Dzokuberekwa wemamonk, guta Vladimir. Hegumen Cyril

Kana ne veMubatanidzwa perestroika akatanga kudzoka machechi uye dzimba dzemamongi kokutanga zvakanga zvakakodzera kukunda nematambudziko chokuita kudzingwa nevaya vakagaramo mumakore gutsaruzhinji. Dzimwe nguva iyi aifanira kutsungirira uye kunyange ushingi. Zviri izvi unhu uye akatora abbot pakati Vladimir Christmas wemamongi abbot Cyril, nekuti akanga kubata-simba rose kurongwa KGB kwemakore akawanda akanga muNzvimbo wemamongi musha. Asi zvinhu zvokutanga pakutanga.

The chikuru wemamongi Russia yekare

Mumwe mukuru munyika Vladimir Dzokuberekwa wemamonk kuti zvisikwa 1337 Utatu-rwacho Segiyo Lavra aiva mukuru pakati monasticism muna North-Eastern Russia. Kubva yaMakoronike yekare zvinozivikanwa kuti rayakavambwa pakupera kwezana XII uye XIII emakore, muchinda Vladimir, wegumi mwanakomana Yuriya Dolgorukogo - Vsevolodom Yurevichem, kugamuchira vana vazhinji, yakabereka chiedza (12), zita remadunhurirwa Huru Nest.

Zvinofungidzirwa kuti Kuberekwa Monastery iri Vladimir zvinobva waichengetwa Bookmarks mairi ibwe Chechi Wokuzvarwa. chiitiko ichi chakaitika, sezvo zviri pachena kubva zvekare inozivikanwa se "Lavrentievskoy Chronicle" iri pamberi Grand Duke muna August 1191 uye dzose dzakapoteredza.

kudzivirira Great

Kana mushure kereke uye wemamongi akazviratidza, ipapo Vsevolod sevasingafungi zvakasimba, Unsubscribe hama ive yavo nokusingaperi yakawanda mumisha neminda. Mukuwedzera, Muchinda akatora vatarisire sangano uye dzomunyika upenyu wemamongi. Akanga avepo kubva pamazuva okutanga kwazvo nevakawanda upenyu hwakagadzwa kumonasitiri - uchitanga nomunhu vagari vasina pachake pfuma, uye pfuma yose iri pamwe anazvo. Vakanga rave kuisa abbots Vladimirskie mabhishopi Simon uye Mitrofan.

Akati agamuchira kutanga kwakadaro mbiri inotevera remakore Dzokuberekwa Monastery nokushingaira kuumba kusimbisa pakunamata uye mune zvokunyama nzvimbo yavo. Zvinozivikanwa kuti mushure wechiTatar nechisimba akaita mabhishopi Russian kutama cheya yake kubva akaparadza guta Kiev kuna Vladimir, nzvimbo yake yaanogara, vakasarudza ndiye Christmas wemamongi, zvakamupa mamiriro Church. Somugumisiro, paitonga Ivana Groznogo yemamongi aiva mumwe wokutanga hurumende.

Nechisimba Batu Khan

Zvisinei, munhau wemamongi vaiva mapeji zvinovava, kuyeuka nezvizere mwoyo nokusuwa. Muna 1237 muguta Vladimir akanga apinda zvisingaverengeki gurusvusvu Batu Khan. The moto moto vakaurayiwa netemberi dzakawanda uye neshongwe. Vagari veguta vakawanda vakaurayiwa kana varanda.

Not haana dambudziko divi uye Dzokuberekwa wemamonk. At maoko muArabhu yakapondwa kushandisa nayo mumakore iwayo Archimandrite Pachomius nehama dzose. Uye dzimba dzakawanda chakavakwa mumakore, Tatars vakapamba uye chipiriso. Kana utsi vaibvisa moto, uye miviri mamongi uye abbot wavo akanga avigwa, ipapo aifanira kuzodzosera kutanga kuvandudzika ose yemamongi upenyu.

Yemamongi - nzvimbo kuvigwa Aleksandra Nevskogo

Kubvira ipapo, chiitiko unoshamisa historiallinen aiva kuvigwa pano Grand Prince Aleksandra Nevskogo, uyo akafa muna 1263 muna Gorodets, kwaaigara, achibva Horde. mutumbi wake waradzikwa ari crypt, yakarongwa Chechi Wokuzvarwa chechechi. Nokuda kwaizvozvi pashure kuchinjwa choumambo Vladimir muMoscow (1325) Dzokuberekwa Monastery rwaigara kubva vatongi Russia, uyo aida kukudza kuyeuka nerakakurumbira tateguru vake, rupo mipiro. Izvi achatsigira pakuzadzisa uye kubudirira.

Kubatanidzwa abbots paruzhinji zvinoitika

Yemamongi chinzvimbo dzose zvakawedzera, uye somugumisiro muna 1598, apo nyaya sarudzo kuti chigaro anotonga itsva panzvimbo mukupera Fodora Ioannovicha, abbot ake Barlaam akadanwa kuMoscow uye akava mumwe signatories yezvakanyorwa wakasvinudza nzira yokutonga Boris Godunov.

