Icon "Chiratidzo cheTheotokos": chii zvinobatsira? Miracles chokuita icon

History vanoyeuka nyaya dzakawanda apo mifananidzo uye zvisaririra zvevasande zvishamiso, vakabatsira kukunda zvakakomba zvirwere nezvimwe zvinetso upenyu. Nekuti vanhu Orthodox kuteerera zvikuru dzechitendero unhu. Mumwe ava anonzi kuva mufananidzo "Chiratidzo Mhandara Yakakomborerwa." Chii chinoita uye sei kushandisa kuti mufananidzo?

tsananguro

Icon ichi yakatanga kusvika remakore rechi12. Munyori haizivikanwi chaizvo. Amai vaMwari anofananidzwa mune zvetsika mafory maoko vakarerwa mumunyengetero (iconographic mhando Orans). Pachifuva mwana wake - Iisus Hristos. Virgin inomira. Chifananidzo chepakutanga ndiyo maviri ane mativi. Turnover unotora wakarurama mufananidzo uye Joakim Anna, vari pamberi munamato waJesu. Pakutanga, chiso tsvene yakanga yakashongedzwa yendarama nguvo namabwe anokosha.

Mushure mana emakore pashure pakusika "Chiratidzo" kuvake rukaporeswa. Tenzi akanga zvichipomerwa Archbishop Makarios (akazova Metropolitan of Moscow). Zvadaro, chete zvimedu kuMhandara zvipfeko akachengetedzwa kubva paguva yekare. The pafiripi divi iri kuzochinja. Pari mufananidzo iri St. Sophia Cathedral (Novgorod).

nyaya

Maererano zvinyorwa, muna 1170 Suzdal mauto inotungamirirwa Andrew Bogolyubsky rakakombwa Novgorod. Mauto akanga dzisakarurama. Zvino vomuguta akatsaukira paainyengetera kuna She kuti ruponeso. Pausiku Kukomba Archbishop John inzwi richibva kudenga rechitatu akarayira kutora mufananidzo wemhandara kubva kuchechi Elias Street uye tora nayo masvingo eguta. Pakufamba akatanga kunotutirwa vavengi yemauto. Mumwe miseve yakarova icon. Kubva meso edu Lady misodzi yakafukidza. Pashure paizvozvo, muvengi wakauya pamusoro ane asingatsananguriki chinokatyamadza. Kutuka mumwe, vakamhanya kubva pamasvingo eguta. Kushandisa kuvhiringika uku, akadzingirwa Suzdal Novgorod uye akunda.

Chiitiko ichi nhoroondo chinorondedzerwa zvizere muna chinozivikanwa iconographic zano. Uye regai kurangarira uye varemekedze Novgorod kuvake, izvo anomirira Amai vaMwari-muponesi ( "Sign"). Kusimbisa kukosha uye nedzimwe zvishamiso, vari panguva dzakasiyana chacho chitsvene.

kufarira

Muzana remakore rechi12 pashure zviitiko hondo yakatangwa rukudzo wokupemberera (December 10 pakarenda yaGregory), izvo zvinotora nzvimbo yeRussian Church uye ino nguva. mabasa inoitwa nhasi. Vapristi verenga minyengetero-kurapwa uye canons, vachikumbira Our Lady kuti apindire uye kufarirwa mukutenda.

zvishamiso

Two emakore mufananidzo waiva "chizvarwa" zvemapango kuchechi Elias Street. Zvisinei, pakati pezana remakore rechi14-paiva moto. Uye icon yave kuzivikanwa chimwe chishamiso. The moto akafa pasi kunze munamato basa, apo akaturika chiso dzvene. Pashure paizvozvo, pedyo madota akanga avaka itsva, chechi ibwe, vakagamuchira mamiriro wemamongi Chiratidzo. Icon akawana musha mutsva.

