.

Dzimwe nguva nzvimbo dzinoparadzaniswa nehukuru. Champion in size - Bay of Bengal. Yakadzika iri 4519 mamita, uye nzvimbo - 2191 zviuru makiromita makiromita.

Kune zviitiko apo zvakafanana muhukuru uye hukuru hwemitumbi yemvura zvinonzi zvakasiyana. Semuenzaniso, Bay of Bengal ine nzvimbo yakafanana neGungwa reArabia , Gungwa Dzvuku riri pedyo nekuenda kuPersian Gulf. Pfungwa apa ndeyokuti zvinhu izvi zvinonzi mazita munguva yekare, apo pakange pasina tsanangudzo yakajeka. Kupa zvinhu zvakakura zvekugara kwemashoko hazvina musoro.

Straits

Chikamu chegungwa, kupinda munyika yacho yakadzika zvakakwana. Une rutivi ruduku, runoparadzanisa nzvimbo dzenyika kana kuti rinosanganisa dzimba.

Nzira dzakapatsanurwa kuva dzakamanikana uye dzakadzika, refu uye dzakfupi, dzakadzika uye dzakapera. Uyewo kune zvikamu zvinoyerera uye kuchinjana. Muchikamu chinoyerera pane imwe nzira. Shanduro, zvisinei, zvinoshamisa zvisinganzwisisiki nemakwikwi akasiyana pamabhenji akatarisana kana pane dzakasiyana zvakadzika mazinga.

Nokudaro, icho chinonzi chikamu chegungwa, chinofanira kutaridzwa mune imwe nyaya imwe neimwe, ichiyeuchidza zvimwe zviratidzo, kunze kwekuti inopinda munyika yakaoma. Pashure pezvose, sezvatakanzwisisa kare, zhinji dzezvikamu zvegungwa zvinopinda munyika, kunyange zvazvo vamwe vavo vari vazhinji, zvimwe zvishoma.