I akaburuka munhau uye inotevera abbot - Archimandrite Isaya. Panguva Nguva Troubles, aigona kushumira, uye Venhema Dmitry I, achiva muna 1605 confessor yake, uye kuhwina vanokoshesa rokutanga Romanovs - chamber Mikhail Fedorovich, vachiisa siginicha yake nesananguro makodzero. Kana muna June 1619 panguva kubvuma Cathedral of Kremlin akatora isa muchato pakati rikaisa ateteguru choushe Metropolitan Filaret (Romanov) - baba akasarudza makore matanhatu apfuura, mambo, Archimandrite Isaya aiva mumwe yayo huru kuvashanu.

Achideredza pamusoro wemamongi mamiriro

Muzana XVI remakore Dzokuberekwa wemamongi akamanikidzwa regedza hune nzvimbo yavo pakati dzimwe dzemamongi Russian, izvo achisimudzira kusvikira zvino. Muna 1561 mumwe nomurayiro chevaux Ivan ari Anotyisa kuti zvino pakati huru dzemamongi Russian inofanira kukurukurwa Utatu-rwacho Segiyo Lavra. Saka, Vladimir wemamongi akava yakaderera nechinzvimbo uye akatora nzvimbo yechipiri.

chinzvimbo ichi achengeterwe kusvikira pakuonekwa muSt Petersburg Alexander Nevsky wemamonk, izvo, maererano nomurau Peter I, akaita haachatauri kuti rechitatu nzvimbo. Zvisinei, izvozvo akapa mamongi mukana kamwe zvakare kuita mune imwe huru unhu hwechiKristu - kuzvininipisa.

Paitonga nevatungamiriri Empress Elizabeth Vladimir diocese rakaumbwa, uye Christmas wemamongi akava pachigaro musoro wayo - Metropolitan Platon. Somunhu yemo dzokugara, iye kusvikira 1789, apo Vladimir-Suzdal diocese hwagadzwa, uye vatongi vose vaivapo akaisa kwavo kugara Suzdal.

Kurasikirwa mapurani Monument

Muchikamu chinotevera remakore, kutaura zvazviri muna 1869, wemamongi chakarasikirwa imwe yayo huru zvinokwezva - yekare, yakavakwa kare pre-Mongol nguva, Church of Wokuzvarwa. Chokwadi kuti makore mashoma asati yemamongi ichi akashanyirwa Kesari Alexander II uye, ndokumutarira, akaona kuti chechi yakanga zvakajeka vanoda yokudzorerwa.

nevavariro inoita zvakanaka, asi vane chinhu, sezvamunoziva, uye ndandanda mugwagwa kugehena. Somugumisiro, kereke, kamwe akaramba Tartar vazhinji, wakange simba pamberi munhu youpenzi. Found kwete vanoshingaira mukuru akarayira kuti vaparadze nayo, kamwe nayo zvakonzera nokunyunyuta vanhu chemhando, uye isina nzvimbo kuvaka chitsva. Kana mambo vakaziva izvi, ipapo hapana chinogona kugadziriswa.

Apocalypse XX remakore

Mushure October Revolution wemamongi kwemakore akawanda rava nzvimbo iyo dzichengeterwe wokutanga Cheka uye ipapo, anotevedzana OGPU, NKVD uye pakupedzisira KGB. Heino pakuvaka kuvharirwa wechivako. Panguva paitonga Stalin udzvanyiriri, sezvo maviri mid vamakumi mashanu, pamwe chete simba yemamongi masvingo vakawanda vaiurayiwa uye vakavigwa vakaurayiwa panezvinotyisa. Zvinotyisa nechisimba Batu, uyo akashanyira pano kwemakore mazana manomwe apfuura, hapana zviripo reropa rine rwaityisa akaita kuti ndive vanhu-mukundi.

Dzokerai dzose

Mumakore perestroika Vladimir dzemamongi, uyewo mamwe Russian yemamongi, vakatanga nzira yakaoma porumutsiriro. Muna 1991 akadzokera kuchechi uye nharaunda Kuberekwa pakati wemamongi, pane ari mukuru KGB dhipatimendi. RekuUnited yemamongi hama, dzinotungamirirwa ari abbot Cyril (Surkov), akaita chinhu chikuru uye nyore basa rokudzorera chii chave pamusoro makore utongi hwechiKomonisiti kuparadzwa kana kuvakwazve zvokuti varasikirwa chimiro zvaro zvinokosha.

Munyaya iyi yakaoma mamongi kubatsira sezvo masangano paruzhinji muguta, uye vanhuwo nevesangano, nokuti mweya bolevshie desecrated nzvimbo. Chokwadi chokuti basa kwenguva refu yaiva kubudirira, uye yemamongi upenyu zvakare akapinda mirayiridzo yake, kukosha huru Abbot Cyril - akangwara uye akachenjera mwene chipangamazano pakati mamongi pakunamata.