Dzechihedheni netsika pre-Christian Russia: tsananguro, tsika, tsika, uye zvinonakidza zvinhu

Pamberi kubhabhatidzwa Rus kumabvazuva Slavs vainamata vanamwari vakawanda vechihedheni. chitendero chavo uye mungano avasakadza munzira nezuva muupenyu. Slavs aiita vakawanda netsika uye zvinoitwa imwe nzira kana mumwe chokuita pantheon vanamwari kana midzimu yemadzitateguru.

Nhoroondo necheSalvic tsika dzechihedheni

Yekare Tsika pre-Christian Russia vechihedheni aiva midzi dzechitendero. Eastern Slavs aiva pachavo pantheon kwavo. Raisanganisira vazhinji vanamwari, izvo vakawanda inogona semidzimu hunhu simba. Tsika, tsika uye netsika Slavs hwaienzanirana ezvitendero chezvisikwa izvi.

Chimwe chiyero anokosha vanhu tsika yaiva karenda. Dzechihedheni netsika pre-Christian Russia kazhinji correlated pamwe musi chaiwo. Zvingava zororo kana zuva kunamata vamwe mwari. karenda akadaro akambochera pamusoro mazhinji. Zvishoma nezvishoma, akatanga dzinoenderana zvoupfumi kutenderera, umo vanhuwo zvavo kweRussia akararama.

Apo, muna 988, Grand Prince Vladimir Mukuru akabhabhatidzwa nyika yake, vanhu vakatanga zvishoma nezvishoma kukanganwa pamusoro vaimbova tsika dzavo vechihedheni. Zvechokwadi, muitiro uyu zvechiKristu akaenda zvakanaka kwete kwose kwose. Kazhinji vanhu vakarwira kwavaimboita pachipfuva. Zvisinei, kusvikira XII remakore zvechihedheni aiva Mugove mumapepanhau uye vakaraswa. Ukuwo, vamwe nemitambo yapfuura uye tsika vakakwanisa kuwana pamwe chiKristu uye kutora zvitsva chimiro.

kutumidza

Chii vaiva netsika dzechihedheni netsika uye kubatsira? The Slavs akavapa dzakadzama inoshanda pfungwa. Rites yakapoteredzwa ose mugari Russia zvose hwake pasinei rudzi aiva mubatanidzwa.

Chero achangoberekwa pakarepo pashure pokuberekwa kwake vakayambuka kutumidza tsika. Nokuti vahedheni kusarudza zita mwana wavo, zvaikosha. Nokuda zvaienderana njodzi munhu, saka vabereki vanogona tsunga pamwe kusarudza kwenguva refu. In mhemberero iyi paiva nomumwe zvaanoreva. Nyora munhu anovamba ukama nemhuri yake. Kazhinji anogona tsunga uko Slav nhangemutange.

Dzechihedheni netsika pre-Christian Russia vagara aiva nechimiro chokureva dzechitendero. Naizvozvo, kuitwa zita achangoberekwa vasingagoni kuitika pasina kutora chikamu kwevaMagi. nevaroyi izvi, maererano zvinodavirwa Slavs, vakakwanisa kutaura nemidzimu. Vakaisa pakusarudza vabereki, sokunge, "kubvumirana" yayo vanamwari yechihedheni pantheon. Pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, zita rusvava pakupedzisira wakaita achizivawo yekare necheSalvic kutenda.

Raskreschivanie

Kutumidza rekutanga fanira setsika kuburikidza izvo neimwe nhengo necheSalvic rudzi. Asi kupira kwaisava wokupedzisira, uye kwete chete chete. Chii chave tsika chiKristu chisati chatanga zvechihedheni yeRussia? Muchidimbu, kamwe vakange yakavakirwa vose zvitendero, ipapo paiva nomumwe setsika, izvo zvinoita kuti munhu adzoke kuna pachipfuva mai kutenda. Kupira uku anonzi dzakaitika raskreschivaniem.

Zvechokwadi, pakati Slavs nayo akagovera mukana kusiya chiKristu uye kudzokera chitendero yemadzitateguru avo. Kuti kucheneswa womutorwa nokutenda, zvakanga zvakakodzera kuti vaende kutemberi. Raiva zita temberi wechihedheni, zvakagadzirirwa kuitisa mhemberero. Nzvimbo idzi zvakavigwa kupfuura kure Masango Russia kana zviduku yemiorivhi iri inowanzorimwa wongoramba. Zvaidavirwa kuti pano, kure budiriro uye misha huru, Magi kukurukura vanamwari rakasimba zvikuru.

