Ecumene - zviri mufashoni. "Adzikinura nyika" iri jogirafi uye mabhuku

Ecumene - chinhu rekare rechiGiriki shoko rinoreva "rinogarwa" nokuda οἰκέω -. «Vaigara uchagarireiko" Greek geographer Hecataeus pakati kuMireto rinonzi shoko aizivikanwa nevaGiriki nyika pamwe nechepakati muGreece. Hecataeus pakati Mireto zvishoma nezvishoma akachinja zvinoreva izwi - iye pakutanga akadana saka chete rechiGiriki nyika, uye gare gare - vose inogarwa nevanhu mundima rose.

Ecumene mumabhuku uye netsika

Kunze nenzvimbo Mupfungwa, pane vamwe. Munhoroondo pfungwa yakadaro inozivikanwa se "Old World" - tsika ecumene nevakabva nomunda, yaisanganisira ndima anozivikanwa vokuEurope vasati vawana America. Mushure kuwanikwa America, shoko rokuti "New World" akazviratidza. Old World - ichi haisi muunganidzwa nyika, ndiyo tsika, nyika yevanhu. Kare, nyika zvaiva pfungwa "Old World", rakakamurwa Europe, Asia uye Africa.

Ivan Efremov "Nyika Foam"

Ecumene - hazvisi chete rechiGiriki rokuti uye nhoroondo nharaunda: zviri musoro imwe itsva maererano munyori Soviet Ivan Efremov. Artwork Efuremu "Panguva kumucheto anozivikanwa nyika" inotiudza zvenyika yekare Greece reAegean kumwedzi.

Pandion muduku muvezi vaifanira rwendo kuenda kunzvimbo akakurumbira ipapo kugarwa, enda varanda vaIjipiti, kuyambuka Africa kubva kumabvazuva kusvikira kumavirira, kupfuura nyika chipo Sudan, Cameroon, Central African Republic, uye kupedza rwendo rwavo achipfuura Strait of Gibraltar mungarava yacho vokuFenikiya. Akashanyira kwazvo kure kunyika Greece, chaizvoizvo pamusoro kumucheto ecumene - iyoyo kuvaGiriki inogarwa.

"Ecumene" Genri Layona Oldie

Efremov kwete chete akatsaukira basa rake kuti iri zita kwete chaizvo chakasviba. Genri Layon Oldie akashandisawo sonorous shoko "World of anozivikanwa nyika" yake naka, rinosanganisira dzinokwana 9 mabhuku, muzvikamu zvitatu.

Wokutanga ( "Ecumene") uye yechitatu ( "The Savages ari anozivikanwa nyika") - akabatanidza Zano. Wechipiri - «Urbi, et orbi, kana guta uye nyika" - kunoitika muchadenga "anozivikanwa nyika", asi haina chokuita wemigove.

In ichi kutenderera, pasi "anozivikanwa nyika" rinoreva undeveloped kunyika. Pane shoko rinoshandiswa zvinoreva "zvose" anoreva zvose anozivikanwa uye akashanyira nzvimbo nevanhu - uye pamusoro nyika uye nzvimbo uye dzimwe nyika dziri muchadenga.

Kushanduka pfungwa "oikoumene"

In Russian ecumene - a "muchadenga", "inogarwa muchadenga". Nokufamba kwenguva yakapfuura kubva pakatanga rokuti, uye kusvikira nhasi, ayo kukosha haisi chete wakashamira, asiwo vawana kwerima guru idzva.

Around yechipiri yezana rechigumi nemapfumbamwe remakore, izwi akasvika mutauro chepakutanga Russian - mbiri dzakasiyana, nedzimwe emashoko uye nezvaanoreva zvakasiyana. Sezvo oikoumene - the nenzvimbo, zvipenyu, tsika uye nhoroondo pfungwa. Wechipiri chokuita ukama pakati zvitendero zvakasiyana uye machechi, uye zvinoita sokuti "ecumenism".

Ecumenism sezvo kutanga akatanga kubuda kuMiddle Ages. The izwi akanga aronga muna 1937 - kwakabva shoko kwakafanana rokuti "ecumene".

Panguva chaipo nheyo ecumenism - dzidziso mapazi chechi. Nemamwe mashoko, masangano ose echiKristu uye zvitendero (VaPurotesitendi, vaKaturike, Orthodox nevamwe) pane mapazi akasiyana muchechi yechiKristu chete. Vane zvakawanda - kutenda kwavo muna Kristu, kuti sangano svyaschestva. The chikuru vavariro iri kufamba - pedyo, kuda kubatana uye dzekuno vapfume pakunamata ndege.

Both zvinokosheswa chaizvo yakazvimirira mumutauro wokuRussia, chimwe nechimwe chine nzvimbo yacho. Zvinogoneka kuti pamusoro nguva kukosha kuchawedzera zvakatonyanya, huchiita kuti mutauro noruvara mutsva zvarinoreva uye pfungwa.