Dzakananga kupisa vanokwanisa mhepo. ehupfumi zvokunyama zvinhu

mumhepo yakatipoteredza inoita basa rinokosha muupenyu chaivo zvipenyu agare panyika Earth. Asi basa kwevanhu inobatanidzwa siyana kwezvinhu urongwa, akaratidza pfuma vari muchikwata che magasi zvazviri zvinokosha. Akanga pasi kunyatsodzidza pamusoro penyaya mumuviri zvivako. Panguva kuedza, vanhu vaizivikanwa ehupfumi dzedenga, zvimwe zvinhu zvavo uye dependencies.

Kuoma kushanda pamwe mhepo ndechokuti munhu heterogeneous fuma, uye zvinorigadzirisa ane hombe nhamba yenhengo. Asi zvose zvakafanana rakatsiga nhengo rwayo aripo.

Natural resipi chinokosha gasi (mhepo) unotora munhu substantially kugadzikana akagadzirwa ingredients. To musi, vane zvinotevera pauwandu hweavo: senitrogen anopindura 78 muzana okisijeni - 20, carbon dioxide - 0,03 muzana. The hwemvura uye mamwe magasi uye kunyange nezvimedu chikukutu ipi pamusoro hafu muzana. Dzakananga kupisa vanokwanisa mhepo ndiyo runotsamira kwete chete pane dzimwe mumuviri zvinhu, asi dzinosiyana-siyana zvichienderana womukati kugutsikana (sezvamunoita) gasi.

The muunganidzwa uye kuongorora umboo pamusoro thermodynamic ehupfumi mhepo yakapera mapoka basa mumarabhoritari makuru enyika. Zvidzidzo izvi zvinobva kuna pamugumo XIX remakore uye ari kushingaira akaramba kusvikira nhasi. zvabuda dzavo anoshandiswa dzemaitirwe ose akasiyana-siyana simba uye mhepo kuparadzana miriwo, michina kuti makemikari indasitiri, uye dzimwe namano.

Dzakananga kupisa mhepo chinhu chinokosha chinoratidza chitsama kupisa simba kuti inofanira kupedzerwa mumwe kilogram pamusoro gasi kuchinja tembiricha rayo nomumwe dhigirii (Kelvin). Kupiwa kutsamira ari kare mutengo iyi zvinhu zvizhinji ouinjiniya zvinangwa vari calculators siyana uye pamatafura. Inoratidza kuti dzakananga kupisa mhepo zvichienderana tembiricha kana mwando.

Nokuti kunzwisisa nyaya iyi iri nani, kuedza yaiitwa, nokuti iyo yakanga vaishandisa mhepo chakaoma anatswa carbon dioxide. Pakutanga pakutsvaga chaizvo kupisa pa kugara kumanikidzwa (CP), wechipiri pane kugara vhoriyamu (CV) uye zvakafanana zvinoratidza lämpömittari. Sezvineiwo, pane 0 ° CP ukoshi aiva 0,2402 Cal / d · wakaporesa, uye CV mumwechete gasi - 0,1713 Cal / d · wakaporesa. Nhamba tsika idzi kunopa zvinotevera thermodynamic parameter, iyo inokosha wethermodynamics.

Kuti tizive gasi chenguva (R) ngaaverenge musiyano nezvevamwe rinopisa gasi kuitwa kudzidza kugara kumanikidzwa (CP) uye panguva dzose vhoriyamu (CV). Zvinoreva mutengo ichi muviri kuziva kuwedzera basa Somuenzaniso, mumwe kilogram negasi (mhepo) nokuwedzera tembiricha rayo nomumwe dhigirii (Kelvin).

In zvapfuura kuedza takadzidza ehupfumi mhepo rakaoma chaiko. In tsika chaiyo zvakakodzera kufungawo chikamu chiutsi mairi (mwando). Dzakananga kupisa mhepo ine imwe mari mvura (chiutsi) ine nedoro uye muenzaniso kuchinja.

Nyoro mhepo razova musoro mirayiridzo tsvakurudzo chaiko, nokuti hwemvura tigutsikane mairi ane kukanganisa dzinoverengeka mumuviri uye kunyange makemikari kwendangariro. zvipenyu hakuna anosara. mwando shanduko hazvirevi chete kukanganisa microclimate ezvinhu kwakavakirwa (mahofisi, okudhindira, mumarabhoritari), asi anewo kukanganisika nomudonzvo kunyatsoshanda, kuchengeteka vanoverengeka zvinhu, uye kunyange kushanda nevamwe namano.

Kwete mashoko chokwadi, asi kutsvaka nzira dzakasiyana kufurira zvivako dzedenga inyaya kutsvakurudza. Vane guru kukosha muminda siyana mabasa evanhu, kubvira makemikari indasitiri, kuti kuvakwa yokugara musha.