Munhu achida kusiya mutsva Greek mutorwa nokutenda, aifanira kuunza zvapupu zvitatu. Izvi achibvunzwa maererano nevahedheni kutsika chiKristu Russia. Grade 6 pachikoro, maererano chirongwa, kudzidza pamusoro rinongova zvechokwadi nguva. Slav vakapfugama uye muroyi nezvitsinga verenga - chikumbiro midzimu uye vanamwari aine chikumbiro kubvisa kwakarasika vedzinza pakusvibiswa. Panoperera mhemberero aifanira kuva nechokwadi kutora Dip murwizi pedyo (kana kutora nemvura) kupedza kupira vose mitemo. Kwakadaro vaiva ipapo kutsika. Vechihedheni dzidziso, mweya nzvimbo tsvene - ichi zvose zvakanga zvikuru zvose Slav. Naizvozvo raskreschivanie aiva kakawanda panowanikwa ari X-XI emakore. Ipapo vanhu saka ndichirairira pamusoro pamutemo Kiev State gwara zvainanga kutsiva zvechihedheni Orthodox Christianity.

muchato

The Slavs yekare Russia kwainzi pamuchato chiitiko kuti pakupedzisira akasimbisa panopindwa jaya kana mukadzi kunetsa. Uyezve, munhu asina mwana upenyu yaiva chiratidzo vasingakoshi, nokuti ichi kana murume kana mukadzi asingadi mberi rudzi rwake. hama idzi vakura kubatwa undisguised mhosva.

Dzechihedheni netsika pre-Christian Russia chakasiyana nevamwe mashoko, zvichienderana nharaunda uye dzokumaruwa mubatanidzwa. Kunyange zvakadaro, zvose zvinokosha chokufunga pamuchato vaiva nziyo. Vakaita zvakanaka pasi mahwindo eimba, iyo aifanira kutanga kurarama vachangoroorana. On mutambo tafura anofanira kuisa mabhanzi, makeke, mazai, doro uye waini. Huru vaitire yaiva chingwa muchato, izvo, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, yave chiratidzo zvakawanda uye pfuma mhuri ramangwana. Naizvozvo, chakabikwa chaiwo pezvose. Long wekuwana rwakatanga matchmaking. Panoperera muroori zvakafanira kubhadhara baba mwenga kuti rudzikinuro.

housewarming

mhuri dzose muduku yakatamira kumba kwavo. Chisarudzo pekugara muna Slavs vekare inokosha zvainobatsira. The ipapo mungano inosanganisira zvisikwa zvakawanda zvakaipa vave kukwanisa kutungamirira kuvadza imba. Naizvozvo, musha nzvimbo akasarudzwa nokungwarira kukuru. Kuti aite izvi, kushandisa mashiripiti kushopera. The yose Kupira anganzi tsika housewarming, pasina iro zvakanga zvisingaiti kufungidzira kutanga upenyu hwakazara chete akazviratidza mhuri.

tsika dzechiKristu uye tsika yechihedheni Rus pamusoro nguva rakada zvakanyatsobatana mumwe. Naizvozvo, tinogona kutaura nechivimbo kuti vamwe vekare vazorova yaiva mudunhu uye muruwa kusvikira XIX remakore. Pane nzira dzakawanda kuona kuti nzvimbo yakakodzera kuvaka dzimba. Aigona siya hari pausiku ane dandemutande mukati. Kana arthropod vairuka Utava, zvinoreva kuti nzvimbo rakakodzera. Uyewo kuedzwe kuchengeteka kushandisa mhou. Izvi zvakaitwa sezvinotevera. Mhuka nokufurira pamusoro yakafarikana zano. Nzvimbo mhou akarara pasi, uye akanzwa kufara kuti dumba itsva.

caroling

The Slavs vaiva yoga boka kunzi circumvention tsika. The kupfuura nomukurumbira wavo akafunga caroling. Kupira uku inoitwa pagore pavanoparidza kutanga kutenderera idzva zvegore. Vamwe dzechihedheni mitambo Slavs (necheSalvic mazororo mu Russia) akapona zvechiKristu munyika. Izvi zvakanga uye caroling. It anoramba zhinji zviri wechihedheni setsika yekare, kunyange zvazvo vakatanga yokunyatsochengeta nguva yeOrthodox Christmas Eve.

