Dysgraphia: chii. Dysgraphia muvana

Zvichida vaverengi akasangana rokuti "dysgraphia". Chii, sei chinoratidza pacharo? Ko dysgraphia chirwere, uye sei kuti kuchiparadza? Mibvunzo yose iyi tinoedza kupindura munyaya ino.

Definition of dyslexia uye dysgraphia

The okuti "dysgraphia" uye "dyslexia" mukurapa anoratidza zvakananga nezvinetso kuverenga nekunyora. Murume Pakadaro, nezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana, havagoni kunyora zvakarurama uye verenga zvakatsetseka. Zvisinei, kutyorwa izvi hazvifaniri kuvhiringidzwa zvakadai ezvokurapa sezvo agraphia uye Alexia, izvo vanomiririra kutadza rakazara murwere matombo aya mabasa.

Kazhinji, dysgraphia kunosanganisira kuvhiringidzika dzakakwirira mupfungwa basa, ndivo unyanzvi hwokunyora. It zvinowanzooneka chipinganidzo chikuru kuverenga uye mutauro.

VaBennett dysgraphia muvana

Kunyora kunzwa mazano, munhu haafaniri chete kurangarira kuti kunyora mashoko tsamba neimwe, asi chengeta zvinoreva mashoko uye kurangarira kutevedzana kwezviitiko delimitation yavo. Kana mwana ane zvinetso zviri differentiating manzwi avo emashoko, pachisara kwetunhu, kana ari mufananidzo spatial, zvinoreva kuti iye anogona kutanga kukura dysgraphia.

In vana, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, kutyorwa zvakadai uye zvinogona majini kutsunga. Vatsvakurudzi vazhinji kudzidza zvinokonzera dambudziko, tenda kuti kukura waro zvikuru kuchinjwa pathological zvinhu chiito mwana ari mudumbu uye pashure pokuberekwa.

Uyezve, dysgraphia inogona runyararo somatic zvirwere uye musoro kunotevera. An rinokosha iri kuridzwa ne dhefisiti pakati pedu kutaurirana mwana, ake pedagogical hanya, etc. Sezvineiwo, mune mitauro miviri mhuri akanyorawo dzakawanda zviitiko dysgraphia muvana.

Dysgraphia: chii uye sei kunoratidzwa

Mwana chirwere dysgraphia kazhinji zvakaoma pakatangwa kutevedzana kunyora mashoko, iro rinoita nokukurumidza chiperengo deceleration kana kudzidza, asi zvakanaka nokukurumidza mail.

Dzimwe mhosva dysgraphia vari kuvhiringidzika kukwanisa ribude nokuona mashoko - Vana vari nyore kuyeuka, uye ipapo kutamba mukabhuku zvaakaona. Mumamiriro ezvinhu umo havasi kupatsanura anzwa nemitinhimira, sezvo panenyongano kunyora kwavo.

Zvinoumba dysgraphia kuratidzwa

Dysgraphia muvana kazhinji pachena zvikanganiso ari kunyora tsamba vari achigona, zvakadai lefy panzvimbo kuruboshwe, kana kunyange kusiya tsamba pfupi shoko? Km panzvimbo pake, etc. Panguva apo kwakajairika chiperengo zvikanganiso kuchengetwa runyoro tsamba iyo vari simba nzvimbo: malako panzvimbo mukaka, etc.

Mukuwedzera:

• mwana kwete chete skips tsamba mabhii, asi rearranges nzvimbo dzavo (panzvimbo onco hwindo);
• unogona kutsiva shoko zvakafanana. inzwi;
• Anowedzera shoko yokuwedzera tsamba mabhii (detiti, Komanata);
• inokanganisa mufananidzo yakajeka tsamba (semuenzaniso, girazi-kunyora tsamba c, e, W);
• Hazvina kusiyanisa aiwanzopiwa wokushanda nemavara (nokuti iye akashandisa imwe inzwi-p kana peji-mu);
• zvikanganiso anobvuma, husingakwanisi kwenguva refu, pasina kupera zvatinokanganisa.

All zvezviratidzo izvi kunofanira zvinovakurudzira vabereki, suspecting mwana wavo dysgraphia, pakarepo bvunza chiremba wechikadzi achindidzidzisa kutaura.

The chikuru siyana dysgraphia

Zvichienderana kunyongana hwakaratidza dysgraphia rakakamurwa dzakawanda.

Saka, pane articulatory-acoustic dysgraphia, kuitika pamusoro colour yacho achinja zvukoproiznosheniya. Mwana, sezvo mutemo pane izvi, kunyora mashoko sezvo anoti Somuenzaniso: lyba pachinzvimbo hove kana akakwanisa pachinzvimbo nokuomba.

Dysgraphia acoustic inozivikanwa pakutsiva ne kunyora rinonzwika vachiridza zvakafanana (d-t, That-s, w-W, etc.). Panguva iyoyo achitaura mwana wakarurama.

