Conductive Fabric: STRUCTURAL zvinhu

Anenge zvose zvipuka zvine masero akawanda zvinenge akaumbwa rakasiyana-siyana tishu. Zviri muunganidzwa masero, zvakafanana mamiriro pamwe zvakafanana mabasa. Zvinomera nemhuka, havasi zvakafanana.

A-siyana munyama zvipenyu

Pakutanga micheka zvose zvinogona kukamurwa mhuka uye miriwo. Zvakasiyana. Ngatitarisei pavo.

Chii chingava mhuka tishu?

Mhuka dziri vakadaro tishu mhando:

• huta;
• tsandanyama;
• epithelial;
• kubatanidza.

All asi okutanga rakakamurwa mhando. Muscle rinenge risina mvere, striated uye mwoyo. Epithelial rakakamurwa chete-layered, multilayered - zvichienderana neuwandu akaturikidzana, uyewo cubic, cylindrical uye planar - zvichienderana muchitokisi chimiro. Connective zvinyama dzinobatanidza mhuka dzakadai nzenza faibha, rakasimba faibha, reticular, ropa uye node, mafuta, mapfupa uye shwashwa.

A siyana chirimwa munyama

Dyarai munyama zvinosanganisira marudzi anotevera:

• hombe;
• chifukidzo;
• conductive jira;
• zvemaziso;
• edzidzo.

mhando dzose kuti chirimwa munyama vanobatanidza akawanda mhuka. Saka, mukuru hanya kuitwa inochengeterwa, mvura-kubereka uye pneumatic. Kuvanza jira aibatanidza mhuka dzakadai nemakwati, koko uye Epiderme e. By kuitisa zvinyama ndivo xylem uye phloem. Manual rakakamurwa collenchyma uye sclerenchyma. Kusanganisira dzidzo divi, apical uye intercalary.

micheka All vanoita zvimwe mashandiro, uye mamiriro avo anoenderana basa ravanoita. Nyaya iyi ichakurukurwa zvikuru conductive jira, ari STRUCTURAL zviri masero ayo. Uyewo kutaura mabasa ayo.

Conductive Fabric: STRUCTURAL zvinhu

micheka aya rakakamurwa mhando vaviri phloem uye xylem. Sezvo vari vaviri aumba kubva chete meristem, ari chirimwa dziri pedyo nepedyo. Zvisinei, urongwa kuitisa munyama kwemarudzi maviri akasiyana. Ngatimbotaura zvakawanda pamusoro nezvemarudzi maviri conductive munyama.

Mabasa micheka conductive

Chavainyanya basa - the chokufambisa kuti zvinhu. Zvisinei, mashandiro Micheka conductive, kwete kuva zvakafanana kwemarudzi akasiyana.

Basa xylem - akatakura namakemikari zvinogadzirisa kubva mudzi kusvikira zvose nedzimwe nhengo dzose chirimwa.

A phloem basa - kuitisa zvinwiwa negwara risiri - kubva dzakananga nhengo hwomuti achitevedza hunde pasi pamudzi.

Chii xylem?

Aivawo akataura nezverimwe matanda. Mucheka conductive izvi mhando ine mbiri dzakasiyana anoitisa zvinhu: tracheids uye nemidziyo. Uyewo rinoumbwa zvemaziso zvinhu - huni faibha, uye zvinokosha - huni parenchyma.

Chii nemamiriro xylem masero?

Masero jira conductive vari rakakamurwa mhando mbiri: tracheids nemidziyo zvikamu. Tracheids - iyi yakareba chaizvo keji pamwe hworugare masvingo, umo mune pores nokuda chokufambisa kuti zvinhu.

Wechipiri conductive maatomu akafanana masero - mudziyo - ine masero akawanda, izvo zvinonzi zvikamu midziyo. Masero aya akaronga chimwe pamusoro mumwe. The junctions ari mapazi eumambo mudziyo chete ndivo kuburikidza makomba. Ndivo vakadanwa perforations. makomba izvi zvakakosha kuti chokufambisa kuti zvinhu kuburikidza nhumbi. Kufambira negadziriso siyana midziyo iri nokukurumidza zvikuru kudarika tracheids.

Masero vose conductive nhengo vakafa uye risina protoplasts (protoplasts - zvirimo masero kunze muchitokisi rusvingo, i.e. ndicho chinoumba sero Kamudzira uye organelles). Protoplasts akanga asipo, sokunge vari Sedendere kutakurirwa kuti zvinhu zvaizova zvakaoma zvikuru.

By midziyo uye tracheids mhinduro vanogona zvifambiswe kwete vertically chete asiwo yakatambarara - kurarama masero kana pedyo conductive okunze.

Madziro conductive zvinhu vane thickening, iyo kupa keji simba. Zvichienderana mhando Data thickenings conductive zvinhu zviri rakakamurwa zononoka, annelids, manera, yepasi uye dot pore.

Zvokuimba basa uye zvinokosha zviri xylem

Wood fibers vanonziwo librioformom. Izvi elongated kureba muzvitokisi izvo thickened masvingo odrevesenevshimi. Ivo vanoita rutsigiro kushanda kupa simba xylem.