Muzana remakore rechi16, pashure kudzorerwa mufananidzo muna Novgorod paiva nomumwe, zvikuru pamwero mukuru moto. The moto kupararira mumigwagwa wandei. No kuitwa vomuguta vasingagoni kukunda muedzo maatomu akafanana. Ipapo Metropolitan Makarios akanyengetera kuna Mhandara Yakakomborerwa Mary, uye maoko ake ari anozivikanwa tsika nomudungwe pamahombekombe ari Volkhov. Pakarepo mhepo ine simba akaridza nenzira rwizi - moto amira.

Muna 1611, panguva Novgorod rakarwisa yeSweden. Ivo zvoutsinye vakauraya vagari uye kwakaparadza dzimba uye temberi, nokuunza midziyo matsvene uye zvinosvibisa mifananidzo. A nyaya apo wandei Vatorwa vauya kutemberi chaizvo musi Elias Street. Panguva ino, zvakanga basa. Kana mangoti mapinda yeSweden simba risingaoneki vakakandwa shure. Vasimudzire zvavaiita dawo temberi kwakakundikana. Paakanzwa izvi, muvengi haasisina wakanyatsokodzera kutemberi, uye vanhu Novgorod nekusiyana, angaponeswa mariri.

Panguva October Revolution (1917), icon hwakatamisirwa Novgorod Museum, panguva Great Patriotic War - yakanga anobviswa, uye pashure - vakadzokera miziyamu. Uye pakupedzisira, muna 1991, Novgorod diocese vakarwira kungoona mufananidzo. In St. Sophia Cathedral , achiperekedzwa kunoshamisa zvomuchadenga chakajairika - muraraungu kumativi rising temberi - icon hwakatamisirwa "Chiratidzo Mhandara Yakakomborerwa." Chii chinobatsira chiso dzvene vane chero zvikumbiro, unogona kutaura naye?

Kukosha uye munamato

Zvinozivikanwa kuti muna 1352, mazana evanhu panguva idenda denda akaporeswa. Zvino anorapa kubva zvikuru zvepfungwa uye upofu vakanga vakaudza. Izvi, zviri pfungwa zvivi, nyasha kuvake "Chiratidzo cheTheotokos", chii chinoita kuti kunyange nhasi.

Panewo nzira kuuya vanhu vanoda runyararo mumhuri kana nyika, vanoda kuwana asipo mhuri. Zvisinei, vapristi vane chokwadi kubvunza chinhu mutendi, panguva nokutendeseka uye kuchena pfungwa zvachose kubatsira Mhandara Yakakomborerwa. Its kukosha kubva pakutanga chiKristu munyika yakanga kukuru. The Gospel rinotsanangura zviitiko zvakawanda apo iye akabatsira vanoshayiwa uye vachirwara vanhu, akatendeuka vave kutenda.

Uyewo chinokosha mubvunzo kunyengetera kuna Mhandara Yakakomborerwa Mary. Pane zvakawanda une hungiso, rakanyorwa zvakananga kureva kwairi. Saka, pane chikumbiro kuna mufananidzo "The semhanza". Zvisinei, maererano vafundisi avo chete vane chero chinyorwa kana mufananidzo wacho akataura, pakutanga pachagara kutenda kwake yomukati.

zvinoshamisa mazita

Nhoroondo iconography anoziva mazita akawanda kana makopi akaita pachishandiswa icon Musikana "Chiratidzo". Vari Russia uye kunze kwayo. Hevano dzinoenderana nzvimbo mifananidzo: abalak, Kurskaia, Vologod, Pavlov, Solovetskaia, Tsarskoselskaya etc. vose vane simba dzvene uye kuratidza nezvishamiso sezvo yepakutanga kuvake "Sign Blessed Mary.". Chii chinoita mufananidzo vaKristu? Chekutanga tine kutenda.

Kuti izvi zvidaro, mumatsutso 2009 "rwendo Orthodox" - rakatenderedzwa Icon pamusoro chitundumusere-musere akapoteredza Earth. The 176 majana yakaitwa munguva chirongwa. Mvumo uye chikomborero nomudungwe yakadaro yakagamuchirwa kubva Patriarch of Moscow uye All Russia Kirill.