China: nzvimbo. China: vakawanda, mamiriro okunze, mepu

A rakakura nzvimbo nyika ine yakanaka nenzvimbo yepamusoro - China. It riri muna East Asia. kusunungurwa yayo siyana chaizvo. In China, mune makomo, zvikomo, mapani, makomo, rwizi mumipata, magwenga. Ndiyo nyika kupfuura pakazara munyika. Asi yakakura nzvimbo China kwakaita pasingagarwi. Mushure zvose, vakawanda vanacho pfungwa pamapani.

nenzvimbo nzvimbo

China panyika mepu anotora chinzvimbo kumadokero kwemhenderekedzo nePacific Ocean. nzvimbo Its Dzava kuenzana kuti yose Europe. China ndokwenguva nzvimbo mamiriyoni 9.6 mativi makiromita. By nharaunda, nyika kupfuura Russia uye Canada chete.

Ndima China kunosvika nokuda 5200 makiromita kubva kumabvazuva kusvikira kumavirira uye 5500 chete kubva kuchamhembe kusvikira kumaodzanyemba. The easternmost pfungwa nyika riri confluence of Ussuri uye Amur Rivers, kumadokero - iri pakati Mountains Pamir, ari Kumaodzanyemba - kusanganisira zviri Spratly Islands, nechokumusoro - iri Amur River ari County Mohe.

China panyika mepu pamwe kumabvazuva kubudikidza mumakungwa akawanda kuti vari chikamu Pacific Ocean. Nemhenderekedzo munyika atambanudza kuti 18.000? Km. Sea mu China pave muganhu munyika shanu: Indonesia, Malaysia, Japan, Brunei uye kuPhilippines.

Kubva kurutivi rwezasi, rwokumusoro uye kumadokero inopfuura nyika pamuganhu. Its kureba 22117? Km. By nyika, China ine muganhu pamwe Russia, North Korea, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Afghanistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Nepal, Pakistan, Bhutan, India, Laos, Vietnam, Myanmar.

The nenzvimbo chinzvimbo China rakanyatsojeka zvakanaka kwayo zvoupfumi.

rubatsiro

Zvakazorodza nyika siyana chaizvo. China, ane jogirafi rakafara, ane akapindira nzvimbo. Inoitwa zvitatu zvese, kudzikira kubva kumavirira kusvikira kumabvazuva.

In kumaodzanyemba-kumadokero ehurumende ndivo Tibetan Plateau uye eHimalaya. Ivo ndiyo inonyanya Danho iri serakavakwa imwe nyika yakadai China. Jogirafi uye kwakaita nzvimbo yacho zvikurukuru ine makomo, nenzvimbo dzakakwirira uye makomo. Yakadereresa sandara, rine mapani, riri pedyo nemhenderekedzo.

kumadokero China

Venyika-soro wemakomo eJudhiya iri zasi-kumadokero kwenyika. Kunze China, eHimalaya ruoko mhiri India, Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan. Pamuganhu ehurumende pasi kufunga 9 14 chemhando makomo yose - Everest Chogori, Lhotsze, Makalu, Cho Oyu, Shishapangma, Chogori, vanoverengeka nenhongonya pakati Gasherbrum kuko.

Tibet Plateau riri kuchamhembe eHimalaya. Ndiro pakukura kukura uye chepamusoro rwenze munyika. It akapoteredzwa neeSultan gomo kumativi ose. Kuwedzera eHimalaya, Tibetan Plateau vavakidzani - Kunlun, Qilian Shan, Karakoram, ari Sino-mushroom makomo. Wokupedzisira vavo uye pedyo Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau vari dzisingambosvikiki nzvimbo. Akacheka yakadzika the yangtze nzizi, kuti Salween uye Mekong.

Saka, hunhu China nenzvimbo yepamusoro kumaodzanyemba-kumadokero kunoratidzwa pegomo.

Northwest China

Kuchamhembe-kumadokero munyika pedyo Tibetan Plateau vari Tarim Basin, Taklimakan Desert uye Turpan Depression. Rokupedzisira chinhu ndiyo zvakadzamisisa kuEast Asia. Uyezve kuchamhembe iri Junggar pachena.

Kumabvazuva Tarim Basin rinosiyanisa zvakatowanda nenzvimbo chinzvimbo. China munzvimbo idzi anochinja nzvimbo iri steppes uye mumarenje. Iyi ndiyo nharaunda yose Mongolia Rwomukati zvionera Region. It riri pakakwirira rwenze. chikamu chake kupfuura irenje uye Gobi Alashan. The Loess Plateau riri pedyo nayo kubva kumaodzanyemba. Nzvimbo iyi ndiyo yakaorera zvikuru uye akapfuma mumasango.

west China

Kuchamhembe-kumabvazuva kwenyika yacho iwayo sandara. Hapana gomo neeSultan refu. Muchikamu ichi China pachena Sunlyao. It akapoteredzwa makomo diki - Greater uye Zvikanganiso Hinggan, Changbai.