Zvemamiriro nechepasi jira iri xylem parenchyma akapa matanda. Ndivo masero pamwe Woody goko, iyo inopa nyore pores. Zvisinei, panzvimbo parenchyma mumasero kubatana kuti mudziyo rinenge bordered kuenda iyo kwakabatana yayo nyore dzimwe nguva. Wood parenchyma masero, kusiyana, hapana chinhu midziyo masero. Vane protoplasts. Xylem parenchyma anoita negadziriro yeparutivi basa - kwake stocking muviri.

Chii chinosiyanisa xylem miti yakasiyana?

Sezvo tracheids mhindumupindu akasimuka ipapa kupfuura dzose, conductive masangano varipo munyika ezasi zvinomera. spore ichi (ferns, mosses, tsvimbo mosses, horsetails). gymnosperms Most vanewo chete tracheids. Zvisinei, vamwe gymnosperms pane midziyo (ivo varipo vari gnetalians). Uyewo, pane asina nguva, zvinhu izvi varipo, uye vamwe ferns uye horsetails.

Asi angiosperms (maruva) zvinomera zvose vane tracheids uye nemidziyo.

Chii phloem?

Mucheka conductive kwakadai anonzi phloem.

The chikuru Chikamu phloem - nesefa conductive okunze. Uyewo mune chipo mamiriro bast zvemaziso zvinhu (phloem fibers) uye zvinhu zvitsigiro jira (phloem parenchyma).

Features iyi mhando conductive jira iri yokuti masero nesefa okunze, sezvo anodzivisa conductive zvinhu xylem arambe ari mupenyu.

Sechivako nomusero zvinhu

Kune mhando mbiri kwavari: nesefa masero uye nomusero sepombi. Chokutanga rwakatambanudzwa pakureba uye vataura kumugumo. Vari rakapinda kuburikidza mumakomba, kuburikidza icho pane chokufambisa kuti zvinhu. Nomusero masero zvakawanda chinyakare pane zvipuka zvine masero akawanda nomusero zvinhu. Ndivo manyorerwo miti akadai Spore uye gymnosperms.

In angiosperms conductive zvinhu zviri kukurukurwa nomusero sepombi, ina muzvizhinji masero - pakati mapazi eumambo nomusero zvinhu. The kuburikidza mumwena masero maviri pedyo vanoumba nesefa ndiro.

Kusiyana nomusero masero, akataura STRUCTURAL vamapoka zvipuka zvine masero akawanda conductive zvinhu hazvina makirisito, asi ivo vachiri vapenyu. Basa rinokosha iri nemamiriro phloem pakati angiosperms inoitawo Klek-shamwari, nahodyatschiesya pedyo neimwe sero chidimbu kubva nomusero zvinhu. The shamwari iri zvose organelles uye mwoyo. Mavari pane kupanana zvinhu.

Yandakapiwa phloem masero pakurarama, ichi zvinyama conductive havagoni kushanda kwenguva refu. In perennial chirimwa munguva upenyu aro matatu nemana, pashure izvo masero ari vascular tishu kufa.

Zvimwe zvinhu zviri phloem

Masero Uyezve nesefa kana sepombi, munewo zvemamiriro chinokosha uye zvemaziso okunze ari conductive jira. Ekupedzisira vanomirirwa bast (phloem) fibers. Ivo kuita nokutsigira chaitika. Havasi zvinomera zvose vane phloem fibers.

Zvimwe zvinhu zviri Mucheka dzinomiririrwa phloem parenchyma. Iye, uyewo xylem parenchyma, anoita negadziriro yeparutivi basa. It stocking zvinhu zvakadai tannins, Inogadzirwa nemasiridzi anobuda mumiti uye nevamwe. Zvikurukuru dzakabudirira zvinhu izvi vane phloem gymnosperms.

nemakwati chomukati siyana kwemarudzi zvinomera

KuLow- miriwo yakadai ferns uye mosses, nayo anomiririrwa nesefa masero. Chete mukati nemakwati ndizvo kuti vakawanda gymnosperms.

Angiosperm zvinomera zvipuka zvine masero akawanda conductive zvinhu: nesefa sepombi.

Sechivako achitungamirira gadziriro zvinomera

Xylem uye phloem tinongogara akaronga parutivi uye chimiro mwanda. Zvichienderana sei nezvemarudzi maviri conductive jira vanosarudzirwa hama kune mumwe, pane mhando zvakawanda namatanda. Zvikuru kakawanda rubatso. Ivo akaronga kuita kuti phloem uri rumwe xylem.

Panewo concentric matanda. Mavari imwe jira conductive runopoteredza mumwe. Vari rakakamurwa mhando mbiri: tsentrofloemnye uye tsentroksilemnye.

Mucheka conductive ane mudzi kacho TOUR matanda. Ivo xylem mwaranzi vakatsauka kubva pakati, uye phloem iri pakati xylem mwaranzi.

mwanda rubatso ndizvo zvinowanzoitika kuti angiosperms uye concentric - nokuti spore uye gymnosperms.

Mhedziso: Kuenzanisa nezvemarudzi maviri micheka conductive

Somunhu mhedziso, ratinoparidza tafura umo rakapfupikiswa zvinokosha Data nezvezvikwata zviviri conductive munyama zvinomera.

Zvino kuti unoziva zvose pamusoro kuitisa munyama zvinomera: zvavari, chii mashandiro anoitwa uye sei kuvaka masero dzavo.