Agrammaticheskaya dysgraphia kunoratidzwa muna nezvinetso Kufambisa mashoko. Asi zvinofadza kuti ichi kuitika chete kunyora, asi panguva imwe chete mwana zvakarurama ndizvo. Somuenzaniso, anogona kunyora pasina kufunga chero mhando, hapana kufa: a amai yakanaka kana mumugwagwa. Nenzira, kuti kutyora mhando iyi kazhinji dzakaonekwa kare giredhi 3rd, apo vadzidzi vanotanga kudzidza nyaya.

Pane chinhu Manyiminya dysgraphia, iyo inozivikanwa nokuva havachanyatsogoni kutarisana kuongorora. Mwana hazvisi anenge asingadi kuona musiyano pakati tsamba kunyora zvinhu zvakafanana. Problem chikonzero C uye H ^, uye R, L, N kana E uye G, uye zvakafanana. In musimboti ichi, rugwaro rwakanyorwa nemaoko tsamba: p-t mu-d, L-m, uye br, and unto.

Asi zvikuru kakawanda kutyorwa mitauro kuongorora uye kwetunhu. Mwana haagoni kupedza kunyora shoko uye nyora Zvireva mwene pamwe chete kana vakaparadzana inonyaradza (pamwe kufamba wokurera), skip tsamba uye rose mabhii, kurongazve navo kana kuti kudzokorora.

Ko dysgraphia akazvimirira chirwere, uye kana kunogona

Tinogona kutaura takasununguka, mukutaura nechirwere "dysgraphia", hachisi yakazvimirira chirwere, sezvazvakanyorwa kazhinji pamwe pakati chetsinga chirwere vamwe mhando, kunzwa vanotaura, locomotor gadziriro, auditory kana kutarisana analyzer.

Mukana wokudzivisa dambudziko pamusoro - ichiri mubvunzo rakashama. Nyanzvi dzinodavira kuti Kudzivirira dysgraphia hazvibviri pfungwa, nokuti mushonga ano, hapana kunyatsonzwisisa zvinokonzera chirwere ichi. Asi chaizvoizvo kuziva ngozi ndiyo dysgraphia chaiye kana yayo mangwanani zviratidzo vasati vapinda chikoro, izvo zvinogona aivabatsira zvikuru kurwa naro.

Ivo anowanzoita zvinosanganisira vana kubva mitauro miviri mhuri retrained lefthanders, vana zvaipesana ekuteerera playback, uyewo yevasungwa uye ndangariro. Vanhu ava vanofanira kuratidza matauriro chiremba uye kutakura navo muedzo chaiwo kuti kukwanisa kutanga panongovira kururamiswa zvinogoneka.

Ndinogona sei dysgraphia

Kururamiswa dysgraphia - ndiko, kupfuura zvose, kushanda pamwe chete vabereki, vadzidzisi uye anokwanisa kutaura chiremba, sezvo mhamha nababa pachavo havazokwanisi kugadzirisa dambudziko iri.

Zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti kana mwana ane zvinetso mukutaura, ipapo dysgraphia kururamiswa kunotanga emashoko kururamiswa!

Makirasi zvinoitiswa chiremba wechikadzi achindidzidzisa kutaura kubudikidza dzakabudirira hurongwa. Kuti aite izvi, kushandisa dzakasiyana kutaura mitambo, uye chaiyo arufabheti nokuda kumbopeta mashoko uye zvivakamutauro zvinhu yavaive yavo.

Mwana ari kudzidza vanofanira kudzidza madudzirwo nemitinhimira, uye chii tsamba anoenderana. Speech anozadzika kukambaira mutsauko pakati zvakaoma uye munyoro kana unvoiced uye vataura nenzwi mataurirwo, yokungodzokorora mashoko, achida kuti tsanangurai mitinhimira uye kurira chokuongorora sezvamunoita vakasarudzwa nearufabheti mashoko, etc.

Kazhinji vana kunobatsira kushandisa nokuona zvinhu nomusoro Zvekare zvimiro zvemhashu zvakaita tsamba, akadai "O" - Bagel kana putira "F" - mumwe enhunzi, "C" - the kirisendi.

Dysgraphia: zviitwa kuti kururamiswa

Kuti abudirire kukunda dambudziko vanoverengeka anokosha muviri.

