Country Music

Country mumhanzi, mumwe zvikuru nevanhu siyana zvokuimba America, haasi zvakajeka. Zvakatanga senzira manzwiro uye kuchinja kwakaitika pakati chena vanogara vanogara mumaruwa kumavirira uye kumaodzanyemba United States mukupera kwezana remakore rechi19 - mukutanga kwezana remakore rechi20.

Maererano rinozivikanwa nyika mumhanzi wenhau Bill Malone, pevairwara mimhanzi chimiro rave rokusimudzira zvokutengeserana uye rinonyatsotarira guta, somugumisiro iyo kwakaonekwa guru umambo zvinovaraidza mishumo romunharaunda, zvemagariro, uye tsika nemiganhu.

Stylistically nyika mumhanzi subgenres dzinosanganisira: wokumavirira, yokumadokero famba, Sora rinowawa, chevarwere, mwoyo uye Dixieland, yodel, Pop vocals. Munguva dzazvino izwi rinoshandiswa kutsanangura zvitaera zvakawanda uye subgenres.

Music rinoitwa zvikurukuru pamusoro tambo: banjo, gitare-Fiddle, mandolin, acoustic uye yemagetsi gitare. senzira harmonica.

Pakutanga zvakanga anongonzi "chevarwere mumhanzi» (hillbilly mumhanzi).

Shoko rokuti "nyika mumhanzi" (kumaruwa) akatanga kushandiswa, sezvo 1940s, kuti zviparadzanise kubva kukura zvakafanana pamusoro pevairwara mumhanzi pamwe chete nemidzi - nziyo uye ballads Anglo-Celtic vatama. Pasinei chokwadi kuti South uye North America aiva chete kwokunze simba kumatunhu maviri taumba zvakasiyana chaizvo okuruka mumhanzi. In rwezasi, vanhu vakagara Appalachia uye kure neyamapani dzoga, kuchengetedza achabatira tsika nevamwe vavo. Nekuipira dzidzo, varaidzo, kushaya kubatana dzimwe nzvimbo vanhu vari ndanyarara hangu nokuda mumhanzi, kuimba nokutamba. Asi vakaimba avo kwete chete kuunzwa kwavo nhoroondo yokumusha. Pahwaro yavo ruzivo, ivo akasika nziyo itsva munyika Style, chikuru yemisoro yaiva zviitiko chaidzo uye idealized zvinomiririra: zvakaoma, motifs echiPurotesitendi, mumaruwa romanticism, rudo, hope nguva huru.

Sezvo kumaodzanyemba uye vokumadokero nedunhu America vari rakakamurwa wandei Sub-kumatunhu, pane wokumaodzanyemba maitiro kwete chete. musicians White aiva pasi pokudzora dzimwe tsika, kunyanya Negro, Mexican, Cajun mapoka Sub-kwemadzinza (kumaodzanyemba Louisiana).

Pakazosvika 1920s, "wokumaodzanyemba mumhanzi" achiri asingazivikanwi vamwe nyika, pasinei nokuti yakatanga kuzviita.

Vongai chete nokugadzirwa kwakaitwa redhiyo voga yakatyoka, uye iye akaridza munyika. Vatambi munyika mumhanzi aitamba naye avanoziva nenziyo, hurukuro pamusoro nyore uye zvinofadza. Wokutanga yeredhiyo kuti kutepfenyurwa ari "Southern Rwiyo" muna 1922, yakanga iri Georgia. The rwiyo wokutanga mukuru manyorero nyika anoonekwa kuti «The zvishoma yekare cherogi kabhini ari mukoto» ( « The zvishoma yekare cherogi imba yemapuranga mukoto"), rakanyorwa muna 1871 uye akanyorwa pamusoro rekodhi Fiddinom Johnny Carson muna 1924.

Asi vakawanda vezvakaitika kare vanoti 1927, apo nyeredzi ramangwana Dzhimmi Rodzhers akaita ake chitarisiko muredhiyo rokutanga.

Munguva 1930s, apo America kwakanga kuchiita dzakaoma yakafanira kune Kuderera Kukuru uye anotyisa madutu guruva, inonzi "Guruva Bowl", nyika mumhanzi inofananidzirwa vanhu kurota pamusoro nguva yekare Wild West, pamusoro dzorudo, rusununguko.