Asi kunyange Slavs akawanda ekare aiva tsika zuva kuungana mumapoka maduku, anotanga pavaigona kutora chikepe chaienda veko mumisha kunotsvaka Goodies. In kwakadaro, sezvo mutemo, chete vechiduku vakatora chikamu. Uyezve, kwaiva wavawo mutambo varaidzo. Kolyadovschiki ryadilis mu skomoroshnye masutu vakaidza imba yomuvakidzani, achivaudza namapoka avo nezvewikendi mhemberero itsva kuzvarwa kwezuva. Izvi zvaireva kuguma yekare dimikira gore negore kutenderera. Ryadilis kazhinji munguva dzomusango kana anosetsa zvokupfeka.

Kalinov zambuko

Kiyi yechihedheni tsika yaiva tsika dzokuviga. Akapedza hwepasi upenyu hwevanhu, uye nehama dzake, saka bhayibhayi kuna nyakufa. Zvichienderana nharaunda, musimboti pemariro pakati Slavs achinja. Kakawanda, munhu akavigwa muguva, iyo, kunze muviri, akaisa zvinhu zvavo wemufi, vandonamata naye humwe upenyu. Zvisinei, madzinza kubatana uye Krivichy Vyatichi Kusiyana neizvi, yakapiwa tsika echipiriso wemufi padanda.

Culture vakararama chiKristu chisati chavapo Russia kwaibva rengano nyaya dzakawanda. Somuenzaniso, kuvigwa yaiitwa maererano zvinotendwa Kalinovoye zambuko (zambuko kana Star). In necheSalvic mungano raiva zita nzira nyika mupenyu vakafa munyika, iyo mweya womunhu rakaitirwa afa. The zambuko vakava risingadzivisiki vaurayi, matsotsi, vanyengeri uye vanobata chibharo.

The nomudungwe wemariro vakapfuura refu nzira, iyo yaimiririra rwendo mweya wemufi mune humwe upenyu. Zvadaro, mutumbi yakaiswa pamusoro kuba. Raiva zita mariro pyre. Ake matavi zapolonyayut uye uswa. Akafa murume vakapfeka nguo refu chena. Kunze kwake, vakapisa uye kunyange zvipo zvakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira zvokudya chirangaridzo. The muviri akasungwa nhema yakananga tsoka dzenyu kumavirira. Bonfire abatidza mupristi kana mhuri mukuru.

Funeral mabiko

Kutaura nezvemabasa vakanga tsika dziri pre-Christian Russia echihedheni, tisingatauri mutambo wemariro. Waiva musoro chikamu yemariro wechipiri. Chaiva mutambo pamariro achiperekedzwa nokutamba, mitambo uye kukwikwidza. Also kwaiitwa zvibayiro uye munyengetero seboka kuti midzimu yemadzitateguru. Vakabatsira kunyaradzwa vapona.

Kunyanya mutambo Funeral aiva kuna mariro varwi vakanga vakarwira nyika yavo kubva kuvavengi uye vatorwa. Vakawanda chiKristu chisati chatanga necheSalvic tsika, tsika uye tsika kwakavakirwa kunamatwa simba. Naizvozvo, varwi vaishandisa vanhu ichi wechihedheni tiremekedze kufanana vanhuwo vagari, uye vachenjeri vaiziva sei kukurukurirana nemidzimu yemadzitateguru. Panguva yakatarwa vaiva rakakurumbira zvakapembererwa uye ushingi magamba uye Knights.

kushopera

Vakawanda uye zvakasiyana-siyana zvaiva yekare necheSalvic kuvuka. tsika dzechiKristu uye tsika yechihedheni kusanganiswa pamwe X-XI emakore., Kusiyiwa nhasi mhemberero dzakawanda uye tsika yakadaro. Asi panguva imwe chete yakawanda vagari nokuvuka yeRussia vave vakarasika uye kukanganwika. Vamwe vavo vakaponeswa dzakakurumbira ndangariro Vongai nokungwarira basa folklorists richagara emakore mashoma.