1. Somuenzaniso, mwana akakumbirwa govera mamwe mabhii ari akanyorwa. Nokuti vakasarudzwa chinyorwa ichi Kuchifinha kuti mwana vashoma ndima, uye makuru anodhinda, izvo zvinganaka kuyambuka mashoko, somuenzaniso, vose tsamba "munhu", ipapo - ose tsamba "O" uye zvichingodaro. Masikati, pachiitwa ichi inopedzwa hapana kupfuura maminitsi 5. Papera vhiki, unogona kuomesa basa: mwana akakumbirwa govera 2 mabhii, netambo noko uye mumwe chero kana kusimbisa. Vakasarudzwa "mapatya" tsamba, ndivo kuti mwana nokuvhiringidza paainyora (vari kazhinji kuti kuwanikwa, Ndanyatsomuongorora nokushanda kwenyu mudzidzi notibhuku).
2. Iva nechokwadi kuti kududza tsamba nemashoko kuteerera ruzha kuti zvisina kutaurwa se kunyorwa. Ndiko, tinoti, "simbi stayal kufshyn" uye kunyora nayo, mwana anofanira kudzokorora "On patafura yaiva chirongo" (kureva tsamba kunyorwa). Chinhu chikuru - regai kukanganwa "izwi" uye mugumo weshoko, sezvo dysgraphia vechikoro kazhinji hworatidza nedopisyvaniem mashoko mugumo usati.
3. Zvakakosha chaizvo kudzidzisa manyorerwo. Kuti aite izvi mukabhuku mubhokisi vane mwana kunyora kuti tsamba nerimwe shoko mukavaisa chete mumwe masero uye mairi zvose.

A mashoko mashoma pamusoro nzira Mazanovoy E. V.

Zvakakwana tsanangura basa nevana nechirwere "dysgraphia" Mazanova EV nemabasa vakazvipira mhando dzakasiyana chirwere ichi. Nokuti mumwe nomumwe wavo mudzidzisi uye chiremba wechikadzi achindidzidzisa kutaura muchikwata soro zvakagadzirirwa anodzidzisa uye mavara Workbook uye Albums. The nenyanzvi Munyori uyu zvinonzi nevakawanda kushandiswa nenyanzvi kuti kurovedza hunoshanda, uye muuye, kutonga nezvinooneka wongororo, chaihwo kubudirira.

Somuenzaniso, Mazanova mazano nokuti nani nomusoro nzira chaiyoiyo kupa vana vavo sculpt kubva plasticine, achinyora mudenga, kuronda ari gandiwa ari yapera, edza kuwana kusiyana optically akafanana tsamba kuwana imwe tsamba kana kushandisa mifananidzo akawanda pamusoro mumwe, etc.

Asi pasinei pachena kudekara Kuwanikwa uye unyanzvi akagadzirirwa dysgraphia kururamiswa, tinoda kuwana pfungwa vabereki kuti Muperekedzi pasina nguva yokubvunza nyanzvi ine mwana achitambura nechirwere ichi, hazvina musoro. Ucharasikirwa nguva inokosha uye vawane usingashandi zvabuda!

A shoma mazano vabereki

Kana mwana wako aine dysgraphia, rega tuka naye zvikanganiso zvake, regai kuita nguva yakawanda kuti nyorazve mashoko, zvimwe uchawana kuwana chete kukambaira chokwadi muna mano avo, uye akagaramo nezvavasingadi kunyora uye kuverenga. Iva nechokwadi kuti varumbidze mwana wako kuti ubudirire ose, asi kwete overpraise. Mukuwedzera, regai anoratidza simba hanya dambudziko zvaitika, kuti arege kuva nomwana pfungwa vasingakoshi.

Inofanira munyaya nechirwere kuti "dysgraphia", kureva kuti ave mutemo, mamiriro ayo anovandudza yakanaka kutarisana ndangariro (somunhu yaitsiva ndiko kuremara), saka vana ava havafaniri kupa zviitwa apo unofanira kugadzirisa zvikanganiso pakutanga. Izvi zvinogona kuva mwana "munhu kuvakuvadza chaizvo".

Dictations Pakadaro zvakanyorwa zvishoma nezvishoma, madudzirwo zvose tsamba uye nyora dzomutauro vasati kunyora, uye ipapo panguva nayo.

Kudzivirira kukura dysgraphia vanoda chikoro zera asati

Vabereki zvinokosha chaizvo kurangarira kuti dysgraphia uye dyslexia regai simuka pakarepo! Uye kushanda kugadzirisa pathologies izvi zvinofanira kuitwa kwete kuchikoro zera, kana mwana acharatidza kukwira chaizvo nezvinetso girama uye chiperengo, uye refu isati yatanga kudzidziswa.

Kana mwana ane mugove misprints uye zvikanganiso mukabhuku, uye kunyange nekutarisisa mwoyo mutemo, zvichiri asingakwanisi yoashandisa tsamba, vanofanira kuenda chiremba wechikadzi achindidzidzisa kutaura. In chidzidzo chokutanga, achaita kuziva mhando dysgraphia, zvinoitwa Chokwadi mwana wayo wako, uye ipapo chete kupa boka kurovedza kurigadzirisa.

Chikanganiso kuti vana ava hazvigoni kukunda pasina chero kugadzirisa inokosha. Kuigadzira nenzira yakaoma, izvo tinofanira kushivirira yenyu nokutsungirira tikurire dambudziko. Rombo rakanaka!