Northern China

Kuchamhembe China rinotarisa huru zvokurima mapazi. Chikamu ichi nyika ine mapani rakakura. Vari zvakakodzwa nzizi uye yakaorera chaizvo. Ava pachena sezvo Lyaohesskaya uye North China.

Southeastern China

Kumaodzanyemba kwenyika atambanudza kubva muhomba Huayyanshan kusvika Mountains Qinling. To inosanganisirawo chitsuwa muTaiwan. Yomunharaunda nzvimbo ine achinyanya makomo, mipata rakatumbuka nenzizi.

Southern China

In rwezasi muri nzvimbo Guangxi, Guangdong, Yunnan uye chikamu. Kunosanganisirawo gore rose dzisina chitsuwa Hainan. Yomunharaunda nomunzvimbo dzine anokungurutsa zvikomo nemakomo diki.

Climate uye ekunze

Okunze munyika haisi yunifomu. Zvinonzi kufurirwa nzvimbo. China ari matatu okunze dzinodengenyeka. Saka, mamiriro okunze munyika dzakasiyana-siyana munyika akasiyana.

Northern uye vokumadokero China vari mapazi ose mwero Continental okunze. Avhareji tembiricha pano -7 ° C muchando mwaka, kunyange pane kuti anosiya kuti -20 ° C. Muzhizha, tembiricha iri + 22 ° C. Nokuti chando uye kwematsutso kunoratidzwa nemhepo simba vari kuoma.

Central China ari mapazi ose ari subtropical okunze. Munguva yechando mhepo tembiricha iri kubva 0 kusvika -5 ° C. Muzhizha, zvinonzi wakachengetwa + 20 ° C.

Southern China uye zvitsuwa vane dzinopisa monsoon ekunze. Pane Thermometer neeSultan yechando kubvira +6 kusvikira + 15 ° C, uye muzhizha ichiwedzerwa nokuda + 25 ° C. Nokuti chikamu ichi nyika inozivikanwa nemadutu simba. Ivo kuitika munguva yechando uye kwematsutso.

Annual kunayisa shoma kumaodzanyemba nokumabvazuva-kumadokero nokumusoro - vanenge 2,000 mm 50 mm.

uwandu hwevanhu

Maererano nemashoko ose 2014, mabhiriyoni 1.36 vanhu vari mudunhu. A nyika guru, China musha 20% vagari Wepasi.

Hurumende iri vava kuda wevanotungamirira misha dambudziko. Naizvozvo, hurumende iri kunetseka refu nokuberekwa unodiwa. Vavariro yake - kuti mwana mumwe chete mhuri. Asi wevanotungamirira nomutemo nevamwe flexibly. Saka, zviri akabvumira kupa mwana wechipiri dzinza vashoma, uye mhuri vanogara mumaruwa kana mwana wokutanga - musikana kana ane utano abnormalities.

Part chavagari inoshora yakadaro mutemo. Iye kunyanya kufara muruwa. Handiti pane yepamusoro kudiwa kuberekwa vakawanda vakomana sezvo remangwana kubasa.

Asi projected yevagari kukura kuchapfuurira kukura, kunyange izvi. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti muna 2030 China achararama vanhu bhiriyoni nehafu.

arambe achirema zvokuwedzera

Vanacho anoparadzirwa vanoiswa munyika. Izvi imhaka Nzvimbo dzakasiyana ezvinhu. Avhareji yevanhu arambe achirema vanhu 138 paminiti mativi kiromita. Nhamba iyi sokuti zvikuru zvinogamuchirika. Haasi kutaura pamusoro overpopulation. Pashure pezvose, zvakafanana mufananidzo ndizvo kuti dzimwe nyika dzokuEurope.

Asi avhareji hazviratidzi mamiriro chaiwo. Munyika mune munzvimbo dzinenge hapana anogara uye hwevanhu 21,000 paminiti mativi kiromita muna Macau.

Hafu nyika iri kushanda pasingagarwi. Chinese vanhu vanogara rwizi nembiya, yakaorera mumapani. Uye yemugomo Tibet, murenje kuna Gobi uye Taklamakan anenge asina misha.

National Zvinoumba VOKUPARIDZIRA uye mutauro

Nyika musha vemunyika dzakasiyana. Most vokuparidzira anofunga pachayo iri Hans. Asi mukuwedzera kwavari, 55 dzinza mutsauko China vake. Marudzi pakukura - Zhuang, chiManchu, Tibetan, muduku vazhinji - the frontal.