Yokushopera inobva nokunamata Slavs chinoumbwa nezvinhu zvakawanda zvakasikwa - .. Trees, matombo, mvura, moto, mvura, zuva, mhepo, nezvimwewo Other tsika dzakadaro zvakakodzera kuziva ramangwana rake, yakatakurwa munyika kukumbira midzimu yemadzitateguru akafa. Zvishoma nezvishoma vakaumba necheSalvic karenda yakasiyana kwakavakirwa Zvinonzi zvakasikwa, pasi zvakanga zvinosimbiswa kana zvakanaka kuramba guessing.

Zvemashiripiti tsika zvakanga zvakakodzera kuti uzive chii chichava utano nehama, kukohwa, mwana zvipfuwo, upfumi, uye zvichingodaro. D. inonyanya vakanga guessing nezvokuroorana uye kuuya kuchata kana mwenga. Kuti kuitisa kupira ichi, kuti Slavs dzakatorwa muna kure zvikuru, uye vakasurukirwa nzvimbo - vakasiya imba, muti yemiorivhi, makuva, etc. Izvi zvakaitwa nokuti yaigarwa midzimu ikoko vakadzidza uye ramangwana ...

Usiku Ivan Kupala

Nokuda Chidimbu uye kukwana zvinyorwa iyoyo vechihedheni kutsika pre-Christian Russia, muna pfupi, vave akadzidza zvishoma. Uyezve, nhasi vava shasha maberekero pasi nokuda zvokufungidzirwa uye Chiber "kutsvakurudza" wevanyori siyana. Asi kune mutemo uye kunze. Mumwe wavo ari kupemberera Ivan Kupala usiku.

mhemberero yenyika Izvi zvakanga zvakasimba mumwe musi - 24 June. zuva rino (kana nani usiku) unoenderana muzhizha kwezuva - pfupi kana kwaedza rinosvika wegore nhoroondo yaro refu. Nzwisisa zvazvinoreva nokuti Slavs Ivan Kupala, zvakakosha kunzwisisa kuti tsika yechihedheni dzaiva chiKristu Russia. Description pazororo iri rinowanikwa dzakawanda yaMakoronike (eg Gustynsky).

Mutambo rinotanga yokuti chokurangaridza akagadzira ndiro rakava zvibayiro pakuyeuka vakaparara madzitateguru. Chimwe chinokosha chokufunga usiku hombe swimming murwizi kana dziva, apo vechidiki vemunzvimbo muchirongwa. Zvaidavirwa kuti musi Midsummer mvura akamuka mashiripiti uye achiporesa masimba. Anowanzoshandisirwa kugeza zvitubu matsvene. Rakanga chokuita chokwadi kuti, maererano nezvinodavirwa Slavs yekare, dzimwe nzvimbo dziri zvavo nzizi nemadandemutande pamwe mermaids uye mimwe mweya yakaipa, akagadzirira chero nguva kuba murume nechepasi.

Huru Kupira Kupala usiku rakanga unobvira moto tsika. All vokumaruwa youth manheru rokuunganidza huni kuti mupopotedzane zvakakwana kusvikira mangwanani. Mitambo inotambwa vachitenderera vakakomba moto, vachisvetuka pamusoro pake. Maererano nengano, moto uyu zvaisava nyore, uye yokuchenesa kumidzimu yakaipa. Pedyo moto kushanyira vakadzi vose. Musauya pazororo uye havana kubatanidzwa tsika vaiona varoyi.

Kupala usiku zvakanga zvisingaiti kufungidzira pasina tsika eChechi. Pakatanga zororo munharaunda starred dzose nyadzi. Vachipemberera vechidiki aigona kuba vasingarangwi zvinhu nevamwe vanhu mamita, kuti abvise wadzo musha kana kukanda padenga. On mumigwagwa vakanga akavaka kwezvinovharidzira enyambo wakatambudza vamwe vanogarapo. Young akashandura ngoro caulk Chimneys and t. D. Maererano netsika nguva, zvakadai yetsika maitiro kunofananidzirwa pakupemberera kushapira inda. Kurambidzwa vakatorwa chete chete usiku. With kuguma zororo shure nenharaunda senguva chakayerwa upenyu.