Tumitauro munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana munyika vari zvakare zvakasiyana. Musiyano pakati pavo rakakura zvokuti mugari wokumaodzanyemba China haadi kunzwisisa North. Asi munyika pane National putunha mutauro. Chinese vagari kutamira munzvimbo nenzvimbo,, tinosungirwa neImba nayo, kudzivisa kutaurirana matambudziko.

Kazhinji munyika Mandarin kana Beijing mutauro. Rinogona kunzi rinogona kutsiva putunhe. Pashure Mandarin ane 70% vemo.

Religion uye zvinotendwa vokuparidzira

Kubva pakati pezana remakore XX mu China sapamazuva yechiKomonisiti mamiriro, haana kutambirwa kutevera zvavo zvechitendero uye dzidziso. Kusatendera aiva mukuru dzidziso.

Asi kubva 1982 pakanga nokuchinja nyaya iyi. Bumbiro rakanyorwa kodzero rwokunamata. The zvitendero Inonyanya pano vari chiConfucian, chiBhudha uye chiTao. Asi yakakurumbira sezvo chiKristu, chiIslam, chiJudha.

Maguta pakukura

In China, yakawanda mumaguta makuru. The Vagari nyika iyi haina urbanized. Asi apo anotanga kuvaka guta, inokura kuti kukura rakanga rakakura, izvo rinounza pamwechete vazhinji dzinogarwa, bhizimisi, wezvokutengeserana, maindasitiri uye dzine zvokurima. Somuenzaniso, Chongqing. Ndicho kupfuura mumiririri maguta aya. Maererano 2014 ayo vemo vanhu mamiriyoni 29 of. nharaunda yayo anenge akaenzana nzvimbo Austria uye 82400 mativi makiromita.

Mamwe maguta makuru vari Shanghai, Tianjin, Harbin, Guangzhou uye, chokwadi, Beijing, guta guru China.

Peking

The Chinese dana Beijing Beytszin. Izvi anoshandura kuchamhembe guta. Urban magadzirirwo inoratidza nyore geometry. Migwagwa nezvatinovavarira dzenyika.

Beijing - capital of China uye rimwe zvinofadza zvikuru maguta munyika. mwoyo wake Tiananmen Square. Ashandurwa zvinoreva "Gedhi Peace voKudenga." Chivako huru pamusoro pachivara - the mausoleum pamusoro Mao Zedong.

An dzinokosha chinokosha Guta wakarambidzwa. Inonzi National Palace. Chinhu chakanaka uye kare wamambo yakaoma.

No zvishoma kunakidza uye Summer Palace Yuanminyuan. Izvi bindu-yamambo zvivako. Vari inoshamisa aibatanidza vakasiyana nzizi, ichiyevedza mabhiriji, nemapopoma, dzinogarwa zvivako. Zvomumhepo zvinoshamisa kuwirirana uye pfungwa kubatana pakati murume uye hunhu.

In guru, pane temberi dzakawanda dzakadai kufamba sezvo chiBuddha, chiConfucia, chiTao dzechitendero. Mumwe wavo zvikuru inonakidza. Uyu Temberi Heaven Tian Tan. Ndiye chete chivako wechitendero tenderera chimiro. It ane akasiyana rusvingo. Kana ukati shoko nezvazvo, kunyange quietest zevezeve, zvichava rakapararira kureba kwayo.

Uyewo chaikoshawo itembere husingaperi nerunyararo Lama. It Lamaist dzechitendero marongerwo. Pane chidhori Buddha, wakavezwa kubva chete hunde sandalwood. Its kureba 23 mamita.

In Beijing, inoshanda yakawanda mumamiziyamu. Zvikurukuru kuoneka National Art Gallery. It dzimba huru wemabhuku Chinese painting. No dzinonakidza zvishoma ndiye Museum National History, izvo zvinogona kurondwa kusvikira China kukura.

Kukwezva ndiye Wangfujing Street. Iyi inzvimbo zvomusi vanofamba pakati zvose revashanyi vomunzvimbo yacho. Street nyaya yakatanga makore anopfuura 700 apfuura. Iye zvino reconstructed. Mugwagwa iri muna zvitoro centre. It uchinyatsobatanidzwa rinobatanidza yekare uye ano tsika.

Near Beijing Great Wall kunotanga. With payo, ruzhinji rwevanhu uye akabatanidza nyika. Izvi mamiriro chikuru. It Anotambanudza nokuti 67.000? Km. Kuvakwa rusvingo yakatora makore anopfuura 2,000.